Banking
Access Bank Risks Negative Pressures After Merger—Moody’s
By Dipo Olowookere
Renowned rating agency, Moody’s Investors Service, has warned that Access Bank may experience negative pressures on its capital and asset risk metrics as a result of its merger with Diamond Bank Plc.
This disclosure was made in a statement issued recently, where it announced that it was placing the ratings of the Nigerian lender under review for downgrade.
Moody’s said it was looking to lower the B2 long-term local currency deposit rating of Access Bank as well as its B3 long-term foreign currency deposit rating, its b2 Baseline Credit Assessment (BCA) and Adjusted BCA, its B1 long-term Counterparty Risk Rating (CRR) and its B1(cr) long-term Counterparty Risk Assessment (CRA).
However, Moody’s said it was placing Diamond Bank Plc’s Caa1 long-term deposit ratings, its caa3 BCA and Adjusted BCA, its Caa1 CRR and its Caa1(cr) CRA on review for upgrade.
In late 2018, Diamond Bank and Access Bank announced their intentions to merge to become a big and formidable entity.
In its statements, Moody’s said it was reviewing the banks’ ratings following the approval of their announced merger by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on January 18, 2019, after a preliminary approval of the transaction by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in December 2018.
“Access Bank’s ratings are placed on review for downgrade to reflect the potential negative pressures on its capital and asset risk metrics as a result of the merger, while Diamond Bank’s review for upgrade reflects the expected convergence of its creditworthiness and ratings with those of Access Bank upon completion of the transaction,” the agency said.
Moody’s explained that its primary driver underpinning the decision to initiate a review for downgrade of Access Bank’s ratings is the expected weakening of the bank’s solvency profile, driven by a lower tangible common equity (TCE) ratio amid higher asset risks.
It noted that Access Bank will acquire a large balance sheet (about N1.6 trillion as of September 2018), mainly consisting of net loans (about N730 billion), which will increase its risk weighted assets, while Diamond Bank’s undercapitalization will likely strain Access Bank’s TCE.
Moody’s expects Access Bank’s post-merger TCE ratio will decline to around 10%, reducing the bank’s loss absorbance buffers. The TCE would also decline below the median for global peers with b2 BCA.
In addition, the rating agency expects Access Bank’s asset risk to increase because of the additional risk assets it will acquire from Diamond Bank.
The rating agency views Diamond Bank’s risk management and underwriting procedures as weaker than those of Access Bank and therefore expects a higher formation of nonperforming loans (NPLs) from Diamond Bank’s loan book that Access Bank will acquire. The rating agency also expects substantial operational risks to be introduced by this sizeable acquisition.
For Diamond Bank, the review for upgrade is driven by the fact that upon completion of the merger, Diamond Bank’s assets, liabilities and undertakings will be assumed by Access Bank, a stronger entity, who will become the obligor of former Diamond Bank’s creditors.
The review on both banks will conclude upon the legal completion of the merger and will take stock of any new relevant information that might be available at that time.
For Access Bank, the rating agency says that the review for downgrade will focus on (1) the impact of a successful completion of the merger on Access Bank’s solvency ratios (asset risk and capital metrics), (2) the extent to which the merger will improve Access Bank’s profitability and funding and liquidity profiles, and (3) any integration challenges that will arise from onboarding Diamond Bank’s assets and liabilities and staff.
The review will assess how Access Bank will implement measures to increase its capital buffers to enable it to absorb new credit losses that will come from Diamond Bank’s loan book. The rating agency will assess any plans by Access Bank to reduce its risk assets and improve its capital upon completion of the merger.
The review will consider the impact of Diamond Bank’s loan book on Access Bank’s asset quality, including the amount of NPLs that Access Bank will inherit from Diamond Bank, and the level of provisions of the NPLs, although management indicated that a large portion of Diamond Bank’s current NPLs will be written off before conclusion of the transaction.
Moody’s said it will also assess the positive impact of Diamond Bank’s largely retail deposit book to Access Bank’s deposit structure and tenor.
As of September 2018, Access Bank would acquire N1.1 trillion customer deposits from Diamond Bank, providing it with deposits that are cheaper than its current cost of funding. The rating agency will consider the impact of possible revenue enhancements and any long-term cost savings, viewed against short-term restructuring costs.
The review will also take into consideration material implementation challenges associated with the acquisition of a large bank such as Diamond Bank.
As of September 2018, Diamond Bank’s total assets constituted 34% of Access Bank’s assets and Moody’s estimates that Diamond Bank’s total assets will contribute about 23% of merged entity total assets.
Access Bank will need to successfully integrate its newly acquired staff and IT and processing platforms while ensuring that the business does not suffer during the integration period. Moody’s recognizes Access Bank’s good track record in mergers and acquisitions.
Moody’s said the review for upgrade on Diamond Bank’s deposit ratings reflects the prospects that the rated deposits and liabilities of Diamond Bank will benefit from Access Bank’s stronger risk profile, and the rating agency will align Diamond Bank’s long-term deposit ratings with those of Access Bank. These are currently B2 on review for downgrade for local currency, and B3 on review for downgrade for foreign currency.
The rating agency will assess the extent to which Diamond Bank’s current solvency weaknesses that are a result of its high NPLs, low provisions and low capital will be addressed by the merger.
The rating agency will also consider the implication of the merger to Diamond Bank’s foreign currency liquidity, in light of the significant refinancing needs in the first half of 2019.
Moody’s said it will withdraw Diamond Bank’s ratings upon completion of the merger because Diamond Bank will cease to exist as a separate legal entity.
Banking
CBN Revokes Operating Licenses of 46 Microfinance Banks
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
The operating licenses of 46 microfinance banks in the country have been revoked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
A statement on Wednesday from the banking sector regulator disclosed that the action followed failure by the affected small lenders to comply with regulatory requirements.
The central bank said it had to enforce its powers under Sections 12 and 13 of the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA), 2020, to withdraw the licenses of the banks.
“The revocation of the licenses is part of the Bank’s ongoing efforts to safeguard the stability of the financial sector, protect depositors, and ensure that licensed institutions comply with current laws and regulatory requirements,” a part of the circular dated Wednesday, July 1, 2026, and signed by the acting Director of the Corporate Communications Department of the CBN, Mrs Hakama Sidi-Ali, stated.
The apex bank listed five violations by the 46 microfinance banks, including insufficient assets to meet liabilities, closure of operations without the CBN’s approval, inactivity and cessation of financial intermediation, failure to commence operations within 12 months of licence approval, and failure to maintain minimum capital funds unimpaired by losses.
Another part of the notice disclosed that, “The revocation was approved by the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Mr Olayemi Cardoso, following the banks’ failure to meet the regulatory requirements for continued operation as licensed financial institutions.”
The affected financial institutions are;
| S/NO | MFB | CATEGORY | STATE |
| 1 | Minji-Se Churchill MFB | Tier 1 | Rivers |
| 2 | Merchant MFB | Tier 2 | Abia |
| 3 | Janmaa MFB | Tier 1 | Kwara |
| 4 | Busu MFB | Tier 2 | Niger |
| 5 | Gold MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 6 | Zain MFB (foremerly Dawakin Tofa MFB) | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 7 | Bompai MFB | Tier 1 | Kano |
| 8 | Ajwa MFB (Formerly Gezawa) | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 9 | NOW NOW DIGITAL MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 10 | Crystabel Microfinance Bank | Tier 1 | Bayelsa |
| 11 | Chanelle MFB | State | Lagos |
| 12 | Abia SME MFB | Tier 1 | Abia |
| 13 | Kamba MFB | Tier 2 | Kebbi |
| 14 | Iwade MFB | Tier 2 | Ogun |
| 15 | Winview MFB | Tier 1 | Abuja |
| 16 | Zuru MFB | Tier 2 | Kebbi |
| 17 | Minjibir MFB | Tier 1 | Kano |
| 18 | Shanono MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 19 | Sumaila MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 20 | Rimin Gado MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 21 | Mwaghavul MFB | State | Plateau |
| 22 | Sycamore MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 23 | TOFA MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 24 | Safegate MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 25 | Creekline MFB | Delta | Tier 2 |
| 26 | Bestar MFB | Tier 1 | Oyo |
| 27 | Livingspring MFB | Tier 1 | Cross River |
| 28 | Apple MFB | Tier 2 | Ogun |
| 29 | Stanford MFB | State | Uyo |
| 30 | Frontline MFB | Tier 2 | Anambra |
| 31 | Zafec MFB | Tier 2 | Kaduna |
| 32 | Supreme MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 33 | Bejin-Doko MFB | Tier 2 | Niger |
| 34 | Kanopoly MFB | Tier 1 | Kano |
| 35 | Bellbank MFB formerly Tsanyawa | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 36 | Yeneng MFB | Tier 2 | Plateau |
| 37 | Creditville MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 38 | MBAG MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 39 | STRAIGHT SAHARA MFB | Tier 1 | Benue |
| 40 | OURPASS MFB | Tier 2 | Ondo |
| 41 | VERDANT MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 42 | BASAWA MFB | Tier 2 | Kaduna |
| 43 | CASHA MFB | Tier 2 | Abuja |
| 44 | ESTEEM MFB | Tier 2 | Kano |
| 45 | ENTERPRENEUR MFB | Tier 1 | Lagos |
| 46 | AVANTUS MFB | Tier 2 | Osun |
Banking
Merger: ProvidusUnity Bank Targets Financial Inclusion, Economic Growth
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria’s newly merged lender, ProvidusUnity Bank, says it hopes to accelerate financial inclusion, strengthen lending capacity, and support Nigeria’s economic growth.
The new bank, made up of Providus Bank and Unity Bank, is set to commence operations as a single unified institution following the successful completion of their business combination and the conclusion of all required regulatory, shareholder, and judicial processes.
A statement from the bank on Sunday stated that the newly formed entity represents a consolidated banking institution positioned to strengthen capitalisation, expand national coverage, deepen financial inclusion, and support Nigeria’s long-term economic ambitions.
The merger brings together Providus Bank’s innovation-driven, customer-centric service model and digital capabilities with Unity Bank’s extensive geographic reach and established market presence, creating a broader platform for retail, SME, and corporate banking services across the country.
The development aligns with ongoing reforms in Nigeria’s financial sector aimed at strengthening institutional resilience, safeguarding depositor confidence, improving competitiveness, and building banks capable of supporting economic transformation.
The bank expressed appreciation to the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for its role in facilitating the transaction and for its commitment to strengthening the banking system. It also acknowledged the support of shareholders, customers, employees, and other stakeholders.
ProvidusUnity Bank said the merger is expected to enhance Nigeria’s financial sector capacity to mobilise investment, support enterprise development, expand access to credit, and contribute to the country’s aspiration of building a trillion-dollar economy.
Earlier this month, the Supreme Court ordered the transfer of all assets, liabilities and undertakings, including real properties, of Unity Bank to Providus Bank in accordance with the approved Scheme of Merger. The merger between the two lenders was challenged by customers and shareholders of the affected banks, Mr Suleiman Abubakar and Mr Mohammed Goni Modu.
The apex court held that the appeal lacked merit and accordingly dismissed it in its entirety, while imposing costs of N10 million in favour of each respondent. As part of the merger arrangements, the apex court approved a consideration of N3.18 per share or 18 Providus Bank shares of 50 kobo each for every 17 Unity Bank shares held by shareholders.
For customers, the new bank said the integration will deliver expanded access, improved service delivery, stronger technology infrastructure, broader banking channels, and a wider national footprint designed to improve consistency and efficiency of services.
It added that customers should expect continuity in service in the immediate term, with gradual access to enhanced products and broader capabilities over time.
For employees, the bank said the transaction represents continuity, opportunity and stability, adding that it remains committed to retaining talent, preserving institutional knowledge and supporting career growth within the new organisation.
Banking
Union Bank Seeks Stronger Collaboration to Confront Climate Change
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The need for stronger collaboration to address climate change, advance conservation and equip young people to lead a more sustainable future has been emphasised by Union Bank.
At a symposium organised to commemorate 2026 World Environment Day in partnership with the Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF) at the Lekki Conservation Centre in Lagos, the financial institution urged businesses to match their commitments with action and pointed to the decisive role of finance in shaping a greener economy.
“As a bank that has been part of Nigeria’s story for over a century, Union Bank recognises that sustainable development and environmental responsibility must go hand in hand,” the company’s Chief Brand and Marketing Officer, Mrs Olufunmilola Aluko, stated.
“We believe businesses have a role to play not only in what they say, but also in what they do. Banks play an important role because they help determine where capital flows. The choices financial institutions make about what to fund and what to encourage help shape the kind of economy we build. This is a responsibility we take seriously at Union Bank, and it is one of the reasons gatherings like these matter to us,” she added.
In his keynote address, the Director General of NCF, Mr Joseph Daniel Onoja, framed conservation as a matter of human survival, noting that “nature has placed all the models that we need to be able to live well in it.”
“When we talk about nature conservation or environmental conservation, we’re saying human conservation because nature, Mother Earth, will always take care of herself.
“If we don’t take care of it, it will take care of itself by getting rid of us. Now, it is in our best interest to take care of the earth and learn from her, because she has provided everything we need to do so,” he further submitted.
A panel session featuring secondary school students from within and beyond Lagos brought an intergenerational dimension to the day. The students urged businesses and individuals to prioritise climate-conscious investments and cleaner energy sources, and exhibited innovations that turned waste into interior décor and clean energy.
Their work offered a vivid illustration of Sustainable Development Goal 12 on responsible consumption and production, and of the creativity a younger generation brings to the climate conversation.
This year’s World Environment Day theme, Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For Our Future, and the event, reflected a growing global consensus, captured in Sustainable Development Goal 13 on climate action and Sustainable Development Goal 17 on partnerships, that no single institution can meet the climate challenge alone.
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