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Sharp Rise in Nigeria’s Debt to Revenue Ratio Worries Fitch

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By Dipo Olowookere

United States-based rating agency, Fitch Ratings, has expressed worry about the sharp increase in the debt to revenue ratio of Nigeria.

A director at Fitch, Mr Mahmoud Harb, informed Reuters in a chat that this and another factor could force his organisation to further downgrade the rating of Africa’s largest economy.

Mr Harb listed the other factor that could trigger a rating lowering as a rising decline in the foreign exchange inflows into the country, which is mainly derived from crude oil sales.

According to Fitch, Nigeria will need not less than $23 billion to meet its external financing needs in 2020 and the few options the nation has is to run down its foreign reserves.

Business Post reports that as at the close of business on Monday, June 22, 2020, Nigeria had $36.260 billion in its reserves, lower than $36.302 billion on Friday, June 19, 2020.

“We have two elements that could lead us to take a negative rating action/downgrade on Nigeria.

“Aggravation of external liquidity pressures and a sharp rise in government debt to revenues ratio,” Mr Harb informed Reuters.

In April 2020, Fitch downgraded Nigeria to “B” with a negative outlook from “B+”. The reason for this action then was an aggravation of pressure on the country’s external finances.

The local authorities in March reviewed the 2020 budget, bringing down the crude oil benchmark to $30 per barrel because of a sharp decline in the price of the commodity at the global market.

Two months after, the government further reduced the threshold to $25 per barrel after prices fell below $20 per barrel at the international space.

The federal government, which had planned to approach the foreign debt market for a Eurobond of $2.36 billion, shelved the plan and converted it to an N850 billion domestic debt programme.

The funds would be sourced from the sale of debt securities like the FGN Bonds, treasury bills and others, with proceeds to be used for the budget deficit.

Recently, it was reported that in the first quarter of 2020, Nigeria’s debt service to revenue ratio stood at 99 percent, meaning that for every N100 generated by the country, N99 was used to service the various debts incurred by the government.

On Monday, Business Post reported that the Debt Management Office (DMO) assured Nigerians that there will never be a situation where China will have to take possession of the projects financed with its loans because of payment default.

According to the DMO, adequate provisions have been made to repay the debts, noting that, “Nigeria explicitly provides for debt service on its external and domestic debt in its annual budgets.”

“In effect, this means that debt service is recognised and payment is planned for.

“In addition, a number of the projects being (and to be) financed by the loans are either revenue generating or have the potential to generate revenue,” the DMO further said.

The debt office had said in a statement last week that as at March 31, 2020, the total borrowing from China stood at $3.121 billion at an interest rate of 2.50 percent per annum, with a 20-year maturity and a 7-year moratorium.

The agency said the low interest rate reduces the interest cost to the government, while the long tenor enables the repayment of the principal sum of the concessional loans over many years.

“These two benefits make the provisions for debt service in the annual budget lower than they would otherwise have been if the loans were on commercial terms,” the debt office said.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Economy

NGX Market Cap Surpasses N110trn as FY 2025 Earnings Impress Investors

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By Dipo Olowookere

Investors at the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited have continued to show excitement for the full-year earnings of companies on the exchange so far.

On Friday, Customs Street further appreciated by 1.01 per cent as more organization released their financial statements for the 2025 fiscal year.

During the session, traders continued their selective trading strategy, with the energy sector going up by 2.47 per cent at the close of business despite profit-taking in the banking counter, which saw its index down by 0.11 per cent.

Yesterday, the insurance space grew by 2.16 per cent, the industrial goods segment expanded by 1.70 per cent, and the consumer goods industry jumped by 0.42 per cent.

Consequently, the All-Share Index (ASI) increased by 1,722.13 points to 171,727.49 points from 170,005.36 points, and the market capitalisation soared by N1.106 trillion to N110.235 trillion from the N109.129 trillion it ended on Thursday.

Business Post reports that there were 59 appreciating stocks and 19 depreciating stocks on Friday, representing a positive market breadth index and strong investor sentiment.

The trio of Omatek, Deap Capital, and NAHCO gained 10.00 per cent each to sell for N2.64, N6.82, and N136.40 apiece, as Zichis and Austin Laz appreciated by 9.98 per cent each to close at N6.72 and N5.40, respectively.

Conversely, The Initiates depreciated by 9.74 per cent to N19.45, DAAR Communications slumped by 7.32 per cent to N1.90, United Capital crashed by 6.55 per cent to N18.55, Coronation Insurance lost 5.71 per cent to quote at N3.30, and First Holdco shrank by 5.53 per cent to N47.00.

The activity chart showed an improvement in the activity level, with the trading volume, value, and number of deals up by 33.77 per cent, 93.27 per cent, and 10.63 per cent, respectively.

This was because traders transacted 953.8 million shares worth N43.1 billion in 51,005 deals compared with the 713.0 million shares valued at N22.3 billion traded in 46,104 deals a day earlier.

Fidelity Bank was the most active with 92.4 million units sold for N1.8 billion, Chams transacted 69.2 million units valued at N310.9 million, Deap Capital exchanged 59.1 million units worth N382.7 million, Access Holdings traded 57.2 million units valued at N1.3 billion, and Tantalizers transacted 48.6 million units worth N228.2 million.

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Economy

Naira Retreats to N1,366.19/$1 After 13 Kobo Loss at Official Market

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The value of the Naira contracted against the United States Dollar on Friday by 13 Kobo or 0.01 per cent to N1,366.19/$1 in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) from the previous day’s value of N1,366.06/$1.

According to data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), the Nigerian currency also depreciated against the Pound Sterling in the same market window yesterday by N2.37 to N1,857.75/£1 from the N1,855.38/£1 it was traded on Thursday, and further depleted against the Euro by 57 Kobo to close at N1,612.52/€1 versus the preceding session’s N1,611.95/€1.

In the same vein, the exchange rate for international transactions on the GTBank Naira card showed that the Naira lost N8 on the greenback yesterday to N1,383/$1 from the previous day’s N1,375/$1 and at the black market, the Nigerian currency maintained stability against the Dollar at N1,450/$1.

FX analysts anticipate this trend to persist, primarily influenced by increasing external reserves, renewed inflows of foreign portfolio investments, and a reduction in speculative demand.

In the short term, stability in the FX market is expected to continue, supported by policy interventions and improving market confidence.

Nigeria’s foreign reserves experienced an upward trajectory, increasing by $632.38 million within the week to $46.91 billion from $46.27 billion in the previous week.

The Dollar appreciation this week appears to be largely technical, serving as a correction to the substantial losses experienced from mid- to late January.

Meanwhile, the cryptocurrency market slightly appreciated, with Bitcoin (BTC) climbing near $68,000, up nearly 5 per cent since hitting $60,000 late on Thursday after investor confidence in crypto’s utility as a store of value, inflation hedge, and digital currency faltered.

The sell-off extended beyond crypto, with silver plunging 15 per cent and gold sliding more than 2 per cent. US stocks also fell.

The latest recoup saw the price of BTC up by 4.7 per cent to $67,978.96, as Ethereum (ETH) appreciated by 6.3 per cent to $2,021.10, and Ripple (XRP) surged by 9.5 per cent to $1.42.

In addition, Solana (SOL) grew by 7.3 per cent to $85.22, Cardano (ADA) added 6.1 per cent to trade at $0.2683, Dogecoin (DOGE) expanded by 5.4 per cent to $0.0958, Litecoin (LTC) rose by 5.2 per cent to $53.50, and Binance Coin (BNB) jumped by 2.3 per cent to $637.79, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) traded flat at $1.00 each.

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Economy

Oil Prices Climb on Worries of Possible Iran-US Conflict

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Oil prices settled higher on Friday as traders worried that this week’s talks between the US and Iran had failed to reduce the risk of a military conflict between the two countries.

Brent crude futures traded at $68.05 a barrel after going up by 50 cents or 0.74 per cent, and the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures finished at $63.55 a barrel due to the addition of 26 cents or 0.41 per cent.

Iran and the US held negotiations in Muscat, the capital of Oman, on Friday to overcome sharp differences over Iran’s nuclear programme.

It was reported that the talks had ended with Iran’s foreign minister saying negotiators will return to their capitals for consultations and the talks will continue.

Regardless, the meeting kept investors anxious about geopolitical risk, as Iran wanted to stick to nuclear issues while the US wanted to discuss Iran’s ballistic missiles and support for armed groups in the region.

Any escalation of tension between the two nations could disrupt oil flows, since about a fifth of the world’s total consumption passes through the Strait of Hormuz between Oman and Iran.

Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Iraq export most of their crude via the strait, as does Iran, which is a member of the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

According to Reuters, Iran objected to the presence of any US Central Command (CENTCOM) or other regional military officials, saying that would jeopardise the process.

The current confrontation was sparked by more than two weeks of unrest in Iran that saw authorities launch a deadly crackdown that killed thousands of civilians and shocked the world. As reports of the deaths trickled out of Iran, US President Donald Trump threatened to strike Iran if any of the tens of thousands of protesters arrested were executed.

Meanwhile, Kazakhstan’s planned oil exports could fall by as much as 35 per cent this month via its main route through Russia, as the country’s top oil company, Tengiz oilfield, slowly recovers from fires at power facilities in January.

ING analysts have pointed out Iran’s neighbour, Iraq, and a disagreement with the US as another bullish factor for oil prices. It seems Iraqi politicians favour Mr Nouri al-Maliki as the country’s next Prime Minister, but the US thinks Mr al-Maliki is too close to Iran. President Trump has already threatened the oil producer with consequences if he emerges as PM.

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