Economy
Navigating the Winds of Change: Crypto Trading in Nigeria Faces New Tax Realities
In the dynamic landscape of Nigeria’s economy, crypto trading has emerged as both a refuge and a challenge amid currency devaluation and economic uncertainties. According to a recent report by New York-based blockchain research firm Chainalysis, Nigeria’s crypto transactions witnessed a substantial 9% year-over-year growth, reaching an impressive $56.7 billion between July 2022 and June 2023. This surge can be attributed to a growing number of Nigerians beginning to trade crypto like bitcoin and stablecoins, particularly during periods of extreme drops in the value of the naira.
From Ban to Tax: The Unpredictable Trajectory
The crypto boom in Nigeria gained momentum as citizens sought alternatives to hedge against the devaluation of the national currency, exacerbated by bold economic reforms implemented by President Bola Tinubu. Notably, the scrapping of a costly petrol subsidy and the removal of certain exchange rate restrictions contributed to the weakening of the naira.
In response to these economic challenges, Nigeria’s young and tech-savvy population turned to cryptocurrencies, leveraging peer-to-peer trading options offered by crypto exchanges to navigate around the 2021 ban on crypto transactions imposed by the country’s banks and financial institutions.
However, as the crypto market flourished, the government took an unexpected turn in 2023. In a surprising move, the Buhari-led government introduced a new law to tax gains on digital assets, including cryptocurrencies. This shift marked a departure from the 2021 ban and showcased the government’s willingness to explore crypto taxation as a potential revenue source.
The crypto tax, embedded in a series of amendments to the 2022 Finance Act, imposes a 10% tax on profits from digital assets. This involves not solely cryptocurrencies but also non-fungible tokens and other tokenized assets, as elucidated by Adewale Ajayi, a partner at KPMG. The implementation of this tax, nevertheless, surprised numerous individuals in the crypto community, instigating discussions on the absence of a well-defined policy framework and stakeholder participation in the decision-making process.
Challenges and Debates: Navigating the Road Ahead
Obinna Iwuno, the president of the Stakeholders in Blockchain Technology Association of Nigeria (SiBAN), expressed bewilderment at the sudden imposition of a tax without a comprehensive policy framework. He highlighted the necessity for cooperation between the government and stakeholders in the cryptocurrency realm to guarantee impartial and well-informed decision-making.
Opponents contend that, although levying taxes on cryptocurrency is not inherently erroneous, excessive taxation could impede the development of an industry that is still in its early stages. Davizoe Effiong, CEO of BEI Consultancy, warned against the potential negative impact on crypto adoption, suggesting that capping the tax profit at 5% could strike a balance between revenue generation for the government and sustaining the growth of the crypto ecosystem.
One key challenge highlighted by crypto traders, such as Wale, is the need for the government to formalize and legitimize the crypto industry. To effectively implement the tax, there must be collaboration with international exchanges and the licensing of crypto traders. The government’s recent directive to Binance Nigeria Limited to cease soliciting Nigerian investors is indicative of its efforts to regulate and control the crypto space.
The crypto community awaits the release of guidelines from Nigeria’s tax authority, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), in collaboration with the Joint Tax Board. As the regulatory landscape evolves, questions loom over the enforcement of the tax and its potential impact on the promises made by President Bola Tinubu’s administration, which expressed a bullish stance on crypto and blockchain technology.
Conclusion
In summary, the trajectory of cryptocurrency trading in Nigeria mirrors an intricate interaction among economic circumstances, governmental directives and the ambitions of a technology-savvy populace. While the country contends with the imperative for fresh income streams, the cryptocurrency sector stands at a juncture, weighing the prospective advantages of taxation against the hazard of impeding its advancement. The coming months will reveal how Nigeria navigates these challenges and whether the crypto tax becomes a catalyst for industry maturation or a hurdle to widespread adoption.
By Dipo Olowookere
A cryptocurrency investor and owner of Polyfarm, Mr Bamu Gift Wandji, is currently cooling off in the custody of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC).
He was handed over to the anti-money laundering agency by the Nigerian Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) on Friday, January 30, 2026, after his arrest on Monday, January 12, 2026.
A statement from the EFCC yesterday disclosed that the suspect was apprehended by the NSCDC in Gwagwalada, Abuja for running an investment scheme without the authorisation of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which is the apex capital market regulator in Nigeria.
It was claimed that Mr Wandji created a fraudulent crypto investment platform called Polyfarm, where he allegedly lured innocent Nigerians to invest in Polygon, a crypto token that attracts high returns.
Investigation further revealed that he also deceived the public that his project, Polyfarm, has its native token called “polyfarm coin” which he sold to the public.
In his bid to promote the scheme, the suspect posted about this on social media platforms, including WhatsApp, X (formally Twitter) and Telegram. He also conducted seminars in some major cities in Nigeria including Kaduna, Lagos, Port Harcourt and Abuja where he described the scheme as a life-changing programme.
Further investigation revealed that in October, 2025, subscribers who could not access their funds were informed by the suspect that the site was attacked by Lazarus group, a cyber attacking group linked to North Korea.
Further investigations showed that Polyfarm is not registered and not licensed with SEC to carry out crypto transactions in Nigeria. Also, no investment happened with subscribers’ funds and that the suspect used funds paid by subscribers to pay others in the name of profit.
Investigation also revealed that native coin, polyfarm coin was never listed on coin market cap and that the suspect sold worthless coins to the general public.
Contrary to the claim of the suspect that his platform was attacked, EFCC’s investigations revealed that the platform was never attacked or hacked by anyone and that the suspect withdrew investors’ funds and utilized the same for his personal gains.
The EFCC, in the statement, disclosed that Mr Wandji would be charged to court upon conclusion of investigations.
By Dipo Olowookere
Profit-takers pounced on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited on Friday, weakening it by 0.09 per cent at the close of transactions.
Investors toned down on their hunger for Nigerian stocks during the last trading session of the week, with selling pressure mainly on the banking space, which shed 0.78 per cent.
The bourse crumbled despite the other sectors closing green, with the consumer goods up by 0.10 per cent, and the energy index up by 0.02 per cent, while the industrial index closed flat.
Livestock Feeds depreciated by 10.00 per cent to sell for N6.30, Learn Africa declined by 10.00 per cent to N8.10, Living Trust Mortgage Bank also slipped by 10.00 per cent to N4.05, Deap Capital gave up 9.97 per cent to trade at N9.39, and Industrial and Medical Gases lost 9.61 per cent to finish at N31.50.
On the flip side, Zichis appreciated by 9.97 per cent to N4.19, Abbey Mortgage Bank gained 9.94 per cent to quote at N9.40, RT Briscoe jumped by 9.93 per cent to N7.86, Haldane McCall grew by 9.90 per cent to N4.33, and Omatek increased by 9.87 per cent to N3.00.
Business Post reports that the market breadth index was positive despite the poor outcome, recording 33 price gainers and 31 price losers, representing strong investor sentiment.
The All-Share Index was down by 156.91 points during the session to 165,370.40 points from the 165,527.31 points achieved a day earlier, and the market capitalisation depleted by N184 billion to N106.153 trillion from N105.969 trillion.
Trading data showed that 687.4 million equities valued at N15.0 billion exchanged hands in 41,553 deals yesterday compared with the 691.4 million equities worth N15.4 billion traded in 38,665 deals on Thursday, implying a jump in the number of deals by 7.47 per cent, and a slip in the trading volume and value by 2.60 per cent, respectively.
The busiest stock on Friday was Veritas Kapital with 80.5 million units worth N197.0 million, Secure Electronic Technology transacted 79.3 million units valued at N87.5 million, Deap capital transacted 33.3 million units for N340.5 million, Access Holdings sold 31.0 million units valued at N703.0 million, and Zenith Bank exchanged 30.6 million units worth N2.2 billion.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange appreciated by 0.20 per cent on Friday, January 30, supported by the gains achieved by two securities on the platform.
During the session, Okitipupa Plc went up by N15.70 to finish at N234.60 per share versus the previous day’s N218.90 per share and Paintcomm Investment Plc expanded by 5 Kobo to close at N11.05 per unit compared with the previous day’s N11.00 per unit.
It was observed that yesterday, there were three price losers led by Geo-Fluids Plc, which dropped 60 Kobo to sell at N5.75 per share versus N6.35 per share, Afriland Properties Plc declined by 35 Kobo to close at N13.65 per unit compared with Thursday’s closing price of N14.00 per unit, and Industrial and General Insurance (IGI) Plc depreciated by 3 Kobo to 66 Kobo per share from 69 Kobo per share.
At the close of business, the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) rose by 7.34 points to 3,630.11 points from 3,622.77 points and the market capitalisation grew by N4.39 billion to N2.171 trillion from N2.167 trillion.
A total of 287,618 units of securities exchanged hands on Friday compared with the previous day’s 1.9 million units of securities, indicating a decline in the volume of trades by 85.6 per cent.
The value of transactions, according to data, was down by 77.2 per cent to N3.1 million from N13.4 million, but the number of deals increased by 31.3 per cent to 21 deals from 16 deals.
Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc remained the most traded stock by value (year-to-date) with 15.4 million units exchanged for N623.0 million, followed by FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc with 1.6 million units traded for N108.5 million, and Geo-Fluids Plc with 9.1 million units valued at N61.1 million.
CSCS Plc also ended the session as the most active stock by volume (year-to-date) with 15.4 million units sold for N623.0 million, followed by Mass Telecom Innovation Plc with 10.1 million units worth N4.1 million, and Geo-Fluids Plc with 9.1 million units valued at N61.1 million.
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