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Two Major Battles Ahead of Tier-2 Nigerian Banks

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CBN interbank forex market

Dipo Olowookere

Last month, Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Mr Godwin Emefiele, announced at a media briefing that he would likely force deposit money banks in the country to increase their minimum capital base from its present level within the next five years.

The last recapitalisation of the banking sector was in 2004 under the leadership of Mr Charles Soludo as CBN Governor.

During the exercise, the central bank raised the capital base from N2 billion to N25 billion and for those who could not meet this requirement on their own, they had to merge with others or were acquired by bigger financial institutions.

Since the announcement by Mr Emefiele on June 24, 2019, shareholders of some banks, especially the tier-two and three, have been wondering what could happen next to their companies.

In fact, there was a recent report that Access Bank, which merged with Diamond Bank in March 2019, was planning to acquire Union Bank of Nigeria Plc. But both banks have denied the rumour, saying there was no iota of truth in it.

Though the CBN is yet to announce what the new minimum capital base would be, there are indications that it could be raise by over 100 percent and for some struggling banks, this might be the end of the road for them.

For shareholders of the banks in this category, this is one of the major challenges that might prove too difficult to surmount.

At the last recapitalisation, some financial institutions had to approach the stock market to raise funds to meet the new CBN requirement.

It is not certain if some banks having their share value badly damaged would attract sympathy of their shareholders in raising fresh capital via rights issue or any other means available this time around.

Another critical issue identified by Business Post facing some mid-level banks at the moment is the recent pronouncement by the CBN that deposit money banks in the country should give out 60 percent of their deposits to customers as loan.

Since the apex bank said financial institutions must have a loan-to-deposit ratio of 60 percent by September 30, 2019, many lenders have been devising ways to meet the requirements.

It is however, important to note that four of the five tier-one banks have LDR less than 60 percent.

But these big players in the sector have the capacity to pay for the sanctions stipulated by the central bank for failing to meet up by September 2019.

This may not be the same with these struggling tier-two banks, who are still finding it hard to remain in business because of their Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR).

Apart from Access Bank Plc, which has an LDR of 69.9 percent, every other banks in its peer are below the 60 percent requirement of the CBN.

GTBank has an LDR of 53.1 percent, First Bank has an LDR of 47.4 percent, UBA has an LDR of 47.9 percent, while Zenith Bank has an LDR of 50.1 percent.

How some tier-two banks will solve the two aforementioned challenges is what some observers would be waiting to see with keen interest. Will their shareholders come to the rescue? Only time will definitely tell.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Banking

Moniepoint Expands into East Africa with Sumac Deal

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moniepoint Sumac Microfinance Bank

By Adedapo Adesanya

Nigerian business-banking unicorn, Moniepoint, is eyeing a considerable foothold in East Africa as it completed the acquisition of a 78 per cent stake in Kenya’s Sumac Microfinance Bank.

The deal was finalised on Thursday and provides Moniepoint with a deposit-taking licence, an essential requirement for its credit-led expansion strategy.

The acquisition of Sumac allows Moniepoint to bypass the Central Bank of Kenya’s (CBK) policy to halt new licences to new foreign players. It will also ease worries after its move to buy payments firm Kopo Kopo failed.

By securing a majority stake in the 20-year-old institution, Moniepoint gains the regulatory infrastructure needed to deploy its high-velocity lending model to Kenya’s small and medium -sized enterprises (SMEs).

Sumac is a tier-three lender, and with its existing branch network and regulatory standing, the lender offers Moniepoint one of the ways to scale in a region increasingly shaped by digital-first credit.

The move also signals the company’s ambition to build a cross-border ecosystem that captures the entire merchant value chain, rather than solely on transaction fees.

Moniepoint’s entry into Kenya follows its acquisition of Orda, a cloud-based restaurant software provider for an undisclosed sum earlier this week, in a push to tap into the billion-dollar restaurants’ economy.

The company plans to export its business-in-a-box strategy, which integrates inventory management, payroll, and working capital by combining Orda’s vertical Software as a Service (SaaS) capabilities with Sumac’s banking infrastructure.

Orda will be rebranded Moniebook for Restaurants and integrated into Moniebook, Moniepoint’s business management platform. Orda will continue to operate as a standalone business until the full integration is completed in the coming months.

Orda currently operates in Nigeria and Kenya, but the acquisition only covers its Nigerian operations. However, with its presence in Kenya, it may set the tone for the acquisition of that subsidiary.

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CBN Targets Inflation, FX Stability, Stronger Reserves in Next Phase Policy Focus

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CBN - Yemi Cardoso

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Mr Yemi Cardoso, said the central bank would now focus on a five-point policy agenda aimed at consolidating recent macroeconomic gains and steering the country toward sustained stability.

Mr Cardoso, while speaking at the 2026 Monetary Policy Forum held in Abuja on Thursday, set out the lender’s next phase of reforms anchored on inflation control, exchange rate stability, stronger reserves, deeper financial markets, and improved policy effectiveness.

The forum, themed Strengthening Nigeria’s Macroeconomic Stability Through Effective Monetary Policy: The Roles of Critical Stakeholders, brought together fiscal authorities, financial institutions, private sector players, and development partners.

He said the CBN will be positioning its five-point agenda as the cornerstone of the next phase of economic management.

Mr Cardoso said while recent reforms had delivered measurable improvements across key indicators, the focus had now shifted to consolidation.

He identified the five priorities as anchoring inflation firmly on a downward path to single-digit levels, sustaining exchange rate stability, strengthening external reserves through organic inflows, deepening interbank market development, and enhancing the transmission of monetary policy.

According to Mr Cardoso, the priorities reflect a deliberate strategy to entrench stability and improve the efficiency of the monetary framework. “The journey is far from complete. Our next phase is focused on consolidation,” Cardoso said, stressing that maintaining discipline and consistency would be critical to achieving durable outcomes.

He noted that the bank’s tightening measures and foreign exchange reforms had already begun to yield results, with inflation moderating, reserves strengthening, and market confidence improving.

However, he cautioned that sustaining these gains would require strong coordination between monetary and fiscal authorities.

Mr Cardoso emphasised that macroeconomic stability could not be achieved in isolation, describing it as a shared responsibility among policymakers, financial institutions, and the broader economic system.

He said disciplined fiscal operations, aligned policy actions, and continuous stakeholder engagement would be essential in delivering on the Bank’s objectives.

The CBN governor also highlighted the importance of deepening the interbank market to improve liquidity distribution and enhance the effectiveness of policy signals across the financial system.

He added that strengthening monetary policy transmission mechanisms would ensure that policy decisions translate more efficiently into real sector outcomes, including price stability and economic growth.

On external buffers, Mr Cardoso said the bank would continue to prioritise reserve accretion through sustainable sources, including improved foreign exchange inflows and enhanced market confidence. He explained that stronger reserves would provide a critical cushion against external shocks and support exchange rate stability.

The CBN chief further stressed that the success of the consolidation phase would depend on sustained collaboration across institutions.

He reaffirmed the apex bank’s commitment to orthodox monetary policy, transparency, and institutional credibility, noting that the reforms undertaken so far were necessary to correct past distortions and lay the foundation for long-term economic resilience.

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CBN Orders IMTOs to Open Naira Settlement Accounts, Stops Dollar Payments

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CBN IMTOs

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

In a bid to strengthen the Naira and ensure transparency, traceability, and effective monitoring of all transactions, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has directed all International Money Transfer Operators (IMTOs) in the country to open Naira settlement accounts for all transactions.

In a circular dated Tuesday, March 24, 2026, the apex bank said IMTOs have till May 1, 2026, to fully adhere to this directive and others.

It noted that transactions must be “routed strictly through their designated settlement accounts, maintained with Authorised Dealer Banks (ADBs) in Nigeria.”

With this development, diaspora remittances must be paid to beneficiaries in the local currency.

“All transactions arising from international money transfer operations, including disbursements to beneficiaries and any related settlements, must be processed exclusively through the IMTO’s settlement account(s) held with any ADB of their choice.

“IMTOs may use their discretion to designate their existing accounts or open new settlement accounts and may operate accounts with multiple ADBs in line with their business strategy,” the central bank emphasised.

“Settlement accounts shall only be credited with remittance flows and proceeds of foreign exchange conversions by licensed IMTOs (or their agents) with authorised market participants in the Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market (NFEM),” the notice also declared.

It stressed further that, “IMTOs shall ensure that their settlement accounts are properly designated for this purpose and operated in accordance with existing regulatory guidelines. A list of designated settlement accounts shall be advised by each licensed 1MTO to the Director, Trade and Exchange Department, and updated regularly as necessary.”

The CBN said to “support market efficiency and enhance pricing outcomes for 1MTO transactions, ADBs may process foreign currency transfers from 1MTO settlement accounts to other ADBs and approved market participants, including licensed BDCs.”

“IMTOs shall observe real-time market prices from the Bloomberg BMATCH and utilise this as guidance for pricing transactions with their customers and Authorised Dealers.

“This will improve price discovery, reduce information asymmetry between 1MTOs and banks, and encourage increased participation in the official FX market,” the disclosure stated.

Concluding, the apex bank said, “All IMTOs are required to ensure full compliance with this directive and maintain adequate records of related transactions for regulatory review and audit purposes,” reminding them to “maintain acceptable standards and comply with AML/CFT/CPF requirements.”

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