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Access Bank Risks Negative Pressures After Merger—Moody’s

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By Dipo Olowookere

Renowned rating agency, Moody’s Investors Service, has warned that Access Bank may experience negative pressures on its capital and asset risk metrics as a result of its merger with Diamond Bank Plc.

This disclosure was made in a statement issued recently, where it announced that it was placing the ratings of the Nigerian lender under review for downgrade.

Moody’s said it was looking to lower the B2 long-term local currency deposit rating of Access Bank as well as its B3 long-term foreign currency deposit rating, its b2 Baseline Credit Assessment (BCA) and Adjusted BCA, its B1 long-term Counterparty Risk Rating (CRR) and its B1(cr) long-term Counterparty Risk Assessment (CRA).

However, Moody’s said it was placing Diamond Bank Plc’s Caa1 long-term deposit ratings, its caa3 BCA and Adjusted BCA, its Caa1 CRR and its Caa1(cr) CRA on review for upgrade.

In late 2018, Diamond Bank and Access Bank announced their intentions to merge to become a big and formidable entity.

In its statements, Moody’s said it was reviewing the banks’ ratings following the approval of their announced merger by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on January 18, 2019, after a preliminary approval of the transaction by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in December 2018.

“Access Bank’s ratings are placed on review for downgrade to reflect the potential negative pressures on its capital and asset risk metrics as a result of the merger, while Diamond Bank’s review for upgrade reflects the expected convergence of its creditworthiness and ratings with those of Access Bank upon completion of the transaction,” the agency said.

Moody’s explained that its primary driver underpinning the decision to initiate a review for downgrade of Access Bank’s ratings is the expected weakening of the bank’s solvency profile, driven by a lower tangible common equity (TCE) ratio amid higher asset risks.

It noted that Access Bank will acquire a large balance sheet (about N1.6 trillion as of September 2018), mainly consisting of net loans (about N730 billion), which will increase its risk weighted assets, while Diamond Bank’s undercapitalization will likely strain Access Bank’s TCE.

Moody’s expects Access Bank’s post-merger TCE ratio will decline to around 10%, reducing the bank’s loss absorbance buffers. The TCE would also decline below the median for global peers with b2 BCA.

In addition, the rating agency expects Access Bank’s asset risk to increase because of the additional risk assets it will acquire from Diamond Bank.

The rating agency views Diamond Bank’s risk management and underwriting procedures as weaker than those of Access Bank and therefore expects a higher formation of nonperforming loans (NPLs) from Diamond Bank’s loan book that Access Bank will acquire. The rating agency also expects substantial operational risks to be introduced by this sizeable acquisition.

For Diamond Bank, the review for upgrade is driven by the fact that upon completion of the merger, Diamond Bank’s assets, liabilities and undertakings will be assumed by Access Bank, a stronger entity, who will become the obligor of former Diamond Bank’s creditors.

The review on both banks will conclude upon the legal completion of the merger and will take stock of any new relevant information that might be available at that time.

For Access Bank, the rating agency says that the review for downgrade will focus on (1) the impact of a successful completion of the merger on Access Bank’s solvency ratios (asset risk and capital metrics), (2) the extent to which the merger will improve Access Bank’s profitability and funding and liquidity profiles, and (3) any integration challenges that will arise from onboarding Diamond Bank’s assets and liabilities and staff.

The review will assess how Access Bank will implement measures to increase its capital buffers to enable it to absorb new credit losses that will come from Diamond Bank’s loan book. The rating agency will assess any plans by Access Bank to reduce its risk assets and improve its capital upon completion of the merger.

The review will consider the impact of Diamond Bank’s loan book on Access Bank’s asset quality, including the amount of NPLs that Access Bank will inherit from Diamond Bank, and the level of provisions of the NPLs, although management indicated that a large portion of Diamond Bank’s current NPLs will be written off before conclusion of the transaction.

Moody’s said it will also assess the positive impact of Diamond Bank’s largely retail deposit book to Access Bank’s deposit structure and tenor.

As of September 2018, Access Bank would acquire N1.1 trillion customer deposits from Diamond Bank, providing it with deposits that are cheaper than its current cost of funding. The rating agency will consider the impact of possible revenue enhancements and any long-term cost savings, viewed against short-term restructuring costs.

The review will also take into consideration material implementation challenges associated with the acquisition of a large bank such as Diamond Bank.

As of September 2018, Diamond Bank’s total assets constituted 34% of Access Bank’s assets and Moody’s estimates that Diamond Bank’s total assets will contribute about 23% of merged entity total assets.

Access Bank will need to successfully integrate its newly acquired staff and IT and processing platforms while ensuring that the business does not suffer during the integration period. Moody’s recognizes Access Bank’s good track record in mergers and acquisitions.

Moody’s said the review for upgrade on Diamond Bank’s deposit ratings reflects the prospects that the rated deposits and liabilities of Diamond Bank will benefit from Access Bank’s stronger risk profile, and the rating agency will align Diamond Bank’s long-term deposit ratings with those of Access Bank. These are currently B2 on review for downgrade for local currency, and B3 on review for downgrade for foreign currency.

The rating agency will assess the extent to which Diamond Bank’s current solvency weaknesses that are a result of its high NPLs, low provisions and low capital will be addressed by the merger.

The rating agency will also consider the implication of the merger to Diamond Bank’s foreign currency liquidity, in light of the significant refinancing needs in the first half of 2019.

Moody’s said it will withdraw Diamond Bank’s ratings upon completion of the merger because Diamond Bank will cease to exist as a separate legal entity.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Banking

CBN Upgrades Operating Licences of OPay, Moniepoint, Others to National

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Moniepoint DreamDevs Initiative

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

The operating licences of major financial technology (fintech) platforms like OPay and Moniepoint, have been upgraded to national by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

Also upgraded by the banking sector regulator were PalmPay, Kuda Bank, and Paga after compliance with some regulatory requirements, allowing them to operate across Nigeria.

Speaking at annual conference of the Committee of Heads of Banks’ Operations in Lagos recently, the Director of the Other Financial Institutions Supervision Department of the CBN, Mr Yemi Solaja, said the licences were upwardly reviewed after the financial institutions met some requirements, including the Know-Your-Customer (KYC) policy.

“Institutions like Moniepoint MFB, Opay, Kuda Bank, and others have now been upgraded. In practice, their operations are already nationwide,” he said at the event.

The upgrade also reinforces financial inclusion, as fintechs and agent networks continue to play a pivotal role in providing access to banking and payments services, especially in rural and underserved areas.

The central bank executive stressed the importance of physical presence for customer support.

According to him, “Most of their customers operate in the informal sector. They need a clear point of contact if any issues arise,” to strengthen internal controls, and enhance customer service, particularly around KYC and anti-money laundering (AML) processes.

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Banking

OneDosh Raises $3m to Build Stablecoin-Powered Infrastructure for Cross-Border Payments

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OneDosh $3m

By Adedapo Adesanya

OneDosh, a fintech company focused on stablecoin-powered payments, has raised $3 million in pre-seed funding to develop infrastructure aimed at improving how individuals and businesses move money across borders.

The firm, co-founded in February 2025 by the trio of Mr Jackson Ukuevo, Mr Godwin Okoye, and Mr Babatunde Osinowo, was shaped by the founders’ firsthand experiences navigating blocked cards, frozen accounts, delayed international transfers, and currency restrictions while living and travelling globally. These challenges highlighted a consistent gap between the demand for seamless global payments and the systems available to support them.

Now, OneDosh operates in the United States and Nigeria, two active remittance corridors with strong demand for faster and more flexible payment solutions. Through our platform, users can transfer funds from the U.S. to Nigeria, hold value in stablecoins, and spend using stablecoin-powered cards compatible with Apple Pay and Google Pay, subject to network and regional availability.

Commenting on OneDosh’s mission, Mr Ukuevo said, “Millions of people are locked out of efficient cross-border payments because legacy systems are slow, expensive, and restrictive. OneDosh is building the infrastructure to change that, starting with the U.S.-Nigeria corridor and expanding from there. This funding helps us turn stablecoins into practical payment solutions for real people and businesses.”

“Beyond our current consumer-facing products, we are building payment infrastructure designed to connect wallets, cards, and markets into a single programmable system. Our approach focuses on enabling compliant, real-world use cases for stablecoins, particularly in regions where traditional cross-border payment systems remain costly or inefficient,” he added.

OneDosh’s founding team brings experience from organisations such as ZeroHash, Plaid, and Amazon, with backgrounds spanning payments infrastructure, compliance operations, and large-scale product development.

The pre-seed funding will be used to expand into additional payment corridors, deepen liquidity partnerships, and support senior team hires. These efforts are intended to boost capacity to support cross-border spending and settlement use cases as adoption of digital payment technologies continues to grow.

With the increasing interconnectedness of global commerce, OneDosh aims to contribute infrastructure designed to support faster, more accessible cross-border payments using stablecoins as a settlement layer.

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Banking

EFCC Accuses Banks of Aiding N18.7bn Investment, Airline Discount Scams

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EFCC Banks N18.7bn Investment Scams

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

One new generation bank and six financial technology (fintech) and microfinance banks have been accused of aiding fraudsters in defrauding Nigerians through fraudulent schemes.

This allegation was made by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) while addressing the media in Abuja on Thursday.

The Director of Public Affairs of the EFCC, Mr Wilson Uwujaren, said these schemes involved about N18.7 billion fraudulent investment and airline discount scams.

He disclosed that in the airline discount fraud, fraudsters lure their victims to lose their hard-earned money by involving “a string of carefully devised airline discount information that any unsuspecting foreign traveller will fall for.”

“What they do is to advertise a discount system in the purchase of flight tickets of a particular foreign carrier. The payment module is designed in such a way that their victims would be convinced that the payment is actually made into the account of the airline. No sooner the payment is made than the passenger’s entire funds in his bank account are emptied,” he narrated to newsmen.

According to him, over 700 victims have fallen into the trap of fraudsters through the scheme with a total loss of N651.1 million to them.

Though the commission succeeded in recovering and returning N33.6 million to victims of the scam, Mr Uwujaren cautioned Nigerians to be more vigilant as foreign actors involved in the scheme are converting their illicit sleaze into cryptocurrency and moving them into safer destinations through Bybit.

Narrating the second scheme, the EFCC spokesman said it involved a company named Fred and Farid Investment Limited, simply called FF investment, which lured Nigerians into bogus investment arrangements.

He said over 200,000 victims have been defrauded in this regard, with about N18.1 billion raked in through nine companies offering diverse investment packages.  .

In all, more than 900 Nigerians have been fleeced by fraudsters through the connivance of banks.

Mr Uwujaren claimed foreign nationals are behind the schemes, with three Nigerian accomplices who have been arrested and charged to court.

On the specific role of banks and fintechs in the schemes, two other directors of the EFCC, Abdulkarim Chukkol in charge of Investigations, and Mr Michael Wetcas in charge of Abuja Zonal Directorate, explained that, “a new generation bank and six fintechs and microfinance banks are involved in this. The financial institutions clearly compromised banking procedures and allowed the fraudsters to safely change their proceeds into digital assets and move into safe destinations”

“A total of N18,739, 999,027.35 had been moved through our financial system without due diligence of customers by the banks. It is worrisome that investigations by the commission showed that cryptocurrency transactions to the tune of N162 billion passed through a new generation bank without any due diligence. Investigations also showed that a single customer maintained 960 accounts in the new generation bank and all the accounts were used for fraudulent purposes.”

The EFCC called on regulatory bodies to bring financial institutions to compulsory compliance with regulations in the areas of Know Your Customers (KYC), Customer Due Diligence (CDD), Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) and others.

The agency charged regulatory bodies that Deposit Money Banks (DMBs), fintechs, MFBanks found to be aiding and abetting fraudsters should be suspended and referred to the EFCC for thorough investigation and possible prosecution.

It also warned that negligence and failure to monitor suspicious and structured transactions by banks would no longer be allowed, assuring that it will continue its work against money laundering by fraudulent actors.

Mr Uwujaren also tasked financial institutions to firm up their operational dynamics and save the nation from leakages and compromises bleeding the economy.

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