Economy
Nigerians Defy Central Bank, Flock to Bitcoin
By: Gerelyn Terzo of Sharemoney
Bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency, has seen its value balloon by more than 100% year-to-date, soaring to an all-time high of more than USD 60,000.
Nigerians, many of whom are battling poverty, would be hard-pressed to miss out on those gains. This is especially true considering that the unemployment rate in the most populous African nation was 33.3% as of last quarter, with more than 23 million Nigerians out of work.
Enter bitcoin, which has been a safe-haven investment as well as a faster and cheaper payment method for the growing segment of the population that is catching on.
In fact, Nigeria last year rose to the top of the heap for bitcoin trading at $400 million in volume, surpassing transactional volume in nearly every other jurisdiction — with the exception of the United States and Russia — as traditional asset classes lose their appeal in comparison and the local currency, the naira, remains under pressure.
Nearly one-third of Nigerians who participated in a Statista poll said that they used or owned cryptocurrencies, more than any other country represented in the survey.
Source: Statista
Nigeria also stands out in all of Africa, as the top peer-to-peer bitcoin trading nation on the continent based on bitcoin trading volume.
Nigeria’s P2P BTC trading volume surpassed USD 99 million in the first quarter of 2021. Kenya is a distant second at $34.8 million followed by Ghana and South Africa at $27.4 million and $25.8 million, respectively.
Source: Business Insider/Useful Tulips
The robust bitcoin trading activity in Nigeria has earned the country the title of Africa’s Bitcoin Nation. A 27-year-old Nigerian office worker who was spotlighted by the AFP, Chigoziri Okeke, described how he first invested in cryptocurrencies five years ago with the intention of just making a payment.
When his crypto wallet’s value increased by 10% in a few short days, however, he was hooked and started directing a percentage of his salary toward the market. Today, this investor’s crypto portfolio is worth USD 50,000, comprising various digital assets.
In addition, Google searches of bitcoin in Nigeria surpass that of any other jurisdiction, according to Nairametrics.com. Bitcoin appeals especially to the West African nation’s millennial generation, who are looking to the flagship cryptocurrency as a store-of-value asset as well as a way to circumvent the hoops they must jump through to open a traditional investment account.
With the bitcoin price most recently hovering at USD 60,000, Nigerians have reason to be excited. At this price, one bitcoin could reportedly buy someone a three-bedroom apartment in Lagos’ Ajah neighbourhood.
Unstable Fiat Currency
A big part of bitcoin’s popularity is due to Nigeria’s unstable naira. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has drawn a line in the sand, stating that Nigeria’s fiat currency is “overvalued” by more than 18%. The IMF wants Nigeria to devalue its fiat currency, but the African nation’s government has said no way.
Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari blames “global outflows” triggered by COVID-19 for the unstable naira and believes that devaluing it further after doing so twice in 2020 would only exacerbate the already sky-high inflation rate, which is currently in the double-digits at more than 17%. This would weaken Nigerians’ purchasing power even more. Nigeria’s central bank slashed the naira’s value by close to one-quarter last year.
Meanwhile, not only has bitcoin been generating returns hand over fist, but it has also been thrust into the global spotlight amid the SARS-related protests in Nigeria.
According to reports, Nigeria thwarted financial payments toward police brutality protests, which only led the supporters to donate bitcoin instead. Twitter and Square CEO Jack Dorsey backed this movement, which only brought more attention to the country and cryptocurrencies.
Source: CoinGecko/TradingView
Mixed Signals
Nigeria’s central bank has been highly critical of bitcoin, warning as recently as February that “cryptocurrencies are largely speculative, anonymous and untraceable.”
Nonetheless, the Central Bank of Nigeria can’t stop the population from accessing the flagship cryptocurrency, thanks to the peer-to-peer nature of bitcoin, which was inherently designed to circumvent third-party service providers like banks.
Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto, whose real identity remains a mystery, defined the first cryptocurrency in the whitepaper, which was published in 2008, saying:
“A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution.”
The Central Bank of Nigeria has since backtracked from its remarks slightly, maintaining that it has not placed a blanket ban on cryptocurrency trading. It is a tangled web, however. The central bank instead said that it is doubling down on a 2017 law that bans institutions supporting cryptocurrency transactions.
Even though institutions might be banned from supporting cryptocurrency trading, individuals are still free to trade them. The central bank is sending mixed signals, to say the least, as local banks were instructed by the central bank to refrain from doing business with customers who transact in cryptocurrencies.
“The CBN did not place restrictions from use of…cryptocurrencies and we are not discouraging people from trading in it. What we have just done was to prohibit transactions on cryptocurrencies in the banking sector,” stated Adamu Lamtek, according to Decrypt, citing Today NG.
Since the restrictions were imposed on Nigeria’s crypto trading industry, rather than disappearing, the industry has flexed its muscle for its nimble nature. In a few short months, they have been quick to build P2P exchanges that circumvent the crypto ban on financial institutions.
The restrictions have funnelled more activity to over-the-counter (OTC) venues while a makeshift P2P market is similarly expanding. Danny Oyekan, the founder of global social payments application Coins App, is cited by Decrypt as saying,
“So basically, the ban only forced the fiat channels underground.”
Source: Twitter
In Nigeria, cryptocurrencies are regulated by the country’s own Securities and Exchange Commission, which last year stated that it would classify cryptocurrencies as securities unless they are proven otherwise by the asset’s issuer or sponsor. In February, Nigeria’s SEC said that crypto regulation was going to be placed on the back-burner amid the central bank’s crypto crackdown.
Despite the uncertainty, Nigerians are showing no signs of relenting in their pursuit to own bitcoin and are increasingly relying on P2P trading platforms to do just that.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange fell by 1.60 per cent on Tuesday, July 28, as investors booked profit from some of the best-performing stocks in the last trading sessions.
Investor sentiment was weak yesterday, after the bourse finished with three price losers and two price gainers.
FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria lost N14.80 during the session to sell for N135.00 per unit compared with the previous session’s N149.80 per unit, Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc slid by N3.72 to sell at N89.91 per share versus N93.63 per share, and MRS Oil Plc declined by 50 Kobo to N148.00 per unit from N148.50 per unit.
On the flip side, Okitipupa Plc appreciated by N9.57 to quote at N257.57 per share versus Monday’s price of N248.00 per share, and Afriland Properties Plc grew by 89 Kobo to N19.90 per unit from N19.01 per unit.
At the close of business, the market capitalisation of the trading platform went down by N41.69 billion to N2.564 trillion from N2.606 trillion, and the NASD Security Index (NSI) dipped by 69.45 points to 4,273.15 points from 4,342.60 points.
Yesterday, the volume of securities traded by investors surged by 1,000.7 per cent to 6.7 million units from 604,565 units, the value of securities soared by 337.3 per cent to N85.8 million from the preceding session’s N19.6 million, and the number of deals rose by 54.6 per cent to 51 deals from 33 deals.
On a year-to-date basis, Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc ended the day as the most traded stock by value, with a turnover of 3.4 billion units valued at N8.4 billion, followed by Infrastructure Credit Guarantee (Infracredit) Plc with 2.3 billion units sold for N6.5 billion, and CSCS Plc with 75.9 million units exchanged for N5.4 billion.
GNI Plc was also the traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis, with 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, followed by Infracredit Plc with 2.3 billion units transacted for N6.5 billion, and Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units traded for N415.7 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Naira slid against the US Dollar by N3.32 or 0.24 per cent in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) on Tuesday, July 28, to exchange at N1,365.53/$1 compared with the previous day’s N1,362.21/$1.
Equally, the local currency went south against the Pound Sterling in the official market yesterday by N2.38 to close at N1,816.43/£1 versus Monday’s closing price of N1,814.05/£1, and against the Euro, it depleted by N2.69 to trade at N1,552.88/€1, in contrast to the preceding session’s N1,550.19/€1.
However, the Nigerian Naira appreciated against the United States Dollar at the GTbank FX desk by N2 during the session to sell for N1,370/$1 compared with the preceding day’s N1,372/$1, and at the parallel market, it remained unchanged at N1,400/$1.
The country’s external reserves declined after the FX injections by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) at the currency market last week.
Interbank FX turnover rose sharply on the day to $102.954 million on Tuesday, reflecting a 160 per cent surge from $39.587 million recorded during the previous trading session.
Driving the huge US Dollar volume turnover on Tuesday, the apex bank reported that the number of FX deals at the interbank market advanced to 121 from 55.
In the cryptocurrency market, coins were largely insulated despite recent tech stock routs, which suggests its tight correlation with AI-linked equities may be weakening, even as regulatory uncertainty and upcoming Federal Reserve and economic data loom over markets.
There is uncertainty about the US Federal Reserve rate decision due on Wednesday, as most observers expect the bank to keep rates unchanged, while some expect a hike in borrowing costs.
Cardano (ADA) appreciated by 4.5 per cent to $0.1639, Ripple (XRP) grew by 2.6 per cent to $1.08, Ethereum (ETH) rose by 1.7 per cent to $1,917.05, Bitcoin (BTC) got a 1.4 per cent lift to sell at $64,374.04, and Binance Coin (BNB) expanded by 0.9 per cent to $570.27.
Further, Solana (SOL) improved by 0.8 per cent to $73.93, Dogecoin (DOGE) climbed higher by 0.6 per cent to $0.0707, and TRON (TRX) advanced by 0.3 per cent to $0.3255, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) traded flat at $1.00 apiece.
By Dipo Olowookere
Renewed buying pressure revived the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited by 0.50 per cent on Tuesday, reversing the previous day’s loss.
Interest in Nigerian equities slightly rose during the trading day, with the volume of transactions up by 6.10 per cent to 676.9 million units from the preceding session’s 638.0 million units.
However, the value of trades slumped by 36.36 per cent to N36.4 billion from N57.2 billion, and the number of deals decreased by 22.22 per cent to 55,412 deals from Monday’s 71,240 deals.
Access Holdings led the activity chart yesterday, with a turnover of 87.5 million shares worth N2.4 billion. FCMB traded 68.7 million stocks valued at N810.6 million, Chams sold 31.0 million equities for N148.8 million, United Capital transacted 29.7 million shares valued at N537.5 million, and Zenith Bank traded 26.5 million stocks worth N3.4 billion.
On Tuesday, there were 36 price gainers and 23 price losers, indicating a positive market breadth index and strong investor sentiment.
Lasaco Assurance led the advancers’ chart after it chalked up 10.00 per cent to trade at N2.20, Linkage Assurance appreciated by 9.93 per cent to N1.66, Trans-Nationwide Express also gained 9.93 per cent to quote at N3.10, Sunu Assurances rose by 9.88 per cent to N3.56, and CMFC grew by 9.86 per cent to N3.79.
The laggards’ group was led by Meyer, which shrank by 9.97 per cent to N16.70. Mecure slipped by 9.94 per cent to N56.20, ABC Transport crumbled by 9.93 per cent to N6.35, C&I Leasing crashed by 8.66 per cent to N5.80, and Haldane McCall dipped by 8.21 per cent to N3.02.
Business Post reports that the All-Share Index (ASI) went up by 745.81 points to 247,984.55 points from 247,238.74 points, and the market capitalisation increased by N482 billion to N159.993 trillion from N159.511 trillion.
