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Understanding Forex and Cryptocurrency Risks

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forex trading guide

The global financial market is no longer limited to banks and traditional assets. Today, investors move money between foreign exchange (forex) and cryptocurrencies. Both markets offer opportunities, but they also carry risks that need careful control.

Forex is the world’s largest financial market, trading more than $7.5 trillion a day, according to the Bank for International Settlements. Cryptocurrencies are smaller but far more volatile and less regulated. Investors who stay disciplined usually do better than those chasing fast profits.

Leverage and Market Exposure

In forex, one of the main risks is leverage. Brokers allow traders to open large positions with only a small deposit. This can increase profits, but also makes losses bigger. Even a price move of less than one percent can wipe out an account.

Crypto trading has similar dangers. Prices can fall by double digits in a single day. For this reason, stop-loss strategies are essential in both forex and crypto to avoid sudden, heavy losses.

Beginners who want extra guidance can turn to trusted trading guides for beginners, which explain how to manage risk, use leverage safely, and build a structured approach to trading.

Liquidity and Price Swings

Forex usually has high liquidity and fast execution. But during events like central bank decisions, political crises, or natural disasters, spreads can widen. This leads to higher trading costs.

Currencies also respond to interest rate changes. For example, when the US Federal Reserve raises rates, the dollar often strengthens and emerging market currencies weaken. Traders who ignore these cycles face unexpected risks.

Crypto markets face different liquidity problems. Bitcoin and Ethereum trade in large volumes, but many smaller coins lack depth. This makes it hard to exit positions quickly without big price losses.

Counterparty and Security Risks

Forex trading also carries counterparty risk. Regulated brokers protect client funds by keeping them separate from company money. Unregulated or offshore brokers may not do this, which puts investors at risk. Always check a broker’s licence before opening an account.

For crypto, the biggest issue is security. Wallets and exchanges are common targets for hackers. Billions have been lost through scams and breaches. Using cold storage, two-factor authentication, and strong passwords is critical for protecting funds.

Regulation and Government Policy

Forex has strong global oversight, with regulators in Europe, North America, and Asia setting clear rules. These create a safer environment for traders.

Crypto, on the other hand, is less predictable. Government actions such as tax rules, exchange bans, or restrictions often trigger sudden sell-offs. Traders who fail to follow regulatory updates can face heavy losses.

Risk Management Practices

Good risk management is central to long-term success. Traders should commit only a small part of their capital to each position. Stop-loss orders limit sudden shocks, while diversification across different assets reduces overall risk.

Ongoing learning is also critical. Monitoring central bank calendars, blockchain updates, and regulatory changes helps traders prepare for moves. Backtesting strategies and using demo accounts create extra layers of preparation. Nigerian traders can also find useful guidance in forex trading tips, which cover current trends and practical tools in the local market.

Practical Steps for Traders

To reduce risks, traders should:

  • Use leverage with caution.
  • Choose licensed and secure platforms.
  • Expect high volatility in digital assets.
  • Follow global economic indicators.
  • Keep clear records of all trades.

Forex and crypto will continue to attract investors looking for growth and diversification. But both markets carry serious risks, from leverage and liquidity to regulation and security. Traders who stay disciplined, informed, and cautious have a better chance of building consistent results.

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Economy

Three Securities Drag NASD OTC Market Down by 1.01%

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Nigeria's Unlisted Securities Market Sheds 0.78%, NASD Shares up 8.31%

By Adedapo Adesanya

Three securities weakened the NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange by 1.01 per cent on Tuesday, June 23, dragging the market capitalisation down by N25.91 billion to N2.544 trillion from Monday’s N2.570 trillion. Also, the NASD Security Index (NSI) decreased by 43.17 points to 4,239.34 points from 4,282.51 points.

The triplet price losers were Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc, which gave up N4.82 to trade at N75.00 per unit versus Monday’s closing price of N79.82 per unit. NASD Plc depreciated by N3.70 to close at N33.30 per share compared with the preceding day’s N37.00 per share, and Nitrox Industrial Gases Plc marginally lost 1 Kobo to sell at N21.41 per unit, in contrast to the previous session’s N21.42 per unit.

Tuesday’s trading data showed that the volume of securities traded by investors retreated by 35.9 per cent to 211,671 units from 330,034 units, and the value of securities fell by 82.9 per cent to N5.6 million from N32.7 million, while the number of deals doubled to 38 deals from 19 deals.

At the close of trades, Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc was the most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis, with 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, followed by Infrastructure Credit Guarantee (Infracredit) Plc with 2.3 billion units valued at N6.5 billion, and CSCS Plc with 68.1 million units transacted for N4.7 billion.

GNI Plc also closed the trading day as the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis, with 3.4 billion units valued at N8.4 billion, trailed by Infracredit Plc with 2.3 billion units exchanged for N6.5 billion, and Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units sold for N415.7 million.

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Economy

Naira Weakens to N1,370/$1 at Official FX Window

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weakening Naira

By Adedapo Adesanya

A 0.11 per cent or N1.53 loss was recorded by the Nigerian Naira against the US Dollar in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) on Tuesday, June 22, closing at N1,370.64/$1 compared with the previous day’s value of N1,369.11/$1.

However, the domestic currency appreciated against the Pound Sterling in the official FX window during the session by N4.69 to trade at N1,810.75/£1 versus the previous day’s N1,815.44/£1, and gained N5.37 on the Euro to sell at N1,561.02/€1 versus Monday’s exchange rate of N1,566.39/€1.

At the black market segment, the Naira traded flat against the Dollar yesterday at N1,395/$1, and at the GTBank forex desk, it also closed flat at N1,380/$1.

Daily FX update from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) indicated that forex liquidity improved, but dollar volume was surpassed by strong dollar outflows on Tuesday.

Interbank FX turnover among financial institutions and market makers experienced a significant surge, reaching $125.314 million across 106 deals at the official window, 92 per cent higher than the $65.206 million the previous day, highlighting robust market activity and growing investor confidence.

Also, Nigeria’s foreign reserves continue to grow, reaching $51.142 billion, up from $51.060 billion reported the previous day, according to the CBN’s latest update.

In the cryptocurrency market, digital currencies fell amid heavy selling in technology stocks, which kept pressure on risk assets worldwide. Also, the gauge of the Dollar climbed to a seven-month high as investors moved toward safer assets.

Leading the losers was Cardano (ADA), as it slid 2.1 per cent to $0.1511. Dogecoin (DOGE) lost 1.3 per cent to quote at $0.0789, Ethereum (ETH) shrank 0.9 per cent to $1,673.38, Ripple (XRP) declined by 0.7 per cent to $1.10, TRON (TRX) also fell by 0.7 per cent to $0.3285, Solana (SOL) dipped by 0.3 per cent to $69.83, Bitcoin (BTC) went down by 0.2 per cent to $62,756.99, and Binance Coin (BNB) tumbled by 0.01 per cent to $579.20, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) remained unchanged at $1.00 apiece.

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Economy

Claims of PMS Export, Re-importation Not True—Dangote Refinery

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Fifth Crude Cargo Dangote Refinery

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

Dangote Petroleum Refinery and Petrochemicals has refuted allegations that its premium motor spirit (PMS), otherwise known as petrol, exported to other countries, is being re-imported into Nigeria.

It was claimed that the private crude oil refiner sells PMS to other African nations, especially Togo, at a lower price to the extent that when re-imported into the country, it is still cheaper than what Dangote Refinery sells to Nigerian marketers.

Reacting via a statement on Tuesday night, the management described the allegations as “baseless and unsubstantiated” because they are not “supported by verifiable trade data, commercial logic, or the operational realities of Dangote Refinery.”

The company noted that its core mandate is to strengthen domestic supply and remains a leading provider of petroleum products in Nigeria.

“Any practice that enables imports to compete directly with its own production clearly contradicts this objective,” it stated.

Dangote Refinery said “all sales contracts and tender agreements expressly prohibit the resale or re-importation of Dangote Refinery products into Nigeria,” emphasising that “the economics of the purported trade route are fundamentally flawed.”

The organisation stated that estimated logistics costs for transporting products from the refinery to Lomé and back into Nigeria range between $82–90 per metric ton. Such additional costs would significantly erode margins and render the transaction commercially unviable.

“Dangote Refinery does not provide export discounts sufficient to offset these costs or create arbitrage opportunities between export and domestic markets. Simply put, no rational producer would incur additional shipping, storage, financing, and handling costs only for products to re-enter and compete in its primary market,” it pointed out.

The management also highlighted that the refinery maintains stringent product traceability protocols, including detailed records of lifting points, nominated vessels, counterparties, and declared destinations. These measures ensure full visibility and accountability across the supply chain.

The statement insisted that any “claim suggesting that the refinery facilitates or tolerates re-importation is inconsistent with its contractual safeguards and established compliance standards.”

The refinery said it has consistently advocated for reducing Nigeria’s dependence on imported petroleum products, underscoring that encouraging or enabling re-importation would undermine local refining efforts, strain foreign exchange reserves, and weaken national industrial growth, positions that are contrary to its core objectives.

Dangote Refinery reiterated that there is no strategic, economic, or operational basis for the claim that it exports products for re-importation into Nigeria, stressing that the allegation is entirely unfounded and does not withstand scrutiny when measured against market logic, contractual frameworks, and industry practices.

The statement concluded that “Dangote Refinery remains focused on its mission to enhance energy security, support local refining, and contribute meaningfully to Africa’s industrial development.”

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