Banking
Debit Cards: Still Driving Financial Inclusion
The last decade witnessed tremendous changes in the nation’s banking landscape. The number of bank customers has grown, agency banking has gained a foothold and cheques have given way to transfers, particularly through SMS banking and mobile apps. Debit cards, however, remained a constant feature during this period.
Debit cards are financial instruments issued by commercial banks to their customers to enable seamless transaction outside the banking halls. Debit cards have proven reliable in banking and other financial transactions. It is today acknowledged as a viable tool in the quest to drive financial inclusion in Nigeria.
Financial inclusion refers to a situation by which individuals and businesses can access appropriate, affordable and timely financial products and services. These products and services include savings, credit, insurance, equity and pension.
The objective of financial inclusion is to capture the unbanked into the formal banking space and ensure the availability of more financial products to the underbanked. As the World Bank notes, access to a transactional account is the first step towards broader financial inclusion.
Several initiatives have been deployed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to drive these financial inclusion objectives, especially payments. Debit cards have proven a critical tool in driving financial inclusion in emerging markets such as Nigeria.
While debit cards were at some points the exclusive preserve of a few, it is today almost ubiquitous. This is due largely to the pioneering efforts of Interswitch Group to place debit cards in the hands of many Nigerians with the introduction of Verve card.
Verve card is not just a domestic card with lower transactional fees, it is highly secure and tailored to cater to the market nuances. It is not surprising therefore that Verve quickly captured an appreciable portion of the market.
Inevitably, as more Nigerians added debit cards to their wallets, information and knowledge about financial services, payment patterns and transaction history emerged. Infrastructure and technology to support the usage also expanded with the deployment of more payment channels across the nation. Interswitch ensured that the Verve card was compatible with a majority, if not all of the payment channels.
Today, with a debit card, cardholders do not have to travel to their banks’ branches to carry out most of their financial transactions. With a debit card, cardholders can make cashless payments for their purchases at the point of sale and small scale business owners can build transaction history with which they can access credit facilities and scale their businesses.
The debit card can be incorporated to underwrite insurance policies and provide various cover to the cardholder. Pensioners can use their debit cards to access their periodic pension payments after retirement. In some cases, the debit card is used as a form of electronic identity (eID). It can be used to access grants, and agricultural resources such as fertilizers, equipment lease, seedlings, etc.
Undoubtedly, debit cards are an effective force in driving financial inclusion.
As debit card payment transaction success increased, cardholders’ confidence grew. Subsequently, it became easier to convince others to come into the formal banking space to enjoy the convenience that the cards offered.
Verve’s intervention in the payment card space proved a game-changer. It became commonplace to see the blue-collar worker and the white-collared counterpart on the same queue to use the ATM. It was no longer strange to see the driver and his boss making payments using PoS at the stores. In the financial services space, debit cards are revolutionary.
Figures on digital payment from the National Bureau of Statistics and the CBN for Q3 2020 showed that digital payment figures for the period was N320 trillion, with ATM transactions accounting for a big chunk of the total transactions. This is not surprising with the significant increase in the use of PoS, USSD and card-based web payments.
The debit card is an enabler. Verve card is a leveler. While the debit card has empowered people to carry out financial transactions seamlessly, the Verve card has ensured that this easy, convenient and secured way service offering came within the reach of all Nigerians, who desired it.
Yes, there is more to be done. The regulatory is on the right path with policies aimed at strengthening and deepening the efficiency of the nation’s e-payment system. New players are emerging and there is an increase in the issuance of cards, both debit and credit. It is clear, agency banking is on the rise, the number of touchpoints are increasing and options are growing. The future of cards, at this time, appears secure and bright.
Banking
VAT on USSD, Mobile Transfer Fees Not Introduced by Nigeria Tax Act—NRS
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS) has denied reports that customers performing financial transactions would pay a Value Added Tax (VAT) of 7.5 per cent from January 19, 2026.
Information about this emanated from messages sent out to customers of a financial institution, informing them of the new development in compliance of Nigeria’s new tax laws, especially the Nigeria Tax Act 2025.
It was claimed that Nigerians, as part of efforts of the government to generate more funds from taxes, would begin to pay VAT for the use of banking services like USSD and others.
But reacting in a statement signed by its management on Thursday, January 15, 2026, the tax collecting agency emphasised that the VAT collection for such services was not new.
It stressed that customers have always paid taxes for electronic money transfers and others, as this is charged on the fee, not from the main amount of the transaction.
“The Nigeria Revenue Service wishes to address and correct misleading narratives circulating in sections of the media suggesting that Value Added Tax (VAT has been newly introduced on banking services, fees, commissions, or electronic money transfers. This claim is categorically incorrect.
“VAT has always applied to fees, commissions, and charges for services rendered by banks and other financial institutions under Nigeria’s long-established VAT regime. The Nigeria Tax Act did not introduce VAT on banking charges, nor (sic) did it impose new tax obligation on customers in this regard.
“The Nigeria Revenue Service urges members of the public and all stakeholders to disregard misinformation and to rely exclusively on official communications for accurate, authoritative, and up-to-date tax information,” the statement read.
Business Post reports that what this basically means is that if a customer sends N10,000 and the bank charges N50 for the service, a 7.5 per cent VAT on the N50, which is N3.75, would be paid by the sender, not N750, which is 7.5 per cent of N10,000.

Banking
Paystack Enters Banking Space With Ladder Microfinance Bank Acquisition
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigerian-born payments company, Paystack, has announced its entry into the banking sector with the launch of Paystack Microfinance Bank (Paystack MFB) after the acquisition of Ladder Microfinance Bank.
The bank continues Paystack’s push into consumer products and adds a banking layer to its business-focused payment product, coming ten years after the company was founded with the goal of simplifying payments for businesses using modern technology.
In Nigeria alone, the company says its systems process trillions of Naira every month, supporting more than 300,000 businesses and millions of customers. According to Paystack, this growth highlighted a broader need beyond payments, prompting the decision to build a more comprehensive financial offering.
Paystack MFB will begin lending to businesses before expanding to consumers. It will also offer banking-as-a-service (BaaS) products to companies building financial products and treasury management products.
The company explained that while payments are a critical part of the financial journey, businesses and individuals increasingly require a full financial operating system. This includes the ability to store money securely, move funds easily, gain clarity from financial data, and access tools that support long-term growth. Developers, Paystack added, also need reliable, secure, and compliant infrastructure to build new financial solutions efficiently.
To address these needs, Paystack said it has established Paystack Microfinance Bank as a separate and independent entity from Paystack Payments Limited.
The new microfinance bank operates with its own license, governance structure, and product roadmap, although it will work closely with its sister company.
“By adding Paystack MFB to our family of brands, we’re finding the right balance through combining the rapid innovation of a tech-first platform with the stability of traditional banking,” said Ms Amandine Lobelle, Paystack’s chief operating officer.
Last year, it launched its controversial consumer payments app Zap, and now it is taking a step further with the company securing regulatory backing to become a deposit-taking institution. According to a statement, the bank will be guided by the same principles that shaped Paystack’s early success, including reliability, simplicity, transparency, and trust.
Paystack MFB has begun operations with a small group of early members and plans a gradual rollout to more businesses and individuals. The company also announced the opening of a waitlist for interested users and confirmed it is recruiting a dedicated team to help build its long-term banking infrastructure.
Banking
N1.3bn Transfer Error: EFCC Recovers N802.4m from Customer for First Bank
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has helped First Bank of Nigeria to recover the sum of N802.4 million from a suspect, Mr Kingsley Eghosa Ojo, who unlawfully took possession of over N1.3 billion belonging to the bank.
The funds were handed over the financial institution by the Benin Zonal Directorate of the anti-money laundering agency on Monday, January 12, 2026, a statement on Tuesday confirmed.
First Bank approached the EFCC for the recovery of the money through a petition, claiming that the suspect received the money into his account after system glitches.
The commission in its investigation; discovered that the suspect, upon the receipt of the money, transferred a good measure of it to the bank accounts of his mother, Mrs Itohan Ojo and that of his sister, Ms Edith Okoro Osaretin, and committed part of the money to completion of his building project and the funding of a new flamboyant lifestyle.
With the recovery of the money from the identified bank accounts, the EFCC handed it over in drafts to First Bank.
While handing over the lender, the acting Director for the Directorate, Mr Sa’ad Hanafi Sa’ad, stressed his organisation would continue to discharge its mandate effectively in the overall interests of society.
“The EFCC Establishment Act empowers us to trace and recover proceeds of crime and restitute the victim. In this case, First Bank was the victim and that is exactly what we have done.
“We will continue to discharge our duties to ensure that fraudsters do not benefit from fraud and that economic and financial crimes are nipped in the bud,” he said.
In his response, the Business Manager for First Bank in Benin City, Mr Olalere Sunday Ajayi, who received the drafts on behalf of the bank, commended the EFCC for the swiftness and the professionalism it brought to bear in the handling of the matter and expressed the bank’s gratitude to the commission.
He described the EFCC as one of Nigeria’s most effective and reliable institutions.
Meanwhile, Mr Kingsley and all other suspects in the matter have been charged to court for stealing by the EFCC.
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