Economy
Nigeria Records 17% Debt Growth to N26.2trn as at September 2019 – DMO

By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria’s total debt grew by almost 17 percent in one year as at September 2019 to stand at N26.2 trillion, the Debt Management Office (DMO) has disclosed.
This disclosure was made in a press release where it was revealed by the Director-General of the DMO, Ms Patience Oniha, in Abuja on Friday during the presentation of public debt data as at September 2019.
“The comparative figure for September 2018 was N25.701 trillion which implies that in the 12 months period to September 2019 the Total Public Debt grew by 16.88 percent,” she said.
The breakdown showed that Total External Debt, across the Federal, States, and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was N8.3 trillion (13.5 percent); while the Total Domestic Debt was 68.5 percent (Federal Government accruing N13.9 trillion – 53.0 percent with States and FCT amassing N4.0 trillion – 15.4 percent)
The DMO chief said a breakdown of the the total public debt as at September 2019 which includes Promissory Notes stood at N812.650 billion and has been issued to settle the FGN’s arrears to Oil Marketing Companies and State Governments under the Promissory Programme approved by the Federal Executive Council (FEC) and the National Assembly.
Speaking on the country borrowing which saw the country out of recession, Ms Oniha said: “Borrowing came in to fund the budget which included capital projects so when you finance capital projects, you create an entire economy around that in terms of employment, in terms of materials that you buy, in terms of what happens in the environment so there are vendors selling all sort of things so that is the description.”
“We are talking about the multiplier effect of borrowing to finance capital infrastructure and what we generate,” she said.
Ms Oniha also spoke about government issuing promissory notes to its creditors, stating that “these are arrears so it’s not that they did a contract for us now and then we decided to issue a promissory note. These are arrears from several years prior to 2017.”
“It is voluntary on the part of the creditor you don’t have to take a promissory note. You can wait when government has money in its budget to pay you.
“There are provisions in the budget just that they are not large so you can’t be sure when you will get it but you can wait there is no compulsion around it,” she added.
Speaking on new borrowings, she stated that: “the level of New Borrowings in the Appropriation Acts declined consistently since Nigeria exited the recession in the year 2017.
“The increase in the New Borrowings in the Appropriations Acts between 2015 and 2017 was due to the need to stimulate growth and create jobs in the economy as contained in the Economic Recovery Growth Plan (ERGP).”
According to her, “whereas the 2019 Appropriation Act provided for a total New Borrowing of N1.605 trillion split equally between Domestic and External, only the domestic component of N802.82 Billion was raised due to the late passage of the 2019 Appropriation Act and the expectation that the implementation of the 2020 Budget would commence on January 1, 2020.”
The Ratio of Domestic Debt to External Debt at 69:31 as at September 2019 she said was an improvement over the Ratio of 71:29 as at September 2018 “compared to the target of 60:40 in the Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy.”
The Ratio of Long Term to Short Term Debt in the Domestic Debt as at September 2019 was 80:20, which shows that the target of 75:25 had been outperformed by September 2019. Furthermore, it was an improvement over the Ratio of 73:23 recorded in September 2018.
Oniha stated that “total Debt as a percentage of GDP was 18.47 percent as at September 2019 was well within the limit of 25 percent and fares better in comparison with the Debt/GDP ratios of countries such as the United States of America, United Kingdom and Canada with ratios of 105 percent, 85 percent and 90 percent respectively for the same period.”
However, because they generate adequate revenues, their Debt Service/Revenue Ratios for the same period were much lower at 12.5 per cent, 7.5 per cent and 7.5 percent respectively when compared to Nigeria’s 51 per cent in 2017.
The low revenue base of Nigeria relative to its GDP is clearly reflected in the high Debt Service to Revenue Ratio and this is very important for the country to generate more revenue.
“The efforts towards increasing and diversifying revenue such as the passage of the Finance Act and Strategic Revenue Growth Initiative of the Federal Ministry of Finance, Budget and National Planning should thus be supported.” She recommended.
The DMO also unveiled its plans for the year 2020, based on the New Borrowings in the 2020 Appropriation Acts, which comprises of N850 billon and N744.99 billion for External and Domestic Borrowings respectively.
The New Domestic Borrowings will be raised through FGN Bonds, Sukuk, FGN savings Bonds and possibly Green Bonds. For External Borrowings the strategy is to first seek out concessionary and semi concessionary loans due to the lower interest rate and longer tenors. The Debt office added that any shortfall thereafter may be raised from commercial sources.
Economy
Trans Niger Oil Pipeline Now Fully Operational

By Adedapo Adesanya
Trans Niger oil pipeline has returned to normal operations after it was fully restored following a blast that ruptured the structure last week in Rivers State.
This was disclosed by Renaissance spokesperson, Mr Tony Okonedo, on Tuesday.
The Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP), with a capacity of around 450,000 barrels per day, is one of two conduits that export Bonny Light crude from Nigeria, Africa’s biggest oil producer.
Oil output through the TNP was rerouted to an alternative line after blasts ruptured the main link on March 19, according to Nigerian oil consortium Renaissance Group, which now owns Shell’s former onshore subsidiary that operates the pipeline.
Last week, the Trans-Niger Pipeline, which is one of Nigeria’s biggest pipelines and crucial for oil transportation in the Niger Delta, one of the country’s biggest sources of oil, exploded.
It carries the 450,000 barrels’ worth of oil per day mostly to the Bonny Terminal in the federal state of Rivers.
Although the cause of the explosion is unknown at this time, local media suggested it could be related to threats by militant groups to damage oil production facilities.
Later that evening, President Bola Tinubu, during a broadcast, declared a state of emergency in the south-south state.
He also removed the Governor of the state, Mr Similanya Fubara and his deputy, Mrs Ngozi Odu, and replaced them with a sole administrator.
Economy
Dangote Refinery Issues Tender to Sell Residual Fuel Oil

By Adedapo Adesanya
Dangote Refinery reportedly issued a tender on Tuesday to sell 128,000 metric tons of residual fuel oil in April 2025.
Reuters reported that this is according to a summary of the tender document.
The 650,000 barrel per day Dangote refinery will close the tender today — Wednesday, March 26 by 1 pm (Nigerian time)— as it seeks buyers for 88,000 tons of low sulphur straight run fuel oil and 40,000 tons of slurry oil for loading on April 10-12, the summary showed.
Straight run fuel oil is a feedstock processed through secondary refining units and turned into products like petrol and diesel.
Meanwhile, industry monitor firm, IIR noted that Dangote will shut its current 204,000 barrels per day petrol producing unit for 30 days for maintenance tentatively expected to start on June 1.
Dangote’s fuel oil exports averaged 75,000 barrels per day over the period from March to August 2024, but dropped to 20,000 barrels per day from September, according to shipping data analytics firm Kpler, when its petrol making residue fluidized catalytic cracking unit started production.
The refinery has been buying feedstock from across the world— including from the US, Angola, and Algeria— to add to its domestic deliveries as it looks to meet its full capacity target by end of the month.
In February, Mr Edwin Devakumar, vice-president of Dangote Industries Limited (DIL), said the refinery could begin operating at full capacity in 30 days.
The Lagos-based oil facility received above 24 million barrels of Nigerian supply in October and November last year.
The major shareholder in the structure and chairman, Mr Aliko Dangote assured Nigerians that his refinery has over N600 billion worth of premium motor spirit (PMS) in storage that can sufficiently meet Nigeria’s needs.
The buying spree comes as the Naira-for-crude deal with the Dangote Refinery and other local refineries was suspended by the Nigeria National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited.
Nigeria’s decision to cancel the Naira-for-crude deal with the refinery has since created panic in the hearts of marketers and consumers alike.
The 650, 000 barrels per day refinery has also suspended selling petrol in Naira to marketers.
It lamented that there was a mismatch between its sales proceeds and its crude oil purchase obligations, which it said are currently denominated in US Dollars.
Economy
Our Strategies to Stabilize FX Market, Curb Inflation Working—Cardoso

By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Mr Olayemi Cardoso, has lauded the reforms being carried out by his team to restore confidence in the Nigerian economy.
Speaking when a delegation of scholars from the Harvard Kennedy School visited him at the CBN headquarters in Abuja, he said the strategies put in place by the apex bank to stabilize the foreign exchange (FX) market and curb inflation in the country were already yielding positive results.
“Mr Cardoso acknowledged recent challenges but highlighted progress in stabilizing the foreign exchange market and curbing inflation,” a statement from the CBN on Tuesday disclosed.
He expressed the impact of the educational institution in his leadership skill, saying it is an honour to be associated with the Harvard Kennedy School.
“As we reset the bank, we are committed to being a hub for thought leadership. The exposure you gain from institutions like Harvard is invaluable, and we see this as an opportunity to build long-term alliances,” he was quoted to have said.
The CBN chief is an alumnus of the Harvard Kennedy School and the first African elected to the global HKS Alumni Board of Directors.
The visit was part of the scholars’ Africa Trek, which also included stops in Ghana. It is the first time a Harvard Africa Trek delegation would visit the CBN.
The delegation comprised 50 students from 19 countries, including representatives from the Harvard Business School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanford University.
President of the Harvard Kennedy School Alumni Association of Nigeria, Adaora Ndukwe and the HKS Nigeria Trek Delegation Lead, Ms Sheffy Kolade, thanked the central bank for hosting the students.
The Africa Trek initiative is designed to foster direct interactions between emerging global leaders and key policymakers on the continent.
It provides a platform for in-depth discussions around governance, innovation, economic development and the role of central banking in national progress.
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