Economy
Nigeria Considers $2.8bn External Loan for 2020 Budget
By Dipo Olowookere
The Debt Management Office (DMO) on Friday said Nigerian government was considering taking loan from foreign sources to fund the 2020 budget signed into law by President Muhammadu Buhari a month ago.
On December 17, 2019, Mr Buhari, who travelled to the United Kingdom today for an investment summit starting next Monday, signed the 2020 Appropriation Bill into law. His government proposed to spend N10.33 trillion in this fiscal year, which kicked off on January 1.
In a chat with newsmen today, Director General of DMO, Ms Patience Oniha, said the President Buhari administration was planning new borrowings of N1.60 trillion, with N850 billon (about $2.8 billion at an exchange rate of N306/$1) and N744.99 billion for external and domestic loans respectively.
She noted that the foreign loans would come mainly from concessionary and semi concessionary sources due to the lower interest rate and longer tenors, adding that, “Any shortfall thereafter may be raised from commercial sources.”
The debt office noted that in the 2019 budget, a provision was made for an external borrowing of N802.82 ($2.62 billion), but this was never pursued due to late passage of the appropriation act.
“The 2019 Appropriation Act provided for a total new borrowing of N1.61 trillion split equally between domestic and external, only the domestic component of N802.82 billion was raised due to the late passage of the 2019 Appropriation Act and the expectation that the implementation of the 2020 budget would commence on January 1, 2020,” the DMO said.
However, there are indications that the external borrowing will be done.
The debt office also said last year, the ratio of domestic debt to external debt stood at 69:31 as at September 2019, an improvement over the 71:29 as at September 2018 compared with the target of 60:40 in the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy.
It also said the ratio of long term to short term debt in the domestic debt as at September 2019 was 80:20, which shows that the target of 75:25 had been outperformed by September 2019, an improvement over the ratio of 73:23 recorded in September 2018.
Economy
Expect Naira Below N1,000/$1 with Dangote Refinery at Full Capacity—Otedola
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigerian businessman, Mr Femi Otedola, has congratulated his billionaire friend, Mr Aliko Dangote, on the Dangote Refinery achieving its full nameplate capacity of 650,000 barrels per day, expressing optimism that this will further strengthen the Naira against the US Dollar in the currency market.
In an X post on Thursday, Mr Otedola described it as a transformative milestone for Nigeria and Africa, noting that the refinery’s operations could ease pressure on Nigeria’s foreign exchange reserves.
“I congratulate my friend and brother, @AlikoDangote, on the remarkable achievement of the Dangote Petroleum Refinery reaching its full 650,000 barrels per day capacity.
“More importantly, it is transformational for Nigeria and Africa. Supplying up to 75 million litres of PMS daily changes our energy narrative and conserving foreign exchange.
“With domestic refining now firmly underway after decades of reliance on imports, pressure on the foreign exchange market should ease significantly. I am optimistic that the Naira will strengthen meaningfully, and trading below N1,000/$1 before year-end is increasingly within reach,” he wrote.
Earlier today, it was reported that all key components, including the naphtha hydrotreater, isomerisation unit, and reformer unit, of the single train refinery are now operating steadily at 650,000 barrels per day. This enables the facility to produce up to 75 million litres of Premium Motor Spirit (petrol) daily, significantly boosting Nigeria’s domestic fuel supply and reducing reliance on imports.
The $20 billion refinery, Africa’s largest, began operations in 2023 and has been ramping up production amid challenges, including crude supply issues.
Mr Dangote announced plans in October 2025 to expand capacity to 1.4 million barrels per day, which would make it the world’s largest refinery, surpassing India’s Jamnagar facility.
Mr Otedola added that his best friend is investing an additional $12 billion in this expansion, including the production of polypropylene and Linear Alkyl Benzene for detergents, with work already underway.
“Aliko is not stopping here. He has embarked on an additional $12 billion expansion to increase refining capacity to 1.4 million barrels per day, alongside 2.4 million tons of polypropylene and 400,000 metric tons of Linear Alkyl Benzene for detergent production. Work has already commenced in earnest.
“Congratulations once again, my brother. Nigeria is proud of you,” he said.
Economy
Trade Facilitation: Customs Okays Lagos Free Zone Green Channel
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) has approved the activation of the Lagos Free Zone Green Channel to enable the seamless and controlled movement of Free Zone cargo directly from the Lekki Deep Sea Port to the Lagos Free Zone (LFZ).
This development makes LFZ the first and only zone in the country to operate a sanctioned green channel, reflecting globally recognised port-to-free-zone logistics and customs integration models successfully implemented in leading trade hubs in the Middle East and Asia.
With this, businesses in the Lagos Free Zone can now scale their industrial output with total peace of mind, as every consignment is protected by an unbroken chain of 24/7 CCTV surveillance, telemetry, and tamper-evident digital logs that ensure absolute cargo integrity.
This integration not only secures the supply chain but also builds unrivalled investor confidence by establishing a transparent, high-compliance trade environment monitored directly by the customs.
For manufacturers and distributors, the outcome is a predictable, ultra-fast logistics flow that solidifies LFZ as the most efficient regional hub for Nigerian and West African operations.
“This approval is a testament to our commitment to trade modernisation. The Lagos Free Zone Green Channel will enhance Customs visibility while significantly improving investor confidence in Nigeria’s Special Economic Zones,” the Comptroller-General of Customs, Mr Bashir Adeniyi,” stated.
On her part, the chief executive of LFZ, Mrs Adesuwa Ladoja, said, “The activation of the Lagos Free Zone Green Channel is the latest testament to our customer-centricity and our commitment to continually deliver enhanced ease of doing business for our tenants.
“The Green Channel solidifies the advantages of Lekki Deep Sea Port being physically and digitally integrated into our zone. We have effectively removed the ‘last mile’ uncertainty that has historically challenged Nigerian logistics.
“Our tenants no longer need to navigate the complexities of traditional port exits; instead, they benefit from a high-velocity, customs-integrated corridor that moves cargo with precision and speed.
“This is a game-changer for manufacturing and regional distribution, reinforcing Lagos Free Zone as the premier gateway for those looking to dominate the West African market.”
Economy
Dangote Refinery Finally Hits Full 650,000-Barrel Per Day Capacity
By Adedapo Adesanya
Dangote Refinery has reached its full capacity of 650,000 barrels per day following the successful optimisation of critical processing units, marking a turning point for Africa’s largest refinery, located in Lagos.
The $20 billion facility is now operating at full capacity, a world-record milestone for a single-train refinery.
This achievement comes after the completion of an intensive performance testing on the refinery’s Crude Distillation Unit and Motor Spirit production block.
According to the chief executive of Dangote Refinery, Mr David Bird, the refinery is now positioned to supply up to 75 million litres of petrol daily to the domestic market, a dramatic increase from the 45 million – 50 million litres delivered during the recent festive period.
The development can reshape Nigeria’s energy landscape and reduce the country’s longstanding dependence on imported refined products.
“Our teams have demonstrated exceptional precision and expertise in stabilising both the CDU and MS Block,” Mr Bird said. “This milestone underscores the strength, reliability, and engineering quality that define our operations.”
The refinery has completed a 72-hour series of performance test runs in collaboration with technology licensor UOP, a Honeywell company, to validate operational efficiency and confirm that all critical parameters meet international standards.
The tests covered the naphtha hydrotreater, isomerisation unit, and reformer unit, which together form the backbone of the facility’s gasoline production capability.
The milestone marks another achievement for the businessman and majority stake owner at the facility in his ambition to transform Nigeria from Africa’s largest crude oil producer into a refining powerhouse.
Since the commencement of the facility in 2016, it has faced numerous setbacks, including pandemic-related delays, foreign exchange challenges, and technical complications.
It was finally commissioned in May 2023 to help wean Nigeria off imported petroleum products, due to the chronic underperformance of its state-owned refineries.
Despite being Africa’s largest crude producer, the country has not been able to self-produce, even with four state-owned refineries with a combined capacity of 445,000 barrels per day. This has led to decades of high dependency on importation.
The Dangote refinery’s emergence at full capacity has the potential to eliminate this import dependence while positioning Nigeria as a net exporter to West African markets.
Yet, the refinery faces difficulty securing adequate crude oil supplies from Nigerian producers, forcing it to import feedstock from the US, Brazil, Angola, and other countries.
Mr Bird also confirmed that Phase 2 performance test runs for the remaining processing units are scheduled to commence next week, suggesting further capacity optimisation ahead.
The official emphasised the refinery’s commitment to “enhancing Nigeria’s energy security while supporting industrial development, job creation, and economic diversification.”
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