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House Gives Buhari Approval to Present N13.98tn Budget for 2022

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House Budget for 2022

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

The federal government has been given the approval to present to the National Assembly a budget of N13.98 trillion for the 2022 fiscal year.

This authorisation was given on Tuesday by the House of Representatives when it passed the 2022-2024 Medium Term Expenditure Framework/Fiscal Strategy Paper (MTEF/FSP) barely a week after the Senate passed the same document.

This followed the presentation of the MTEF/FSP report before members of the green chamber of the parliament yesterday by the Chairman, Committee on Finance, Mr James Faleke.

Business Post reports that in July 2021, President Muhammadu Buhari had forwarded the MTEF/FSP document to the legislative arm of government for approval. It was later handed over to the committee for action and yesterday, the report was laid by Mr Faleke.

In the report, it was said that revenue of N8.36 trillion would be retained, while the total fiscal spending plan of N13.98 trillion for next year was approved, comprising total recurrent (non-debt) of N6.21 trillion, personnel costs (MDAs) of N3.47 trillion, capital expenditure (exclusive of transfers) N3.26 trillion, special intervention (recurrent) of N350 billion, and special intervention (capital) of N10 billion.

Also, the House said it has no issue with the proposed fiscal deficit of N5.62 trillion, new borrowings of N4.89 trillion subject that the provision of the details of the borrowing plan be brought for approval by the parliament, while statutory transfers of N613.4 billion were okayed.

The lower arm of the National Assembly also put the debt service estimate at N3.12 trillion, the sinking fund at N292 billion, and pension, gratuities and retirees benefits at N567 billion.

On daily crude oil production, the House approved 1.88mbpd, 2.23mbpd, and 2.22mbpd for 2022, 2023 and 2024 respectively “in view of average 1.93mbpd over the past three (3) years and the fact that a very conservative oil output benchmark has been adopted for the medium term in order to ensure greater budget realism.”

As for the crude oil benchmark, $57 per barrel was approved for 2022, $55 for 2023 and 2024 “based on oil forecast by the World Bank and consultation with the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).”

Similarly, the exchange rate of N410.15/$1 was approved for 2022-2024 as proposed by the executive arm of government, while the projected gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 4.20 per cent was also approved, with the projected inflation rate was put at 13.00 per cent.

In a statement issued by the reps, it was stated that, “That there should be a continuous review of the Fiscal Responsibility Act to ensure that all revenues are remitted to the Consolidated Revenue Fund (CRF) as at when due, in order to curtail frivolous deductions and diversion of funds by the Ministries Department Agencies.”

In addition, it was said that all laws relating to mining businesses should be reviewed as a matter of urgency to ensure upward review of rates applied to royalties, ground rent and licenses renewal of all mining companies operating in Nigeria to ensure transparency in the collection of revenue by the relevant agencies of the government and also look into the issues of illegal mining activities by recommending stringent sanctions in the proposed new laws.

Furthermore, the House advised the Nigeria Customs Service to accelerate the process of installing scanners at all ports across the country to curb the issue of underpayment of customs duties on imported goods which has resulted in huge loss of revenue to the government and to further improve its activities at all borders across the country in order to curb the issues of smuggling across border areas.

“The Committee recommends urgent implementation of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) recently assented to by the President in order to curtail the problems of smuggling and round-tripping of petroleum products imported into the country to save the under-recovery cost,” the statement noted.

The parliament suggested that “the offices of the Accountant General (AGF), Auditor General of the Federation (AuGF) and Fiscal Responsibility Commission (FRC) be strengthened in the area of staffing and proper funding of its activities to ensure optimal performance of their duties in order to adequately monitor the remittances of all government revenues,” while the “Act establishing some MDAs be reviewed and amended as a matter of urgency to evidence a more nationalistic interest, as these amendments will assist to generate more revenue to the coffers of the government.”

In the statement, the House urged that the federal government budget should be “reviewed and be purged of some agencies that demonstrated capacity to stand on their own without any recourse to Federal Government of Nigeria Budget for example; National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Zaria (NCAT).”

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Economy

Bitcoin Trading Surges Ahead of Inauguration as Open Interest Hits $237m

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Bitcoin news

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

As the world, particularly the United States prepare for the second coming of Mr Donald Trump to the White House next Monday, there have been significant interest in the cryptocurrency market.

Mr Trump, who was the President of the US from 2017 to 2021, won the 2024 presidential election by defeating the current Vice President, Ms Kamala Harris, who was the candidate of the Democratic Party, and will be sworn-in on Monday, January 20, 2025, for a second term in office.

The Head of Research at Derive.xyz, Mr Sean Dawson, while commenting on the renewed interest in Bitcoin ((BTC) and other digital coins in the market, said, “In the last 24 hours, BTC trading activity has surged, with open interest hitting an impressive $237 million.

“With 38 per cent of BTC contracts being calls bought and 37.3 per cent puts bought, it’s clear that traders are positioning for increased volatility, particularly with the inauguration just days away.

“This appetite for market swings likely reflects growing uncertainty in U.S. markets as expectations for a near-term rate cut diminish.”

“Additionally, bearish sentiment appears to be gaining traction, with BTC puts now making up 40 per cent of all open interest, a sharp increase from 20 per cent just last week. This shift suggests traders are hedging against potential downside risks as we approach the inauguration.

“Implied volatility (IV) trends further highlight this heightened uncertainty. BTC’s 7-day ATM IV has risen by 3 per cent to 56.5 per cent, while the 30-day IV is up 1.5 per cent, now at 57.5%. This steady climb points to a more volatile market sentiment leading up to the event,” he further said.

”ETH, on the other hand, has seen an even more pronounced spike in IV. Over the past 24 hours, ETH’s 7-day IV has surged by 6 per cent to 74 per cent, nearly double the rise seen in BTC.

“Meanwhile, its 30-day IV has climbed 2.5 per cent to 69.5 per cent. This disparity suggests ETH traders are anticipating greater immediate volatility, possibly due to its higher sensitivity to macroeconomic shifts and speculation surrounding post-inauguration policies.

“As the inauguration draws near, these trends underline a pivotal moment for traders, with both BTC and ETH markets reflecting a mix of caution and readiness for potential sharp moves,” Mr Dawson stated.

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Economy

Nigeria’s Inflation Jumps to 34.80% in December 2024

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inflation in Nigeria

By Adedapo Adesanya

Nigeria’s inflation hit 34.80 per cent in December 2024 from 34.60 per cent in November 2024, spurred by festive activities.

This was disclosed by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in its first published data after almost a month of blackout on its website following a purported hack.

The December 2024 headline inflation rate showed a marginal increase of 0.20 per cent compared to the November 2024 headline inflation rate.

This was due to December festive period increases in demand for goods and services.

On a year-on-year basis, the headline inflation rate was 5.87 per cent higher than the rate recorded in December 2023 (28.92 per cent). This shows that the headline inflation rate (year-on-year basis) increased in December 2024 compared to the same month in the preceding year (i.e., December 2023).

On the contrary, the month-on-month basis, the headline inflation rate in December 2024 was 2.44 per cent, which was 0.20 per cent lower than the rate recorded in November 2024 at 2.64 per cent.

This means that in December 2024, the rate of increase in the average price level is slightly lower than the rate of increase in the average price level in November 2024.

Meanwhile, the food inflation rate in the festive month was 39.84 per cent on a year-on-year basis, 5.91 per cent points higher compared to the rate recorded in December 2023 at 33.93 per cent.

The rise in food inflation on a year-on-year basis was caused by increases in prices of the following items; yam, water yam, sweet potatoes, etc (potatoes, yam & other tubers class), beer, pinto (tobacco class), guinea corn, maize grains, rice, etc (bread and cereals class), and dried fish-sadine, catfish dried, etc (fish class).

On a month-on-month basis, the Food inflation rate in December 2024 was 2.66 per cent which shows a 0.32 per cent decrease compared to the rate recorded in November 2024 at 2.98 per cent.

The decline can be attributed to the rate of decrease in the average prices of local beer (burukutu), pinto (tobacco Class), fruit juice in tin, malt drinks, etc (soft drinks class), rice, millet, maize flour, etc (bread and cereals class) and water yam, irish potatoes, coco yam, etc (potatoes, yam & other tubers class).

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Economy

Tinubu Seeks Investors’ Support on Third Sovereign Green Bond Issuance

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Nigeria's green bond market

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

President Bola Tinubu has called on investors to collaborate with his administration on the issuance of the third Sovereign Green Bond later this year.

Speaking on Wednesday in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Mr Tinubu said his government was ready to work with other nations to build a resilient, equitable, and sustainable world for all.

“Our energy transition plans, like many nations, are aimed at diversifying energy sources and reducing dependency on fossil fuels, prioritising the transition to cleaner energy sources as a cornerstone of our national development strategy,” the President said on the second day of the 2025 Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week themed From Climate Imperatives into Economic Prosperity: Bridging Africa with the Global Energy Future.

He called on partner countries to collaborate in mobilising resources to tackle these challenges and embrace innovation and technology.

“To promote a Green Economy in Africa, we must focus on integrating sustainable practices in all sectors of our economy.

“These investments are capital intensive and require international support from partner countries, including multinational organisations, development partners and individuals who share our vision of a sustainable, prosperous and equitable future,” he stated.

President Tinubu said, “Nigeria became the first country in Africa to initiate funding of green projects through Sovereign Green Bond proceeds, the third issuance of which is in progress.

“We urge investors to partner with us in this regard. Our administration remains committed to providing an enabling environment for businesses to thrive in Nigeria.

“By partnering with global leaders and harnessing the power of technology, we are finding new and innovative ways to address our environmental challenges. We have arable agricultural lands for advanced technological farming, including a bright future for Artificial Intelligence.”

He declared that no single nation can walk the road to sustainability alone, stressing that global interconnectedness demands collective action, knowledge sharing, and mutual support.

“The fight against climate change is not merely an environmental necessity but a global economic opportunity to reshape the trajectory of our continent and the global energy landscape.

“As leaders, stakeholders and citizens of our planet, we stand at a critical juncture in human history. To succeed, we must innovate, collaborate and act decisively as one global community,” the Nigerian leader disclosed.

Reiterating his administration’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions, President Tinubu assured the audience that the Nigerian government had developed actionable programmes in line with global expectations, bearing in mind Nigeria’s economic and political expectations.

“We have embraced a vision of sustainability that aligns with global aspirations while addressing local realities. Our efforts are anchored on three pillars: Energy Transition, Climate Resilience, and Sustainable Development.

“My administration recognises the importance of reducing carbon emissions and a just transition to clean and renewable energy, promoting environmental sustainability and economic growth,” he noted.

Mr Tinubu added that Nigeria is developing infrastructure for the widespread use of Compressed Natural Gas and electric vehicles and harnessing the potential in solid minerals to support the green energy transition.

He stressed that his country is also implementing climate-smart agricultural practices to enhance food security and lessen its destructive environmental impact.

These include the introduction of the National Clean Cooking Policy, which aims to promote clean energy, environmental and health benefits, and socio-economic development in the African region.

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