Economy
Mastering the Markets: How to Trade Forex with Popular Currency Pairs
Forex trading, also known as foreign exchange trading or currency trading, is the act of buying and selling currencies on the financial market. Understanding how to trade forex requires an appreciation of the various components that make up this vast market – particularly the currency pairs that are most commonly traded.
The forex market is the largest financial market in the world, and it operates 24 hours a day, five days a week, facilitating currency trades that span from New York to Sydney, Tokyo to London. When considering how to trade forex, one of the first concepts to grasp is that of currency pairs. These pairs represent the valuation of one currency against another and are categorized into majors, minors, and exotics.
The most popular currency pairs – known as the ‘majors’ – comprise a significant portion of global forex trading. They are liquid, widely traded, and include currencies from the world’s most stable and robust economies. These pairs include:
- EUR/USD (Euro/US Dollar)
- USD/JPY (US Dollar/Japanese Yen)
- GBP/USD (British Pound/US Dollar)
- AUD/USD (Australian Dollar/US Dollar)
- USD/CAD (US Dollar/Canadian Dollar)
- USD/CHF (US Dollar/Swiss Franc)
- NZD/USD (New Zealand Dollar/US Dollar)
The allure of trading the majors lies in their predictability and the abundant market information available. They often have narrower spreads compared to other pairs, which means the cost of entry is lower for traders. Additionally, because the economies behind these currencies are generally more stable, the majors tend to exhibit less volatility, making them attractive to both novice and experienced traders.
When exploring how to trade forex, one should also consider the ‘cross currency pairs’ or ‘minors,’ which do not include the US dollar. Pairs like EUR/GBP (Euro/British Pound), AUD/JPY (Australian Dollar/Japanese Yen), and EUR/AUD (Euro/Australian Dollar) offer traders a range of opportunities but can carry more risk due to higher volatility and wider spreads.
Beyond the majors and minors are the ‘exotic’ pairs, which typically pair a major currency with a currency from an emerging economy or a smaller market, like USD/SGD (US Dollar/Singapore Dollar) or USD/NOK (US Dollar/Norwegian Krone). These pairs are less liquid and can be subject to larger spreads and more abrupt price movements.
For those learning how to trade forex, starting with the majors is advisable due to their liquidity and the wealth of economic data that influences their movements. Factors such as interest rates, political stability, and economic performance can impact currency values, so traders must stay informed about global economic events.
Technical and fundamental analysis are two strategies commonly used when trading forex. Technical analysis involves studying charts and patterns to make trading decisions, while fundamental analysis looks at economic indicators, news, and reports to predict price movements.
The forex market offers high leverage, which means traders can control a large position with a relatively small amount of capital. However, this also increases the potential for higher gains as well as higher losses, which is why risk management is a critical aspect of forex trading.
Forex trading platforms have made it easier than ever to engage with the market. With a computer or smartphone, traders can access the market from anywhere, using a variety of tools to analyze and execute trades. Most platforms offer demo accounts, allowing individuals to practice how to trade forex without risking real money.
For novices interested in how to trade forex, it’s important to begin with education. Many online courses, webinars, and books are available to help understand market analysis, risk management, and trading psychology. It is also wise to start trading on a demo account to build skills without financial risk.
In summary, trading forex involves buying and selling currency pairs, with the majors being the most popular due to their stability and liquidity. Success in forex trading comes from a combination of market knowledge, analysis, and prudent risk management. With dedication and the right education, traders can navigate the forex market and potentially benefit from the opportunities it offers.
Economy
UK Backs Nigeria With Two Flagship Economic Reform Programmes
By Adedapo Adesanya
The United Kingdom via the British High Commission in Abuja has launched two flagship economic reform programmes – the Nigeria Economic Stability & Transformation (NEST) programme and the Nigeria Public Finance Facility (NPFF) -as part of efforts to support Nigeria’s economic reform and growth agenda.
Backed by a £12.4 million UK investment, NEST and NPFF sit at the centre of the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership and support Nigeria’s efforts to strengthen macroeconomic stability, improve fiscal resilience, and create a more competitive environment for investment and private-sector growth.
Speaking at the launch, Cynthia Rowe, Head of Development Cooperation at the British High Commission in Abuja, said, “These two programmes sit at the heart of our economic development cooperation with Nigeria. They reflect a shared commitment to strengthening the fundamentals that matter most for our stability, confidence, and long-term growth.”
The launch followed the inaugural meeting of the Joint UK-Nigeria Steering Committee, which endorsed the approach of both programmes and confirmed strong alignment between the UK and Nigeria on priority areas for delivery.
Representing the Government of Nigeria, Special Adviser to the President of Nigeria on Finance and the Economy, Mrs Sanyade Okoli, welcomed the collaboration, touting it as crucial to current, critical reforms.
“We welcome the United Kingdom’s support through these new programmes as a strong demonstration of our shared commitment to Nigeria’s economic stability and long-term prosperity. At a time when we are implementing critical reforms to strengthen fiscal resilience, improve macroeconomic stability, and unlock inclusive growth, this partnership will provide valuable technical support. Together, we are laying the foundation for a more resilient economy that delivers sustainable development and improved livelihoods for all Nigerians.”
On his part, Mr Jonny Baxter, British Deputy High Commissioner in Lagos, highlighted the significance of the programmes within the wider UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.
“NEST and NPFF are central to our shared approach to strengthening the foundations that underpin long-term economic prosperity. They sit firmly within the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.”
Economy
MTN Nigeria, SMEDAN to Boost SME Digital Growth
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
A strategic partnership aimed at accelerating the growth, digital capacity, and sustainability of Nigeria’s 40 million Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) has been signed by MTN Nigeria and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN).
The collaboration will feature joint initiatives focused on digital inclusion, financial access, capacity building, and providing verified information for MSMEs.
With millions of small businesses depending on accurate guidance and easy-to-access support, MTN and SMEDAN say their shared platform will address gaps in communication, misinformation, and access to opportunities.
At the formal signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Thursday, November 27, 2025, in Lagos, the stage was set for the immediate roll-out of tools, content, and resources that will support MSMEs nationwide.
The chief operating officer of MTN Nigeria, Mr Ayham Moussa, reiterated the company’s commitment to supporting Nigeria’s economic development, stating that MSMEs are the lifeline of Nigeria’s economy.
“SMEs are the backbone of the economy and the backbone of employment in Nigeria. We are delighted to power SMEDAN’s platform and provide tools that help MSMEs reach customers, obtain funding, and access wider markets. This collaboration serves both our business and social development objectives,” he stated.
Also, the Chief Enterprise Business Officer of MTN Nigeria, Ms Lynda Saint-Nwafor, described the MoU as a tool to “meet SMEs at the point of their needs,” noting that nano, micro, small, and medium businesses each require different resources to scale.
“Some SMEs need guidance, some need resources; others need opportunities or workforce support. This platform allows them to access whatever they need. We are committed to identifying opportunities across financial inclusion, digital inclusion, and capacity building that help SMEs to scale,” she noted.
Also commenting, the Director General of SMEDAN, Mr Charles Odii, emphasised the significance of the collaboration, noting that the agency cannot meet its mandate without leveraging technology and private-sector expertise.
“We have approximately 40 million MSMEs in Nigeria, and only about 400 SMEDAN staff. We cannot fulfil our mandate without technology, data, and strong partners.
“MTN already has the infrastructure and tools to support MSMEs from payments to identity, hosting, learning, and more. With this partnership, we are confident we can achieve in a short time what would have taken years,” he disclosed.
Mr Odii highlighted that the SMEDAN-MTN collaboration would support businesses across their growth needs, guided by their four-point GROW model – Guidance, Resources, Opportunities, and Workforce Development.
He added that SMEDAN has already created over 100,000 jobs within its two-year administration and expects the partnership to significantly boost job creation, business expansion, and nationwide enterprise modernisation.
Economy
NGX Seeks Suspension of New Capital Gains Tax
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited is seeking review of the controversial Capital Gains Tax increase, fearing it will chase away foreign investors from the country’s capital market.
Nigeria’s new tax regime, which takes effect from January 1, 2026, represents one of the most significant changes to Nigeria’s tax system in recent years.
Under the new rules, the flat 10 per cent Capital Gains Tax rate has been replaced by progressive income tax rates ranging from zero to 30 per cent, depending on an investor’s overall income or profit level while large corporate investors will see the top rate reduced to 25 per cent as part of a wider corporate tax reform.
The chief executive of NGX, Mr Jude Chiemeka, said in a Bloomberg interview in Kigali, Rwanda that there should be a “removal of the capital gains tax completely, or perhaps deferring it for five years.”
According to him, Nigeria, having a higher Capital Gains Tax, will make investors redirect asset allocation to frontier markets and “countries that have less tax.”
“From a capital flow perspective, we should be concerned because all these international portfolio managers that invest across frontier markets will certainly go to where the cost of investing is not so burdensome,” the CEO said, as per Bloomberg. “That is really the angle one will look at it from.”
Meanwhile, the policy has been defended by the chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, who noted that the new tax will make investing in the capital market more attractive by reducing risks, promoting fairness, and simplifying compliance.
He noted that the framework allows investors to deduct legitimate costs such as brokerage fees, regulatory charges, realised capital losses, margin interest, and foreign exchange losses directly tied to investments, thereby ensuring that they are not taxed when operating at a loss.
Mr Oyedele also said the reforms introduced a more inclusive approach to taxation by exempting several categories of investors and transactions.
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