Economy
Nigerians Defy Central Bank, Flock to Bitcoin
By: Gerelyn Terzo of Sharemoney
Bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency, has seen its value balloon by more than 100% year-to-date, soaring to an all-time high of more than USD 60,000.
Nigerians, many of whom are battling poverty, would be hard-pressed to miss out on those gains. This is especially true considering that the unemployment rate in the most populous African nation was 33.3% as of last quarter, with more than 23 million Nigerians out of work.
Enter bitcoin, which has been a safe-haven investment as well as a faster and cheaper payment method for the growing segment of the population that is catching on.
In fact, Nigeria last year rose to the top of the heap for bitcoin trading at $400 million in volume, surpassing transactional volume in nearly every other jurisdiction — with the exception of the United States and Russia — as traditional asset classes lose their appeal in comparison and the local currency, the naira, remains under pressure.
Nearly one-third of Nigerians who participated in a Statista poll said that they used or owned cryptocurrencies, more than any other country represented in the survey.
Source: Statista
Nigeria also stands out in all of Africa, as the top peer-to-peer bitcoin trading nation on the continent based on bitcoin trading volume.
Nigeria’s P2P BTC trading volume surpassed USD 99 million in the first quarter of 2021. Kenya is a distant second at $34.8 million followed by Ghana and South Africa at $27.4 million and $25.8 million, respectively.
Source: Business Insider/Useful Tulips
The robust bitcoin trading activity in Nigeria has earned the country the title of Africa’s Bitcoin Nation. A 27-year-old Nigerian office worker who was spotlighted by the AFP, Chigoziri Okeke, described how he first invested in cryptocurrencies five years ago with the intention of just making a payment.
When his crypto wallet’s value increased by 10% in a few short days, however, he was hooked and started directing a percentage of his salary toward the market. Today, this investor’s crypto portfolio is worth USD 50,000, comprising various digital assets.
In addition, Google searches of bitcoin in Nigeria surpass that of any other jurisdiction, according to Nairametrics.com. Bitcoin appeals especially to the West African nation’s millennial generation, who are looking to the flagship cryptocurrency as a store-of-value asset as well as a way to circumvent the hoops they must jump through to open a traditional investment account.
With the bitcoin price most recently hovering at USD 60,000, Nigerians have reason to be excited. At this price, one bitcoin could reportedly buy someone a three-bedroom apartment in Lagos’ Ajah neighbourhood.
Unstable Fiat Currency
A big part of bitcoin’s popularity is due to Nigeria’s unstable naira. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has drawn a line in the sand, stating that Nigeria’s fiat currency is “overvalued” by more than 18%. The IMF wants Nigeria to devalue its fiat currency, but the African nation’s government has said no way.
Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari blames “global outflows” triggered by COVID-19 for the unstable naira and believes that devaluing it further after doing so twice in 2020 would only exacerbate the already sky-high inflation rate, which is currently in the double-digits at more than 17%. This would weaken Nigerians’ purchasing power even more. Nigeria’s central bank slashed the naira’s value by close to one-quarter last year.
Meanwhile, not only has bitcoin been generating returns hand over fist, but it has also been thrust into the global spotlight amid the SARS-related protests in Nigeria.
According to reports, Nigeria thwarted financial payments toward police brutality protests, which only led the supporters to donate bitcoin instead. Twitter and Square CEO Jack Dorsey backed this movement, which only brought more attention to the country and cryptocurrencies.
Source: CoinGecko/TradingView
Mixed Signals
Nigeria’s central bank has been highly critical of bitcoin, warning as recently as February that “cryptocurrencies are largely speculative, anonymous and untraceable.”
Nonetheless, the Central Bank of Nigeria can’t stop the population from accessing the flagship cryptocurrency, thanks to the peer-to-peer nature of bitcoin, which was inherently designed to circumvent third-party service providers like banks.
Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto, whose real identity remains a mystery, defined the first cryptocurrency in the whitepaper, which was published in 2008, saying:
“A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution.”
The Central Bank of Nigeria has since backtracked from its remarks slightly, maintaining that it has not placed a blanket ban on cryptocurrency trading. It is a tangled web, however. The central bank instead said that it is doubling down on a 2017 law that bans institutions supporting cryptocurrency transactions.
Even though institutions might be banned from supporting cryptocurrency trading, individuals are still free to trade them. The central bank is sending mixed signals, to say the least, as local banks were instructed by the central bank to refrain from doing business with customers who transact in cryptocurrencies.
“The CBN did not place restrictions from use of…cryptocurrencies and we are not discouraging people from trading in it. What we have just done was to prohibit transactions on cryptocurrencies in the banking sector,” stated Adamu Lamtek, according to Decrypt, citing Today NG.
Since the restrictions were imposed on Nigeria’s crypto trading industry, rather than disappearing, the industry has flexed its muscle for its nimble nature. In a few short months, they have been quick to build P2P exchanges that circumvent the crypto ban on financial institutions.
The restrictions have funnelled more activity to over-the-counter (OTC) venues while a makeshift P2P market is similarly expanding. Danny Oyekan, the founder of global social payments application Coins App, is cited by Decrypt as saying,
“So basically, the ban only forced the fiat channels underground.”
Source: Twitter
In Nigeria, cryptocurrencies are regulated by the country’s own Securities and Exchange Commission, which last year stated that it would classify cryptocurrencies as securities unless they are proven otherwise by the asset’s issuer or sponsor. In February, Nigeria’s SEC said that crypto regulation was going to be placed on the back-burner amid the central bank’s crypto crackdown.
Despite the uncertainty, Nigerians are showing no signs of relenting in their pursuit to own bitcoin and are increasingly relying on P2P trading platforms to do just that.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange made a marginal 0.01 per cent rise on Tuesday, April 29, pushing the Unlisted Security Index (NSI) up by 0.29 points to 3,282.42 points from the previous session’s 3,282.42 points.
Also, the market capitalisation of the trading platform increased slightly by N170 million to remain relatively unchanged at N1.922 trillion.
At the trading session, the bourse ended with two price gainers led by Geo-Fluids Plc, which chalked up 15 Kobo to sell at N2.13 per unit compared with the previous day’s N1.98 per unit, and Food Concepts Plc grew by 13 Kobo to settle at N1.29 per share compared with the N1.17 per share it was traded a day earlier.
However, Afriland Properties Plc lost N1.71 to close at N16.07 per unit versus the preceding day’s price of N17.78 per unit, and FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc crumbled by 65 Kobo to finish at N37.50 per share, in contrast to Monday’s closing value of N38.15 per share.
The volume of securities traded in the session went up by 223.6 per cent to 2.2 million units from the 692,885 units transacted in the previous trading day, the value of transactions jumped by 70.8 per cent to N38.6 million from N22.6 million, while the number of deals fell by 18.4 per cent to 31 deals from 38 deals.
Impresit Bakolori Plc remained the most active stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with 533.9 million units worth N520.9 million, followed by Okitipupa Plc with 153.6 million units sold for N4.9 billion, and Industrial and General Insurance (IGI) Plc with a turnover of 71.2 million units valued at N24.2 million.
The most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis was Okitipupa Plc with a turnover of 153.6 million worth N4.9 billion, trailed by FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc with the sale of 14.7 million units for N566.9 million, and Impresit Bakolori Plc 533.9 million units valued at N520.9 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Naira marginally appreciated against the United States Dollar in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) on Friday, April 11.
Data obtained by Business Post from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) showed that the exchange rate closed at N1,601.04/$1 during the trading session compared with the previous day’s value of N1,601.38/$1, indicating that the Nigerian currency improved its value by 0.08 per cent or 34 Kobo against the greenback.
Also, against the Pound Sterling, the local currency appreciated yesterday by N5.57 to sell for N2,145.85/£1 versus Monday’s closing price of N2,186.65/£1 but against the Euro, it lost N5.00 to trade at N1,823.82/€1, in contrast to the N1,818.82/€1 it was exchanged a day earlier.
At the parallel market, the Nigerian Naira maintained stability against the US Dollar on Tuesday, remaining unchanged at N1,610/$1.
Meanwhile, the cryptocurrency market turned bearish yesterday after a wave of economic data suggests the US economic activity is slowing down due to the tariffs policies unleashed by the administration of President Donald Trump.
Consumer confidence, according to a survey by the Conference Board, is currently at its lowest level since May 2020, a period when the world was on lockdown.
However, there are evidence that negotiation of trade deals with other countries, could offer support.
Dogecoin (DOGE) depleted by 3.3 per cent to sell at $0.1740, Ripple (XRP) lost 2.6 per cent to quote at $2.22, Cardano slumped by 2.4 per cent to trade at $0.6955, Litecoin (LTC) went down by 1.9 per cent to finish at $84.89, and Solana (SOL) recorded a 1.4 per cent depreciation to close at $146.55.
Further, Ethereum (ETH) declined by 1.3 per cent to end at $1,779.01, Binance Coin (BNB) crumbled by 1.2 per cent to settle at $603.30, and Bitcoin (BTC) slipped by 0.2 per cent to trade at $94,682.75, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) remained unchanged at $1.00 each.
By Dipo Olowookere
An additional N11.49 billion has been recovered by the House of Representatives Committee on Public Accounts from some oil companies operating in Nigeria.
A statement signed by the spokesman of the lower chamber of the National Assembly, Mr Akin Rotimi, said the total amount recovered from these energy firms is now N61.5 billion.
He stated that the recovered funds were from oil and gas companies with outstanding obligations to the federal government.
It was revealed that $182,057.44 (N291.29 million) was recovered from Platform Petroleum Limited, $730,889.37 (N1.17 billion) was from Midwestern Oil and Gas, N1.58 billion from Seplat Energy, $3.9 million (N6.1 billion) from Aradel Holdings, $500,000 (N775 million)
From Network Exploration & Production, and $1 million (N1.55 billion) from Shoreline Resources Limited.
According to the statement, the committee’s intensified efforts are anchored on findings from the Auditor-General’s reports and data obtained from the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC).
These have informed sustained engagements with oil firms to ensure accountability for unremitted funds and outstanding liabilities.
The legislative arm of government also warned some organisations ignoring invitations to desist from such.
It said these defaulting firms collectively owe over $384 million and N325.7 million to the federal government, listing them as Neconde Energy Ltd – $110.5 million and N325.7 million, Heirs Holdings – $137.7 million, AITEO Ltd – $34.8 million, Continental Oil & Gas Ltd – $31 million, General Hydrocarbon – $28.4 million, Energia Ltd – $19.5 million, Waltersmith OML 16 – $8.7 million, Bilton – $5 million, Pillar Oil Ltd – $4.6 million, Millennium Oil and Gas Ltd – $2.067 million, Conoil Producing Ltd – $1.1 million, and Frontier OML 13 – $952,216.51.
“This Committee will not tolerate attempts by corporate entities to evade their responsibility to the Nigerian people.
“These companies are withholding billions of Naira owed to the federal government, and we will not allow them to disregard the authority of parliament.
“If these companies believe they are too big to be held accountable, they must understand that their licenses are at risk.
“We are prepared to recommend immediate revocation for any company that shows contempt for this Committee and the laws of the nation,” the chairman of the panel, Mr Bamidele Salam, fumed.
“No company is above the law. The funds being withheld are critical to the country’s growth and must not be hoarded while Nigeria suffers. Every company operating in Nigeria must settle its obligations promptly, as required by law,” he declared.
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