Economy
CBN’s Forex Supply to BDCs Damaging Economy—Analysts
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), as part of its commitment to keep the exchange rate of the Naira and Dollar stable at the foreign exchange (forex) market, started the supply of forex to authorized traders at the market.
The first was to make forex readily available to investors as well as exporters of some essential products and materials and it created the Investors and Exporters (I&E) FX window.
Thereafter, the apex bank started the regular supply of forex to Bureau De Change Operators (BDCs) and since then, the exchange rate at the commercial banks and BDCs has been narrowed, which many had called for in the past.
According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the CBN operates up to five different forex market segments and they are the CBN official window rate of N305/$1, a retail/wholesale window rate of N325-330/$1, the I&E window rate of N360/$1, the invisible transactions through BDC and SMEs separate window rate of N360-365/$1, and some government transactions (e.g. FAAC allocations) at a rate closer to N320-325/$1.
But analysts at Investment One believe the supply of forex to BDC operators is doing the nation’s economy more damage than good. In a report last week, it said, “Evidently, the adoption of liberal dollar supply to BDCs has done much harm to the economy.”
In the report titled Multiple Exchange Rates, one of the firm’s analysts opined that, “The multiple exchange rate regime that we operate promotes currency speculation at the expense of real production domestically.
“You would see some traders who would sell dollar at a higher price in a window having accessed it at a cheaper price in another window, taking advantage of price differences in the market.”
It was stated in the report that BDCs may have graduated from merely meeting the retail requirements of travelers to becoming hard-core suppliers of foreign exchange for money laundering and trafficking purposes!
The motivation for money laundering and currency trafficking has taken root from the free access to public sector dollars made available to BDCs by CBN. Here is another report that puts more colour to the picture.
While currency speculation has led to the depreciation in Naira on several occasions, other illegal practices by politically exposed persons have starved the industrial and manufacturing sector of forex for raw materials, machinery and spare parts hence inhibiting potential for economy growth and development, the report disclosed.
Investment One advised the CBN to return to the regime of a single market for forex like Nigeria did in 1987 before it introduced the multiple foreign exchange policy to facilitate non-oil inflows into the Deposit Money Banks and mitigate the depreciation in the local currency.
The investment company noted that, “Our neighboring country, Ghana grows faster, and yes, they operate a flexible market-based exchange rate regime.”
However, it pointed out that, “Of course, no two economies are the same. However, economists have always favoured a single exchange rate system over a multiple exchange regime. Former CBN Governor, Professor Charles Soludo, speaks in support of the above in this write up.”
By Dipo Olowookere
The price of crude oil on the global market dropped below the $90 per barrel mark on Friday after Iran announced the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz.
About 20 per cent of the world’s total oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) consumption passes through this narrow body of water between Iran and Oman.
It was shut down by Iran after the United States and Israel launched airstrikes on it in late February 2026.
For the past few days, there have been talks between the US and Iran over the reopening of the Strait. The Middle East country reopened it after Israel and Lebanon struck a deal.
This action crashed the price of crude oil today, with the Brent grade selling at about $88 per barrel and the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) grade trading at $83 per barrel as of the time of filing this report.
Iranian Foreign Minister, Mr Abbas Araghchi, announced the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, with the move already welcomed by President Donald Trump of the United States.
It will remain open during the ceasefire while further negotiations continue between America and Iran.
“In line with the ceasefire in Lebanon, the passage for all commercial vessels through the Strait of Hormuz is declared completely open for the remaining period of the ceasefire, on the coordinated route as already announced by Ports and Maritime Organisation of the Islamic Republic of Iran,” the Minister posted on X, formerly Twitter, on Friday.
This news will surely excite Nigerians, who have been forced to pay more to buy petroleum products since the war started, despite living in an oil-producing country.
The price of petrol jumped from about N827 per litre before the war to N1,250 and almost N1,300 per litre because of the Middle East crisis.
Dangote Refinery, which majorly supplies the local market, claimed it was buying crude oil at an international price.
By Adedapo Adesanya
President Bola Tinubu has signed the 2026 Appropriation Bill into law, authorising an aggregate expenditure of N68.32 trillion for the current fiscal year.
He also signed a separate bill extending the implementation period of the 2025 budget from March 31 to June 30, 2026.
The budget allocates N4.799 trillion for statutory transfers and N15.8 trillion for debt service.
It further sets aside N15.4 trillion for recurrent expenditure and N32.2 trillion for capital expenditure through the Development Fund.
In a statement signed by Special Adviser to the President on Information and Strategy, Mr Bayo Onanuga, on Friday, it was that, “The N68.32 trillion budget for this year earmarks N4.799 trillion for statutory transfers and N15.8 trillion for debt service. It allocates N15.4 trillion to recurrent expenditure and N32.2 trillion to the Development Fund for Capital Expenditure.”
“With capital expenditure accounting for about 50 per cent, the 2026 budget underscores the administration’s continued commitment to economic stability, national security, infrastructure development, and inclusive growth.
“The allocations reflect a strategic balance between statutory obligations, debt servicing, recurrent expenditure, and capital investments critical to driving productivity and improving the quality of life for Nigerians,” it added.
The 2026 Appropriation Act took effect on April 1, with the federal government commencing full implementation in line with what the presidency describes as the Renewed Hope Agenda.
President Tinubu also assented to the Appropriation (Repeal and Enactment) (Amendment) Bill, 2026, which extends the capital component of the 2025 Appropriation Act by three months to June 30.
The presidency said the extension would ensure the full utilisation of appropriated funds, particularly for critical infrastructure projects at advanced stages of implementation.
“The extension will ensure the full and effective utilisation of appropriated funds, particularly for critical infrastructure and development projects that are at advanced stages of implementation across the country.
“It will enable Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) to consolidate ongoing works, enhance project completion rates, and maximise value for public expenditure,” the statement read.
He directed MDAs to ensure disciplined, transparent, and efficient utilisation of allocated resources, with strong emphasis on value for money and timely project delivery.
The President reaffirmed the importance of sustained collaboration between the Executive and Legislative arms of government in advancing national development objectives, the statement noted.
President Tinubu also assured Nigerians of his administration’s resolve to deepen fiscal reforms and boost revenue generation.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Pipeline Infrastructure Nigeria Limited (PINL) says Nigeria has lost an estimated $226.734 billion in revenue from stalled crude oil production in Ogoniland over the past 32 years.
The group at the company’s monthly stakeholders’ meeting in Port Harcourt called for an urgent, structured restart of operations in the region.
PINL described the resumption of oil production in Ogoniland as a “strategic national priority,” stressing that the process must be driven by host communities and grounded in environmental sustainability.
Speaking at the event, Mr Akpos Mezeh, General Manager, Community and Stakeholder Relations at PINL, said the scale of losses highlights both the cost of inaction and the opportunity ahead.
“Available data shows that over $226.734 billion has been lost due to the suspension of crude oil production from 96 oil wells in Ogoniland over the past 32 years. This clearly underscores both the economic cost of inaction and the immense opportunity that lies ahead,” he said.
Ogoniland, covered under Oil Mining Lease (OML) 11, has the capacity to produce over 500,000 barrels of crude oil per day. Production was halted in 1993 following unrest and environmental concerns linked to oil exploration activities.
PINL outlined key conditions for restarting operations, including active community participation, sustained environmental remediation, adoption of community-based security models, and prioritisation of economic inclusion.
“The position of PINL aligns with growing calls from stakeholders in the Niger Delta for the Federal Government to restart oil production in Ogoniland in a manner that balances economic benefits with environmental justice and community interests,” Mr Mezeh added.
He further affirmed the company’s readiness to support the process, stating: “At PINL, we stand ready to support this process by applying our experience in stakeholder engagement and infrastructure protection to ensure a peaceful, secure, and sustainable resumption.”
PINL maintained that with the right framework, resuming production in Ogoniland could significantly boost Nigeria’s crude output, increase government revenues, and support broader economic growth.
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