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What is a Debt Consolidation Loan and How Does it Work?

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Debt Consolidation Loan

Debt consolidation is the act of clubbing all your existing loans together and paying them off as one single debt.

The biggest advantage of taking a debt consolidation loan is that you don’t have to worry about connecting with multiple vendors for repayments. There’s no need for managing multiple credit cards and the EMIs you pay are dedicated towards a single big loan.

There are some cases where you cannot apply debt consolidation. For example, you cannot take a debt consolidation loan for paying off pending EMIs for liable or secured assets (such as a home loan).

However, for unsecured loans like personal loans, education loans, and credit card dues, you can apply for a debt consolidation loan to clear them up.

Some organisations these days offer secured debt consolidation loans for individuals where they put up their property or business assets as the collateral.

Unsecured debt consolidation loans are hard to apply for and charge higher rates of interest. Most banks aren’t willing to give out individuals unsecured debt consolidation loans but there are NBFCs, fintech startups, and private organisations that disburse these loans as long as the borrower’s profile is verified and they demonstrate sufficient creditworthiness.

The best part about these loans is that the interest rates remain fixed and do not fluctuate. This means your monthly EMI repayments stay the same and don’t suddenly change, thus giving borrowers peace of mind.

Advantages of Debt Consolidation Loans

Debt Consolidation Loan

There are various reasons why you’d want to opt for a debt consolidation loan. Here’s a list of the benefits:

  • One Single Liability – It’s hard enough to keep track of multiple EMIs and repayment. Going for debt consolidation takes care of this legwork since your lender takes care of the communications. Your only duty is to make sure you make your EMI payments on time for the debt consolidation loan you applied for.
  • Lower Interest Rates – With multiple different loans, you have varying interest rates. But with a debt consolidation loan, you have to worry about a single interest rate. The payoff is lower too and it makes the monthly repayments lesser too.
  • Paperless Process – If you’re applying for a debt consolidation loan online, you’ll find that the entire process is paperless. You can file your application digitally and you’ll find that lenders disburse the amount in just a few days if you meet their borrower requirements.
  • Flexible EMI Tenure – Debt consolidation loans can have a flexible repayment tenure of anywhere between 2 years to 20 years. Self-employed individuals can get a tenure of up to 18 years while salaried individuals are liable for more.

Debt Consolidation Loans vs Debt Settlement

The key point to remember about debt consolidation loans is that they don’t completely erase all your debts. They simply club your loans together and transfer them to a single lender. As a borrower, you become responsible for making repayments to a single lender.

Debt settlement works a bit differently and aims in providing credit relief to borrowers. Here, negotiations are done with lenders to reduce the loan amount or interest rates instead of cutting down on the number of lenders by transferring the debt to an organisation.

There are many credit counselling services and organisations that help in doing debt negotiations with organisations and providing relief to borrowers, although they don’t directly give out any loans on their own.

How Does It Work?

Let’s say you’ve taken a loan of Rs 1 lac over a period of 2 years with an interest rate of 12%. And you have another loan of Rs 2 lacs which you have to clear within a year, its annual interest rate being 10%. The monthly EMI payments for each of these loans may come to around INR 5170 and INR 5830 respectively.

With a debt consolidation loan, your monthly EMI payment would amount to INR 6000 combined. However, the trade-off is that you get a longer tenure for making both the repayments on your existing debts. Instead of making multiple payments to lenders, you can now make a single EMI payment every month and end up saving money on interest. The longer tenure also gives you peace of mind as you know that you can handle your repayments a lot better. Debt consolidation gives you a favourable structure for making repayments and makes it convenient to pay off multiple small loans together by applying for a big loan.

Make sure you identify all your financial obligations and liabilities before going for this type of loan. It’s always a good idea to talk to an advisor before applying for debt consolidation if you’re not sure whether or not to go for one based on your financial circumstances.

What Are The Eligibility Requirements?

If it’s your first time applying for a debt consolidation loan, you’re going to have to make sure your KYC documents are with you. Lenders look for documents such as:

  • Proof of employment and stable income (at least 2 months’)
  • Letters from credit agencies
  • Bank statements
  • Proof of Identity

You must also be a resident of India and be 25 years of age or older. If you’ve been self-employed for years and have taken loans before the age of 23, you can still go ahead and apply for a debt consolidation loan before this age limit criteria. Your lending organisation will decide which creditors you pay off after your debt consolidation loan is approved. The way this works is you pay off your highest-interest loans first and clear up the remaining ones over time.

However, some organisations may allow you to pay lower-interest loans in the beginning and later clear the higher-interest ones. This will depend on your lender whom you’re applying for a debt consolidation loan through or the lending organisation. Additionally, you will have to demonstrate your creditworthiness and show your CIBIL Score when applying for these types of loans.

How Does A Debt Consolidation Loan Affect Your CIBIL Score?

If you take a debt consolidation loan and pay off the principal portion of your loan sooner, it can attract various credit lending organisations to your profile. The sooner you clear out the existing loans, the higher your CIBIL rating will be.

Also, the period involved in making all your repayments becomes shorter since you’re clubbing different debts into a single EMI. Overall, it makes it much easier to manage your existing debt repayments. You can also get a much more reasonable interest rate when you go for debt consolidation and sometimes, you can cut that number to one-thirds depending on what your current CIBIL rating is like.

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Banking

CBN Delists Non-Compliant Bureaux De Change Operators

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cbn rate cut

By Adedapo Adesanya

The operating licences of all legacy Bureau De Change (BDC) operators who failed to meet the new licensing requirements have been revoked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

This happened after the central bank streamlined the BDCs to 82 in order to sanitise the foreign exchange (FX) market in the country.

The latest development was revealed by the apex bank in its Frequently Asked Questions document on the current reform of the bureau de change, published on its website on Tuesday.

According to the document, the CBN has now enforced the final cutoff, declaring that any BDC that did not meet the requirements by the end of November is no longer recognised.

“The guidelines provided a transition timeline of six months from the effective date, 3 June 2024, with a deadline of 3 December 2024, for all existing BDCs to meet the requirement of the new Guidelines or lose their licence(s). However, the management of the CBN graciously extended this deadline by another six months, which ended 3 June 2025, to give ample time for as many legacy BDCs desirous of meeting the new requirements to do so.

“Consequently, any legacy BDC that failed to meet the requirements of the new Guidelines as of 30 November 2025 has ceased to be a BDC, as its licence no longer exists. Please visit the CBN website for the updated list of existing BDCs in Nigeria,” the apex bank said.

According to the CBN, before its latest decision, an extended compliance window was granted under the revised BDC Guidelines. Existing operators were initially given six months, June 3 to December 3, 2024, to satisfy the new regulatory conditions.

The CBN later granted an additional six-month extension, which elapsed on June 3, 2025, to allow more operators to align with the updated standards.

The new measures form part of broader efforts by the CBN to strengthen transparency, compliance, and stability within Nigeria’s foreign exchange market.

The new CBN regulatory framework for BDCs, introduced in February 2024, mandated BDC operators to meet higher capital requirements. Tier-1 operators are required to meet a minimum capital requirement of N2bn, while Tier-2 operators must meet N500m as MCR.

The bank added that it would continue to receive applications on its Licensing, Approval and Requests Portal from prospective promoters, and those that meet the criteria will be considered for a license.

However, the CBN said it reserves the right to discontinue the licensing of BDCs at any time.

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Banking

O3 Capital to Unlock N95bn Festive Spending Boom With Blink Card

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03 Capital Blink Card

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A non-bank credit card issuer, 03 Capital, has introduced a travel card designed to unlock the N95 billion festive spending boom in Nigeria.

The new initiative, known as the 03 Capital Blink Travel Card, promotes economic participation among returning Nigerians, expatriates, and tourists.

A statement from the financial technology (fintech) firm is available instantly to use at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide.

The Blink Card, to be issued in both digital and physical form, is loaded with currency from any foreign bank card, converted to Naira, enabling transactions to be completed in the local currency.

The card offers tap-to-pay and cash withdrawals at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide, making it the ideal solution for visitors to Nigeria.

It also avails Nigerians in the Diaspora to spend like locals when they return to their country of origin.

Payments for goods and services can be completed via the virtual Blink Card, linked to the O3Cards app. Funds can also be transferred instantly to all local banks and other financial institutions.

According to the World Bank, remittance inflows account for approximately 5.6 per cent of Nigeria’s gross domestic product (GDP), and the resultant spending power is unlocked when the Diaspora returns home for the festive period.

In December 2024, about N95 billion was injected into the Nigerian economy by inbound passengers – 90 per cent being diasporic Nigerians – spending on short-let accommodation and hotels, events and hospitality, nightlife and dining, and vehicle rentals.  The launch of the Blink Card promises to spur this spending further, providing a significant boost to local businesses.

Blink Cards are available for collection at all Nigerian international airports, offering an immediate and hassle-free route to financial empowerment for people arriving in the country.

Blink Card carriers benefit from increased convenience, flexibility, and safety by not needing to carry large amounts of physical cash, while the ability to pre-load cards promotes smarter budgeting practices.

“We are excited to launch the Blink Card to promote greater economic participation among visitors to Nigeria.

“The card removes the needless friction and costs involved in legacy foreign exchange and cash payment processes, offering a quicker and more transparent option for spending in the country.

“As Nigerians begin travelling home for Christmas – combined with the regular traffic of arriving tourists, expatriates, and businesspeople – this is the perfect time to launch a solution catering to the financial needs of visitors, tapping into the seasonal spending boom which provides an annual lifeline for local economies and SMEs,” the chief executive of 03 Capital, Abimbola Pinheiro, stated.

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Interswitch Champions Dialogue on Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

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Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Technology leaders from across Nigeria’s digital finance ecosystem recently converged on Eko Convention Centre in Lagos to explore pathways for expanding credit access to underserved communities.

It platform for this was the 2025 Committee of e-Business Industry Heads (CeBIH) Annual Conference themed Reimagining Financial Inclusion through Cultural Shifts in Consumer Credit. Interswitch was a returning gold sponsor.

At a high-impact panel session titled Alternative Credit Scoring for the Underserved, moderated by Wunmi Ogunbiyi of the CeBIH Advisory Council, the Divisional Head of Product Management and Solution Delivery at Verve International, a subsidiary of Interswitch Group, Mr Ademola Adeniran, examined how alternative data and digital intelligence can unlock credit for millions excluded by conventional financial models.

“For us, this conversation goes beyond technology. It is about designing credit systems that truly reflect African realities.

“Millions transact daily outside traditional banking frameworks, and alternative credit scoring enables us to recognise that economic activity and responsibly convert it into access to finance.

“At Verve and Interswitch, we are committed to building the digital infrastructure that makes this inclusion scalable and sustainable,” Mr Adeniran stated.

Also, the Vice President for Sales and Account Management, Digital Infrastructure and Managed Services at Interswitch Systegra, Ms Robinta Aluyi, stressed the importance of African-led solutions in addressing the continent’s financial challenges, noting that sustainable progress must be rooted in local realities.

Interswitch’s strength, she said, lies in the fact that it was built on the continent, for the continent, with solutions designed to serve individuals, small businesses, enterprises, and government institutions across every layer of the payment value chain.

She also emphasized the company’s purpose-driven approach to building the infrastructure that powers Africa’s digital economy and enabling secure money movement on a scale.

“Interswitch helps people navigate their daily lives with greater ease. We make transactions flow safely and reliably. We do this by connecting banks, supporting secure and reliable payments, and strengthening the entire value chain of digital finance.

“Today, we hold a significant portion of the market, and that achievement reflects the deep trust our banking and fintech partners place in our platforms. We continue to deliver because the ecosystem has worked with us every step of the way,” Ms Aliyu said.

There were also contributions from Munachimso Duru, Head, Products, Partnership and Innovation, Afrigopay Financial Services Limited; Damola Giwa, Country Manager, Visa West Africa; Nike Kolawole, representing Aisha Abdullahi, Executive Director, Credit and Portfolio Management, CREDICORP; and Ifeanyi Chukuwekem, Head, Corporate Strategy Department, eTranzact, offering a broad industry perspective on the future of responsible credit delivery.

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