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Economy

Nigeria Grows Q2 2023 Total Merchandise Trade by 5.8% to N12.74trn

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total merchandise trade

By Adedapo Adesanya

Nigeria’s total merchandise trade in the second quarter of 2023 rose slightly due to an increase in exports and imports, resulting in an improved trade balance amid headwinds.

According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), in the review period, the country’s total trade stood at N12.74 trillion, 5.8 per cent higher than the value recorded in Q1 2023, but 7.6 per cent lower than the value recorded in Q2 2022.

This is as total exports stood at N7.02 trillion while total imports amounted to N5.72 trillion, amounting to a positive trade balance of N1.3 trillion.

In the report titled Foreign Trade in Goods Statistics Q2 2023, total exports increased by 8.2 per cent when compared to the amount recorded in the first quarter of 2023 (N6.49 trillion) but declined by 5.2 per cent compared to the corresponding quarter in 2022 (N7.4 trillion).

Likewise, in the period under review, total imports increased by 2.9 per cent compared to the value recorded in the first quarter of 2023 (N5.6 trillion) but declined by 10.4 per cent when compared to the value recorded in the corresponding quarter of 2022 (N6.4 trillion).

The value of re-exports in the quarter under review stood at N91.44 billion representing 1.3 per cent of total exports.

Data available shows that the top five re-export destinations were Cameroon, Spain, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, and The Netherlands.

The most re-exported commodity was ‘Other turbines for marine propulsion with N41.24 billion, this was followed by ‘Mechanical propelled vessels for the transport of goods, gross tonnage not specified in 8901’ valued at N10.96 billion, ‘Other gas turbines not specified of a power exceeding 5,000 kW’ amounted to N6.66 billion, Other article of heading 87.84 not specified valued at N4.77 billion, and mechanically propelled vessels for the transport of goods, gross tonnage=< 500 tonnes’ valued at N4.22 billion.

The top five export destinations in Q2, 2023 were The Netherlands with N788.85 billion or 11.2 per cent, the United States of America with N718.63 billion or 10.2 per cent, Indonesia with N550.18 billion or 7.8 per cent, France with N540.73 billion or 7.7 per cent and Spain with N504.45 billion or 7.2 per cent of total exports.

Altogether, exports to the top five countries amounted to 44.23 per cent of the total value of exports. The largest export value in the second quarter of 2023 was ‘Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude’ with N5.6 trillion representing 79.6 per cent this was followed by ‘Natural gas, liquefied’ with N639.37 billion accounting for 9.1 per cent, and ‘Urea, whether or not in aqueous solution’ with N81.21 billion or 1.2 per cent of total exports.

In terms of Imports (CIF), in the second quarter of 2023, the top five partner countries origin of imports to Nigeria were China (N1.3 trillion or 22.2 per cent), the US (N921.45 billion or 16.1 per cent), Belgium (N460.43 billion or 8.0 per cent), India (N417.77 billion or 7.3 per cent) and The Netherlands (N369.69 billion or 6.5 per cent).

The values of imports from the top five countries amounted to N3.4 trillion representing a share of 60.1 per cent of total imports. While the commodities with the largest values of imported products were ‘Motor Spirit Ordinary’ (N1.2 trillion or 21.5 per cent), ‘Used Vehicles, with diesel or semi-diesel engine, of cylinder capacity >2500cc’ (N733.92 billion or 12.8 per cent and ‘Gas oil’ (N230.83 billion or 4.0 per cent.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

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Economy

UK Backs Nigeria With Two Flagship Economic Reform Programmes

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UK Nigeria

By Adedapo Adesanya

The United Kingdom via the British High Commission in Abuja has launched two flagship economic reform programmes – the Nigeria Economic Stability & Transformation (NEST) programme and the Nigeria Public Finance Facility (NPFF) -as part of efforts to support Nigeria’s economic reform and growth agenda.

Backed by a £12.4 million UK investment, NEST and NPFF sit at the centre of the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership and support Nigeria’s efforts to strengthen macroeconomic stability, improve fiscal resilience, and create a more competitive environment for investment and private-sector growth.

Speaking at the launch, Cynthia Rowe, Head of Development Cooperation at the British High Commission in Abuja, said, “These two programmes sit at the heart of our economic development cooperation with Nigeria. They reflect a shared commitment to strengthening the fundamentals that matter most for our stability, confidence, and long-term growth.”

The launch followed the inaugural meeting of the Joint UK-Nigeria Steering Committee, which endorsed the approach of both programmes and confirmed strong alignment between the UK and Nigeria on priority areas for delivery.

Representing the Government of Nigeria, Special Adviser to the President of Nigeria on Finance and the Economy, Mrs Sanyade Okoli, welcomed the collaboration, touting it as crucial to current, critical reforms.

“We welcome the United Kingdom’s support through these new programmes as a strong demonstration of our shared commitment to Nigeria’s economic stability and long-term prosperity. At a time when we are implementing critical reforms to strengthen fiscal resilience, improve macroeconomic stability, and unlock inclusive growth, this partnership will provide valuable technical support. Together, we are laying the foundation for a more resilient economy that delivers sustainable development and improved livelihoods for all Nigerians.”

On his part, Mr Jonny Baxter, British Deputy High Commissioner in Lagos, highlighted the significance of the programmes within the wider UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.

“NEST and NPFF are central to our shared approach to strengthening the foundations that underpin long-term economic prosperity. They sit firmly within the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.”

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Economy

MTN Nigeria, SMEDAN to Boost SME Digital Growth

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MTN Nigeria SMEDAN

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

A strategic partnership aimed at accelerating the growth, digital capacity, and sustainability of Nigeria’s 40 million Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) has been signed by MTN Nigeria and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN).

The collaboration will feature joint initiatives focused on digital inclusion, financial access, capacity building, and providing verified information for MSMEs.

With millions of small businesses depending on accurate guidance and easy-to-access support, MTN and SMEDAN say their shared platform will address gaps in communication, misinformation, and access to opportunities.

At the formal signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Thursday, November 27, 2025, in Lagos, the stage was set for the immediate roll-out of tools, content, and resources that will support MSMEs nationwide.

The chief operating officer of MTN Nigeria, Mr Ayham Moussa, reiterated the company’s commitment to supporting Nigeria’s economic development, stating that MSMEs are the lifeline of Nigeria’s economy.

“SMEs are the backbone of the economy and the backbone of employment in Nigeria. We are delighted to power SMEDAN’s platform and provide tools that help MSMEs reach customers, obtain funding, and access wider markets. This collaboration serves both our business and social development objectives,” he stated.

Also, the Chief Enterprise Business Officer of MTN Nigeria, Ms Lynda Saint-Nwafor, described the MoU as a tool to “meet SMEs at the point of their needs,” noting that nano, micro, small, and medium businesses each require different resources to scale.

“Some SMEs need guidance, some need resources; others need opportunities or workforce support. This platform allows them to access whatever they need. We are committed to identifying opportunities across financial inclusion, digital inclusion, and capacity building that help SMEs to scale,” she noted.

Also commenting, the Director General of SMEDAN, Mr Charles Odii, emphasised the significance of the collaboration, noting that the agency cannot meet its mandate without leveraging technology and private-sector expertise.

“We have approximately 40 million MSMEs in Nigeria, and only about 400 SMEDAN staff. We cannot fulfil our mandate without technology, data, and strong partners.

“MTN already has the infrastructure and tools to support MSMEs from payments to identity, hosting, learning, and more. With this partnership, we are confident we can achieve in a short time what would have taken years,” he disclosed.

Mr Odii highlighted that the SMEDAN-MTN collaboration would support businesses across their growth needs, guided by their four-point GROW model – Guidance, Resources, Opportunities, and Workforce Development.

He added that SMEDAN has already created over 100,000 jobs within its two-year administration and expects the partnership to significantly boost job creation, business expansion, and nationwide enterprise modernisation.

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Economy

NGX Seeks Suspension of New Capital Gains Tax

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capital gains tax

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited is seeking review of the controversial Capital Gains Tax increase, fearing it will chase away foreign investors from the country’s capital market.

Nigeria’s new tax regime, which takes effect from January 1, 2026, represents one of the most significant changes to Nigeria’s tax system in recent years.

Under the new rules, the flat 10 per cent Capital Gains Tax rate has been replaced by progressive income tax rates ranging from zero to 30 per cent, depending on an investor’s overall income or profit level while large corporate investors will see the top rate reduced to 25 per cent as part of a wider corporate tax reform.

The chief executive of NGX, Mr Jude Chiemeka, said in a Bloomberg interview in Kigali, Rwanda that there should be a “removal of the capital gains tax completely, or perhaps deferring it for five years.”

According to him, Nigeria, having a higher Capital Gains Tax, will make investors redirect asset allocation to frontier markets and “countries that have less tax.”

“From a capital flow perspective, we should be concerned because all these international portfolio managers that invest across frontier markets will certainly go to where the cost of investing is not so burdensome,” the CEO said, as per Bloomberg. “That is really the angle one will look at it from.”

Meanwhile, the policy has been defended by the chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, who noted that the new tax will make investing in the capital market more attractive by reducing risks, promoting fairness, and simplifying compliance.

He noted that the framework allows investors to deduct legitimate costs such as brokerage fees, regulatory charges, realised capital losses, margin interest, and foreign exchange losses directly tied to investments, thereby ensuring that they are not taxed when operating at a loss.

Mr Oyedele  also said the reforms introduced a more inclusive approach to taxation by exempting several categories of investors and transactions.

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