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IMF Faults CBN Approach to Persistent FX Shortages

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FX Shortages

By Dipo Olowookere

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has faulted the strategies being deployed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to address the foreign exchange (FX) shortages in the country.

In July 2021, the apex bank, after a monetary policy committee (MPC) meeting in Abuja, announced the discontinuation of forex sales to Bureaux De Change (BDC) operators, claiming they were part of the FX crisis in the country.

At the next MPC meeting, the CBN, through its governor, Mr Godwin Emefiele, declared that the black market was illegal and blamed a platform aggregating the rates at the segment, AbokiFX, of manipulating the rates, threatening a clampdown. The authorities also made the media, including Business Post, to stop reporting parallel market rates, insinuating that it was against the law.

On Friday, November 19, 2021, the IMF, in a statement made available to this newspaper, condemned the approach of the central bank to the “persistent” FX shortages, stressing that it was “negatively impacting confidence.”

It advised the bank to adopt the free-float exchange rate regime and throw away the “administrative measures” policy, emphasising that “without urgent fiscal and exchange rate reforms, the medium-term outlook (of Nigeria) faces sub-par growth.”

The global lender admitted that “the Nigerian economy is recovering from a historic downturn benefiting from government policy support, rising oil prices and international financial assistance.”

It further noted that the pro-active approach of the government worked wonders to put “the COVID-19 infection rates and fatalities” under control, but stated that “with the emergence of fuel subsidies and slow progress on revenue mobilisation, the fiscal outlook faces significant risks.”

It stated that in the medium term, there are upside risks from faster-than-expected reaching of the Dangote refinery’s production capacity along with the effective implementation of the 2021 Petroleum Industry Act in terms of higher manufacturing production and investment in the oil sector.

Commenting further on the FX system in Nigeria, the IMF wants the CBN to fully adopt the “unified market-clearing exchange rate” as it would “help build foreign exchange buffers through higher capital inflows.”

It noted that, “Despite the recent SDR allocation and a successful Eurobond issuance, gross reserves remain significantly below the IMF’s recommended adequacy levels.

“Slow FX reforms and uncertainties regarding the ability to repatriate foreign funds have discouraged new capital inflows. With an external position that is assessed to be weaker than implied by Nigeria’s economic fundamentals and desired policies, a narrow export base, and limited capital inflows, the mission recommended preserving foreign exchange reserves through sustainable policies. The mission assessed Nigeria’s capacity to repay the outstanding credit from the 2020 Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) to be adequate.”

It further disclosed that “to preserve competitiveness, any exchange rate adjustment should be accompanied by clear communications regarding exchange rate policy going forward, macroeconomic policies to contain inflation and structural policies to facilitate new investment.”

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Economy

Customs Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone in Rivers Collects N53.98bn Revenue

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virtual free trade zones

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone Command in Rivers State says it has achieved a record-breaking revenue collection of N53.98 billion between January and November 2024, exceeding its annual target by 2.3 per cent and nearly doubling the N26.80 billion generated in 2023.

This was disclosed by the Customs Area Controller, Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone, Onne, Comptroller Seriki Usman, during a press briefing at the command’s headquarters, where he attributed the success to strategic collaboration with stakeholders, operational efficiency, and a focus on regulatory compliance.

He said, “A notable achievement of the command was its record-breaking revenue collection of N53.98 billion. This figure represents a 2.3 per cent increase over our annual target for 2024 and a remarkable 98.6% rise compared to the N26.80 billion collected in 2023.

“Our record-breaking revenue underscores the importance of effective trade facilitation and regulatory compliance. This achievement reflects the commitment of our officers, the collaboration with stakeholders, and the critical role of the Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone in driving Nigeria’s economic growth,” he said.

He explained that the Command successfully facilitated the export of key products such as refined sugar, fertiliser, liquefied natural gas, LNG, and crude oil from major facilities, including Bundu Sugar Refinery, Notore Chemical PLC, and Bonny Island.

“The seamless management of imports and exports within the free trade zone has enhanced operations for licensed enterprises,” he noted.

Speaking on the significance of these achievements, Comptroller Usman emphasized the need to maintain the momentum.

“This accomplishment is not just about numbers but about fostering trade growth, innovation, and creating a conducive environment for businesses to thrive within the free trade zone.”

On regulatory compliance, Comptroller Usman reassured Nigerians of the Command’s commitment to ensuring adherence to international trade regulations while fostering economic progress.

“Our focus remains on enhancing service delivery, promoting ease of doing business, and driving revenue generation that supports the nation’s development goals,” he said.

The command emphasized that collaboration with stakeholders, particularly the Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone Authority, has been pivotal in achieving these milestones, and called for continued partnership to sustain trade growth and improve service delivery.

As the year comes to a close, the command has reiterated its resolve to solidify its role as a critical revenue driver and trade facilitator in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector.

Mr Usman said the performance reflects the command’s vital role in strengthening Nigeria’s non-oil revenue base and its determination to remain a key player in the country’s economic transformation efforts.

“We remain committed to sustaining our achievements, fostering trust among stakeholders, and contributing significantly to the nation’s economic growth,” Comptroller Usman concluded.

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Economy

FAAC Disburses 1.727trn to FG, States Local Councils in December 2024

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faac allocation

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

The federal government, the 36 states of the federation and the 774 local government areas have received N1.727 trillion from the Federal Accounts Allocation Committee (FAAC) for December 2024.

The funds were disbursed to the three tiers of government from the revenue generated by the nation in November 2024.

At the December meeting of FAAC held in Abuja, it was stated that the amount distributed comprised distributable statutory revenue of N455.354 billion, distributable Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue of N585.700 billion, Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) revenue of N15.046 billion and Exchange Difference revenue of N671.392 billion.

According to a statement signed on Friday by the Director of Press and Public Relations for FAAC, Mr Bawa Mokwa, the money generated last month was about N3.143 trillion, with N103.307 billion used for cost of collection and N1.312 trillion for transfers, interventions and refunds.

It was disclosed that gross statutory revenue of N1.827 trillion was received compared with the N1.336 trillion recorded a month earlier.

The statement said gross revenue of N628.972 billion was available from VAT versus N668.291 billion in the preceding month.

The organisation stated that last month, oil and gas royalty and CET levies recorded significant increases, while excise duty, VAT, import duty, Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), Companies Income Tax (CIT) and EMTL decreased considerably.

As for the sharing, FAAC disclosed that from the N1.727 trillion, the central government got N581.856 billion, the states received N549.792 billion, the councils took N402.553 billion, while the benefiting states got N193.291 billion as 13 per cent derivation revenue.

From the N585.700 billion VAT earnings, the national government got N87.855 billion, the states received N292.850 billion and the local councils were given N204.995 billion.

Also, from the N455.354 billion distributable statutory revenue, the federal government was given N175.690 billion, the states got N89.113 billion, the local governments had N68.702 billion, and the benefiting states received N121.849 billion as 13 per cent derivation revenue.

In addition, from the N15.046 billion EMTL revenue, FAAC shared N2.257 billion to the federal government, disbursed N7.523 billion to the states and transferred N5.266 billion to the local councils.

Further, from the N671.392 billion Exchange Difference earnings, it gave central government N316.054 billion, the states N160.306 billion, the local government areas N123.590 billion, and the oil-producing states N71.442 billion as 13 per cent derivation revenue.

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Economy

Okitipupa Plc, Two Others Lift Unlisted Securities Market by 0.65%

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Okitipupa Plc

By Adedapo Adesanya

The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange recorded a 0.65 per cent gain on Friday, December 13, boosted by three equities admitted on the trading platform.

On the last trading session of the week, Okitipupa Plc appreciated by N2.70 to settle at N29.74 per share versus Thursday’s closing price of N27.04 per share, FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc added N2.49 to end the session at N42.85 per unit compared with the previous day’s N40.36 per unit, and Afriland Properties Plc gained 50 Kobo to close at N16.30 per share, in contrast to the preceding session’s N15.80 per share.

Consequently, the market capitalisation added N6.89 billion to settle at N1.062 trillion compared with the preceding day’s N1.055 trillion and the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) gained 19.66 points to wrap the session at 3,032.16 points compared with 3,012.50 points recorded in the previous session.

Yesterday, the volume of securities traded by investors increased by 171.6 per cent to 1.2 million units from the 447,905 units recorded a day earlier, but the value of shares traded by the market participants declined by 19.3 per cent to N2.4 million from the N3.02 million achieved a day earlier, and the number of deals went down by 14.3 per cent to 18 deals from 21 deals.

At the close of business, Geo-Fluids Plc was the most active stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with a turnover of 1.7 billion units worth N3.9 billion, followed by Okitipupa Plc with the sale of 752.2 million units valued at N7.8 billion, and Afriland Properties Plc with 297.3 million units sold for N5.3 million.

In the same vein, Aradel Holdings Plc remained the most active stock by value on a year-to-date basis with the sale of 108.7 million units for N89.2 billion, trailed by Okitipupa Plc with 752.2 million units valued at N7.8 billion, and Afriland Properties Plc with a turnover of 297.3 million units worth N5.3 billion.

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