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Strong Economic Growth Boosts International Flows—DHL GCI

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

International flows of trade, capital, information and people all intensified significantly for the first time since 2007; Mauritius is sub-Saharan Africa’s most connected country; Mozambique named as one of the countries where international flows most exceed expectations

DHL released the fifth edition of the DHL Global Connectedness Index (GCI), a detailed analysis of globalization, measured by international flows of trade, capital, information and people. The new GCI report represents the first comprehensive assessment of developments in globalization across 169 countries and territories since the Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom and the 2016 presidential election in the United States. In spite of growing anti-globalization tensions in many countries, connectedness reached an all-time high in 2017, as the flows of trade, capital, information and people across national borders all intensified significantly for the first time since 2007. Strong economic growth boosted international flows while key policy changes such as US tariff increases had not yet been implemented.

The 2018 index measures the current state of globalization, as well as individual rankings for each country, based on the depth (intensity of international flows) and breadth (geographical distribution of flows) of countries’ international connections. The world’s top five most globally connected countries in 2017 were the Netherlands, Singapore, Switzerland, Belgium and the United Arab Emirates. Eight of the top 10 most connected countries are located in Europe, helping make it the world’s most connected region, in particular for trade and people flows. North America, the leader in capital and information flows, ranked second among world regions, followed by the Middle East and North Africa in third place.

In Sub Saharan Africa, the highest ranking country was Mauritius, which featured in 40thposition, while South Africa was named the highest ranking country on the African continent itself, with an overall ranking of 56thplace. 

“As the world continues to globalize, there are still many opportunities for intercontinental & intraregional trade, particularly for emerging economies in Sub Saharan Africa,” says Hennie Heymans, CEO of DHL ExpressSub Saharan Africa. “Globalization is a key driver for growth and fiscal security, which is evident in countries that have embraced it. We are confident about continued further growth in the region with new trade agreements coming into effect, to support regional collaboration.”

“Surprisingly, even after globalization’s recent gains, the world is still less connected than most people think it is,” commented GCI co-author Steven A. Altman, Senior Research Scholar at the NYU Stern School of Business and Executive Director of NYU Stern’s Center for the Globalization of Education and Management. “This is important because, when people overestimate international flows, they tend to worry more about them. The facts in our report can help calm such fears and focus attention on real solutions to societal concerns about globalization.”

At the global level, the GCI shows, for example, that just about 20% of economic output around the world is exported, roughly 7% of phone call minutes (including calls over the internet) are international, and only 3% of people live outside the countries where they were born. The report also debunks the belief that distance is becoming irrelevant. Most countries are much more connected to their neighbours than to distant nations.

Emerging economies remain less connected than advanced economies

The GCI continues to reveal vast differences between levels of globalization in advanced versus emerging economies. Emerging economies trade almost as intensively as advanced economies, but advanced economies are more than three times as deeply integrated into international capital flows, five times for people flows, and almost nine times with respect to information flows.

Additionally, while leaders from large emerging markets have become major supporters of globalization on the world stage, emerging economies’ progress catching up in terms of global connectedness has stalled.

Mozambique beats expectations

Mozambique was named as one of the five countries where international flows exceed expectations the most. This is positive news for the region, because deeper global connectedness can help accelerate countries’ economic growth.

One cause for optimism regarding further growth potential for Sub Saharan Africa, is the signing of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), signed by 49 countries in March 2018.

According to a study by the UN Economic Commission for Africa, full implementation of the AfCFTA could double intra-African trade and boost the whole continent’s global connectedness.

Modupe Gbadeyanka is a fast-rising journalist with Business Post Nigeria. Her passion for journalism is amazing. She is willing to learn more with a view to becoming one of the best pen-pushers in Nigeria. Her role models are the duo of CNN's Richard Quest and Christiane Amanpour.

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AXIAN Energy Secures $60m for Expansion Across Africa

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By Aduragbemi Omiyale

A financing facility of up to $60 million has been secured by AXIAN Energy, the energy division of the AXIAN Group.

The funding package was provided by MCB, one of the leading financial institutions in the Indian Ocean region.

It comprises a $40 million revolving credit facility with a three-year tenor and extension option, and $20 million in unfunded instruments, providing AXIAN Energy with enhanced financial flexibility, enabling the company to rapidly mobilise resources and seize development opportunities across its target markets.

The energy firm is expected to use the capital to deliver large-scale energy infrastructure projects across Africa.

Over the past two years, AXIAN Energy has significantly accelerated its growth by expanding its renewable energy project pipeline, with solar projects currently under development in Senegal, Benin, Zambia, Côte d’Ivoire, Madagascar, and Burkina Faso.

Building on this momentum, AXIAN Energy now operates a portfolio comprising 350 MW of installed renewable energy capacity, supported by 77 MWh of energy storage capacity, positioning the AXIAN Group as a major contributor to Africa’s energy transition.

The chief executive of AXIAN Energy, Mr Benjamin Memmi, said, “This transaction marks a key milestone in AXIAN Energy’s growth trajectory. It provides us with the financial capacity to sustain the momentum we have built over the past two years, further strengthening our renewable energy portfolio and expanding our presence across new African markets.”

Also commenting, the Global Head of Structured Finance at MCB, Mr Mathieu Delteil, said, “We are proud to support AXIAN Energy in structuring this facility, reaffirming our commitment to enabling transformative projects across Africa.

“By leveraging our sector expertise and deep understanding of regional markets, we have delivered a tailored financing solution that aligns with AXIAN’s long-term renewable energy ambitions.

“This partnership highlights our role as a strategic financial partner, mobilising capital towards investments that drive sustainable growth and accelerate the energy transition across the continent.”

The financing agreement between the two organisations strengthens their long-standing relationship because it is driven by a shared commitment to supporting infrastructure development and economic growth across Africa.

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S&P Restores Afreximbank to Investment-Grade Status After 12 Years

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Credit ratings agency, S&P Global Ratings, has restored the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) ​to investment grade, nearly 12 years after its last assessment, citing the entity’s countercyclical lending record and ‌strong shareholder support.

The BBB+ rating with a stable outlook is one notch above Moody’s Baa2 and comes months after Afreximbank severed ties with Fitch Ratings.

The lender accused the agency of misjudging its mission, following a downgrade to junk status amid disagreements over the bank’s role in debt ​restructurings for Ghana and Zambia. Fitch subsequently withdrew its ratings entirely and flagged governance concerns.

S&P said in ​a statement on Thursday that Afreximbank’s record as a countercyclical lender and its substantial shareholder ⁠support served as rationale for its rating. Credit ratings often guide the costs of capital for a borrower.

The lender’s total assets, S&P noted, had expanded to $42.3 billion by the end of 2025, up ​from $7.1 billion in 2015.

S&P said it did not incorporate preferred creditor status into its assessment because Afreximbank ​provides almost 80 per cent of its loans to private-sector entities.

However, it acknowledged that Afreximbank, alongside other institutions, had experienced prolonged payment arrears in ‌recent ⁠years, notably following the defaults and debt restructurings in Ghana and Zambia.

S&P noted that Afreximbank said in December that it had come to an agreement with Ghana on its $750 million loan, but that the lender had not announced a resolution with Zambia.

The agency warned that further sovereign restructurings could weigh on Afreximbank’s asset quality.

S&P’s assessment described Afreximbank’s governance and management as “adequate”, saying the ⁠inclusion of ​two independent directors and the African Development Bank (AfDB) as a permanent board ​member provided institutional oversight.

It noted that while increasing participation of private-sector investors through Class D shares could influence the bank’s risk appetite, Class A ​shareholders retained veto rights over big institutional changes, balancing potential risk.

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Elon Musk Becomes World’s First Trillionaire as SpaceX Soars in Nasdaq Debut

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Mr Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, is now a trillionaire as his SpaceX rose 11 per cent in its Nasdaq debut on Friday, lifting its valuation to about $1.96 trillion as investors piled into the world’s largest initial public offering (IPO).

The stock opened for trading at $150 compared with the IPO price of $135 per share.

The landmark listing cemented Mr Musk’s status as the first trillionaire ever and propelled SpaceX into the ranks of the ⁠world’s most valuable companies

The listing is being used as a benchmark of what is to come for the market ahead of forthcoming IPOs for AI heavyweights Anthropic and OpenAI.

The record IPO is a culmination of Mr Musk’s long-held ambitions in space and technology.

Most of Musk’s wealth now rests with SpaceX, where ⁠he holds a stake worth roughly $866 billion. Along with Tesla and the rest of his properties, his net worth will exceed $1.1 trillion when the stock begins trading on Friday.

At a quoted $75 billion, the deal’s proceeds were more than double those of Saudi Aramco’s record-setting 2019 IPO.

The valuation could rise further should underwriters exercise their right to sell additional shares, a decision typically made within 30 days after the offering.

Although SpaceX may have to wait for entry into the S&P 500, its expected fast-track inclusion in the Nasdaq 100 will soon make it a major holding for passive funds and ETFs that track the index, creating a fresh source of demand for its shares.

It will take about a month before it gets added to that index under Nasdaq’s new fast-entry rules, as opposed to a typical wait of as much as a year.

SpaceX said its market opportunity spans $28.5 trillion, a figure it called the largest in human history.

Mr Musk, 54, was born in Pretoria, South Africa, to a Canadian mother and South African father. He attended the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1997.

He took over as Tesla’s CEO in 2008. Beyond Tesla and SpaceX, Mr Musk ‌has co-founded ⁠five other companies, including tunnelling startup The Boring Company and brain implant maker Neuralink.

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