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Oil Mixed as Chinese Demand Improves, US Interest Rate Cut Remains Unclear

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Brazilian Crude Oil

By Adedapo Adesanya

The oil market was mixed on Monday amid hopes of stronger demand backed by higher factory activity in China as concerns emerged that the US Federal Reserve would not cut interest rates again at its December meeting.

Yesterday, Brent crude futures depreciated by 1 cent to trade at $71.83 a barrel, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude rose by 10 cents or 0.15 per cent to $68.10 per barrel.

New data showed China’s factory activity expanded in November at the fastest pace in five months as the Caixin/S&P Global manufacturing PMI rose to 51.5 in November from 50.3 the previous month, the highest since June.

This boosted Chinese business optimism after US President-elect Donald Trump pledged an additional 10 per cent tariff on imports from China.

He had previously threatened to end China’s most-favoured-nation trading status and slap tariffs on Chinese imports as high as 60 per cent, which is much higher than those imposed during his first term.

On the geopolitical front, a ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon, which took effect last Wednesday, appeared to be shaky as it has not halted fighting.

Israel said on Monday that it was currently striking terror targets in Lebanon amid mutual accusations of ceasefire violations between Israel and the Lebanese armed group Hezbollah.

Meanwhile, the US, which was instrumental in the deal said the ceasefire between Israel and Lebanese armed group Hezbollah was holding.

Traders also watched developments in Syria, weighing whether recent escalation could widen tensions across the Middle East and affect supply.

Rebels linked to Al-Qaeda took some territories in the high-conflict country over the weekend, and this has added to more worries about the stability of the Middle East region. This may trigger another spate of crises after years of civil war in the country.

The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, together known as OPEC+, postponed the group’s next meeting to December 5.

The meeting will discuss delaying a planned oil output increase scheduled to start in January.

Market analysts noted that attention will be on the potential delay of the planned production hike, as an indefinite delay could alleviate downward pressure on prices.

This Thursday’s meeting will decide policy for the early months of 2025.

There are also signals that the US may decide not to cut interest rates again at the Federal Reserve’s December meeting, with upcoming data on jobs important in shaping the decision.

Higher interest rates increase the cost of borrowing, which can slow economic activity and dampen demand for oil.

Pressure also came as the Dollar strengthened after Mr Trump on Saturday threatened 100 per cent tariffs on BRICS member countries if they create a new currency or support another currency that could replace the Dollar in trade.

A stronger greenback makes Dollar-denominated oil more expensive for investors holding other currencies, hurting demand.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

Economy

Insurance Firms Must Submit 2025 Assessment Returns by May 31—NAICOM

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NAICOM Conplaint Management Portal

By Adedapo Adesanya

The National Insurance Commission has issued new guidelines for the collection, management, and administration of the Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Fund.

In a circular issued to all insurance institutions on Tuesday, the regulator also set May 31, 2026, as the deadline for insurers to submit their assessment returns for the 2025 financial year.

Recall that on August
 5, 2025, 
President Bola Tinubu signed
 into 
law
 the 
Nigerian 
Insurance 
Industry Reform 
Act (
NIIRA
2025).


This 
landmark legislation 
repeals 
the 
Insurance 
Act 
2003, 
and
 consolidates 
related 
provisions, 
ushering 
in 
a 
modern regulatory framework. It lays a strong foundation for sustainable growth and increased investment in the country’s insurance sector.

The commission said the guidelines were issued in exercise of its powers under the 2025 Act and other existing insurance laws and regulations to provide regulatory clarity, improve guidance, and ensure ease of compliance across the industry.

According to NAICOM, the guidelines establish a comprehensive structure for the operation of the IPPF, which serves as a statutory safety net to protect insurance policyholders in the event of distress or insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer. The framework also provides direction on the reimbursement of loans by insurers and reinsurers.

NAICOM stated, “The guidelines ensure regulatory clarity, guidance and ease of compliance, as it provides a comprehensive regulatory framework for the collection, management, and administration of the Fund, which serves as a statutory safety net designed to protect insurance policyholders against distress and insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer, including guidance for the reimbursement of loans by an insurer or reinsurer.

“Please be informed that the IPPF Assessment Returns in respect of the year 2025 shall be submitted to the Commission not later than 31st May 2026, while subsequent submissions shall be in line with Section 4.3 of the Guideline on Insurance Policyholders Protection Fund.”

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Economy

Dangote Refinery Sells Petrol at N1,200/L as Global Oil Prices Slump

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Dangote refinery import petrol

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Dangote Refinery on Wednesday returned the petrol price to N1,200 per litre, less than 24 hours after it increased it by 5 per cent.

The private refinery had raised the ex-depot price by N75 on Tuesday, citing pressure from volatile global oil markets, but quickly brought it back to N1,200 per litre from N1,275 per litre.

The swift downward review is directly linked to a sharp drop in international crude prices. Brent crude has plunged to $95.05 per barrel, after a 13 per cent decline, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude closed at $97.18, recording nearly a 14 per cent drop.

This development comes after US President Donald Trump announced a conditional two-week ceasefire with Iran, which eased fears of immediate supply disruptions in the global oil market.

“This will be a double-sided CEASEFIRE!” Trump said on social media, marking a sharp reversal from his earlier warning that “a whole civilisation will die tonight” if Iran failed to comply with US demands.

Iran’s Foreign Minister, Mr Abbas Araqchi, confirmed that the country would halt attacks provided strikes against Iran cease and transit through the Strait of Hormuz is coordinated by Iranian forces.

Despite the breakthrough, tensions remain elevated across the region, with several Gulf states reporting missile launches, drone activity, or issuing civil defence warnings.

While oil prices have fallen back below $100, they remain significantly elevated after surging by a record amount in March. Market analysts noted that regardless of how successful the ceasefire is, geopolitical risk related to the Strait of Hormuz is likely to remain elevated for the foreseeable future under the control of Iran.

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Economy

Crude Deliveries Double to Dangote Refinery in Mix of Naira, Dollar Supply

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Dangote refinery petrol

By Adedapo Adesanya

Crude oil deliveries from the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited to the Dangote Petroleum Refinery doubled in March, boosting prospects for improved fuel availability.

This was revealed by the chief executive of Dangote Industries Limited, Mr Aliko Dangote, on Tuesday, when he received the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mrs Amina Mohammed, at the industrial complex in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos.

While speaking on feedstock supply, Mr Dangote commended the NNPC for increasing crude deliveries to the refinery in March, noting that volumes rose to 10 cargoes—six supplied in Naira and four in Dollars—to support domestic fuel availability, according to a statement by the Refinery.

“Last month, they gave us six cargoes for Naira and four cargoes for Dollars,” he said.

Despite the improvement, Mr Dangote noted that the supply remains below the 19 cargoes required for optimal operations, with the refinery continuing to bridge the gap through imports from the United States and other African producers.

He also expressed concern over the unwillingness of international oil companies operating in Nigeria to sell to the refinery, stating that their preference for selling crude to traders forces it to repurchase at higher costs, with broader implications for the economy.

Mr Dangote added that the refinery is seeking increased access to domestically priced crude under local currency arrangements as part of efforts to moderate fuel costs and enhance long-term energy and food security across the continent.

On her part, Mrs Mohammed underscored the strategic importance of Dangote Industries Limited -particularly Dangote Fertiliser Limited—in addressing Africa’s mounting food security challenges, while calling for stronger global partnerships to scale its impact.

Mrs Mohammed said the United Nations would prioritise amplifying scalable solutions capable of mitigating the continent’s food crisis, describing Dangote’s integrated industrial model as a critical pathway.

“I think the UN’s job here is to amplify and to put visibility on the possibilities of mitigating a food security crisis, and this is one of them,” she said. “I hope that when we go back, we can continue to engage partners and countries that should collaborate with Dangote Industries.”

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