Technology

Fortifying Digital Frontiers: Lessons and Strategies from the Ronin Network Hack

Published

1 year ago

22/08/2024

By Junaid Ijaya and Femi Babatunde

In the ever-evolving space of digital finance, where the currency of choice fluctuates as swiftly as the internet’s whims, the Ronin Network Hack of 2022 served as a stark reminder of the high stakes involved. Picture this: a playground for the modern gamer and financier, where fortunes in the form of digital tokens swing with every click—a universe where even virtual Axies (charming digital creatures) are worth millions. But amidst this digital gold rush, a nefarious plot unfolded, one that would see over $625 million vanish into the ether.

This was not just any heist. It was a breach that shook the very foundations of the blockchain gaming and decentralized finance (DeFi) sectors, highlighting vulnerabilities that went far beyond a mere loss of assets. The Ronin Network, designed as a fortress guarding the bustling economy of Axie Infinity, fell victim to an assault that was as sophisticated as it was devastating. This case study explores the intricate details of the attack, unravelling the layers of security that were bypassed and the subsequent shockwaves that rippled through the digital domain. Here, we explore why this incident stands out in the crowded field of recent cybersecurity breaches, serving as a critical lesson for stakeholders across the fintech landscape.

2.0 Understanding the Ronin Network

Have you ever been curious about what’s behind the surge of new gaming and financial platforms that are more than just fun but also potentially profitable? Meet blockchain technology, specifically Ethereum and its customized sidechain, Ronin, which have been game changers in this field of financial gamification.

Ethereum expands on the basic concept of blockchain, which traditionally supported transactions like those seen in Bitcoin. It introduces a platform where developers can create decentralized applications (dApps) through smart contracts. These are programs that automate agreements and transactions directly on the blockchain, making operations not only more efficient but also secure and transparent.

One of the most innovative applications of this technology is the Ronin Network, tailored specifically for Axie Infinity—a game that has become a standard-bearer for the “Play-to-Earn” model. In Axie Infinity, players engage in more than just gameplay; they participate in a mini-economy, breeding, raising, and battling creatures called Axies to earn cryptocurrency rewards. This setup was ideal for Ethereum’s capabilities, but it highlighted some limitations in terms of transaction costs and speeds. Ronin was developed to address these issues, providing a sidechain solution that supports quicker and cheaper transactions while maintaining robust security.

What Axie Infinity does is showcase how blockchain can bridge entertainment with real economic incentives, turning gaming into a platform not only for enjoyment but also for financial gains. This paradigm shift not only alters how games are played but also introduces a new way for players to engage in and understand economic systems in a digital era.

3.0 Details of the hack

When $625 million disappears from a network designed to be ultra-secure, it makes you wonder: How could this happen? Let’s peel back the layers of the Ronin Network hack to understand the technical nuances and the security lapses that allowed this dramatic heist to unfold.

The Ronin Network, an Ethereum sidechain developed to support the bustling digital economy of Axie Infinity, was breached on March 23, 2022. The attackers used a method known as “social engineering” to initiate the breach. They targeted the network’s validators, who are responsible for confirming transactions on the blockchain. By exploiting the trust and verification mechanisms between these validators, the hackers managed to execute their plan.

But how exactly did they get in? The breach was primarily facilitated through the compromise of private keys. In blockchain technology, private keys are akin to the most secure passwords. Possessing them essentially grants full control over the associated resources. In the case of Ronin, the attackers obtained access to five out of the nine validator nodes. According to reports, this was enough to form a consensus group, allowing them to authorize fraudulent transactions (Sky Mavis, 2022).

Here’s where it gets interesting: the attackers specifically targeted a backdoor in the gas-free RPC node, which was initially instituted to facilitate free transactions for convenience. Once they accessed the RPC node, they forged fake withdrawals. It’s like finding a spare key under the mat; once inside, they had free reign.

This method of attack raises a critical question: In an age where digital fortresses are supposed to be impregnable, how could such a simple oversight occur? The truth is, even the most secure networks can have vulnerabilities that are overlooked until exploited. The Ronin hack underscores the need for rigorous security protocols at every layer of network operations, especially on decentralized platforms where multiple validators are involved. It also highlights the paradox of blockchain security: the balance between user convenience and stringent security measures is a tightrope walk.

In the aftermath of the Ronin Network heist, the spotlight wasn’t just on the staggering $625 million that evaporated but also on the glaring security vulnerabilities it revealed. So, what were these weak spots, and why were they so critical in the scheme of this digital break-in?

First, let’s talk about the over-reliance on a limited number of validators. Ronin operates on a smaller consensus model with only nine validators—a stark contrast to Ethereum’s thousands. While this structure allows for faster and cheaper transactions, it inherently reduces the network’s resistance to certain types of attacks. Essentially, gaining control over a majority of these validators, as the hackers did, is akin to holding the master key to the network. It’s like if only nine people had the code to the city’s main vault; compromise a few, and you’re in.

Moreover, the use of a “gas-free RPC node” exposed a significant security flaw. Designed to ease transaction processes, this node became the hackers’ golden gate. It was supposed to be a convenient feature, but who thought convenience could cost so much? This feature was exploited to initiate unauthorized transactions without triggering standard security protocols. This kind of vulnerability begs the question: In trying to streamline and simplify, are we inadvertently lowering the drawbridge for attackers?

Another critical point was the insufficient security measures around the authentication processes for these validators. The fact that social engineering could be used so effectively to compromise key components of the network’s security architecture suggests a lapse in both technical safeguards and operational security training. It’s a classic case of underestimating the human element in cybersecurity. Could stronger, multifactor authentication and more rigorous security training for all personnel involved have thwarted the attackers?

Reflecting on these vulnerabilities exposes a broader issue in the blockchain space. As networks like Ronin seek to balance performance with decentralization, how much risk are they willing to accept? And more importantly, how can these networks bolster their defences without compromising the principles of decentralization that make blockchain technology so revolutionary? These are not just rhetorical questions but real challenges that need addressing if blockchain networks are to be trusted as the financial infrastructure of the future. Where do you think—where should the line be drawn between convenience and security in blockchain architectures?

Junaid is a cybersecurity engineer and cloud solutions architect and Femi is a technical product manager and quantitative researcher

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Technology

AI Legal Tech Firm Ivo Gets $55m for Contract Intelligence

Published

1 day ago

22/01/2026

Dipo Olowookere

By Dipo Olowookere

The sum of $55 million has been injected into an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered contract intelligence platform, Ivo, to support product development and scaling as the company deepens its reach across the hundreds of organizations that already rely on its product, including Uber, Shopify, Atlassian, Reddit, and Canva.

The Series B funding round comes after a year of substantial growth in product performance, customer adoption, and market traction to accelerate its mission of making contract intelligence available to every business.

Since its last funding round, Ivo has grown annual recurring revenue by 500 per cent, increased total customers by 134 per cent, and expanded adoption within the Fortune 500 by 250 per cent.

Business Post gathered that the latest funding support came from Blackbird, Costanoa Ventures, Uncork Capital, Fika Ventures, GD1 and Icehouse Ventures.

Ivo is purpose-built for in-house teams that need both reviews with surgical accuracy as well as visibility into their complete contract library.

The company’s AI-powered contract review solution, Ivo Review, allows users to complete reviews in a fraction of the time; customers report saving up to 75 per cent of the time that manual review would demand.

The product standardizes a company’s positions and precedents using playbooks built and implemented by lawyers. This means that every contract is reviewed accurately, consistently, and efficiently, critical for large and globally distributed teams.

“Our goal has always been to make interacting with contracts fast, accurate, and enjoyable. Every key relationship in a business is defined by an agreement, yet most organizations struggle to extract the insights inside them.

“Our focus is to give in-house teams a trustworthy solution that helps them work faster and gives them visibility into their contracts that was previously impossible,” the chief executive and co-founder of Ivo, Min-Kyu Jung, stated.

Also commenting, a Principal at Blackbird, Mr James Palmer, said, “In-house legal teams demand products that are deeply accurate and aligned to how they work. The most sophisticated teams are incredibly selective about the tools they trust.

“Ivo’s traction with some of the world’s best companies shows it consistently exceeds that bar. With exceptional product execution and an uncompromising quality bar, we believe Ivo is defining and leading the category.”

The Senior Manager for Contract Operations at Uber, Ms Kate Gardner, said, “Uber selected Ivo because it was intuitive to use, demonstrated a high level of accuracy, could work in multiple languages, and met its confidentiality requirements. Furthermore, the Ivo team was highly responsive to Uber’s needs.”

Technology

Nigeria Leads in AI for Learning, Entrepreneurship—Google

Published

3 days ago

20/01/2026

Modupe Gbadeyanka

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A new report released by global tech giant, Google, in collaboration with Ipsos, has revealed that Nigeria is writing the playbook on Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it leads in AI for learning and entrepreneurship.

In the study titled Our Life with AI: Helpfulness in the hands of more people, it was shown that Nigerians are using AI tools for everything from education to entrepreneurship at a remarkable rate, showing immense optimism for the technology’s future.

It was disclosed that about 88 per cent of Nigerian adults have used an AI chatbot, a huge 18-point jump from 2024, placing the West African country well ahead of the global average of 62 per cent.

It was also found out that while the top use for AI globally has shifted to learning, Nigerians are taking it a step further, using AI as a powerful tool for personal and professional development.

A staggering 93 per cent of Nigerians use AI to learn or understand complex topics, compared to 74 per cent globally, with 91 per cent using the tool to assist them with their work.

In addition, the research observed that 80 per cent of Nigerians are using AI to explore a new business or career change—nearly double the global average of 42 per cent.

Nigerians have overwhelmingly positive feelings about AI’s role in the classroom and beyond, seeing it as a game-changer for education, with 91 per cent feeling AI is having a positive impact on how we learn and access information versus 65 per cent globally.

The report showed that 95 per cent believe university students and educators are likely to benefit from AI, as 80 per cent of Nigerians are more excited about the possibilities of AI, versus just 20 per cent who are more concerned. Globally, the split is much closer at 53 per cent excited and 46 per cent concerned).

Commenting on the findings, the Communications and Public Affairs Manager for Google in West Africa, Taiwo Kola-Ogunlade, said, “It’s inspiring to see how Nigerians are creatively and purposefully using AI to unlock new opportunities for learning, growth, and economic empowerment.

“This report doesn’t just show high adoption rates; it tells the story of a nation that is actively shaping its future with technology, using AI as a tool to accelerate progress and achieve its ambitions. We’re committed to ensuring that AI remains a helpful and accessible tool for everyone.”

Business Post gathered that the research was conducted by Ipsos between September 22 and October 10, 2025, on behalf of Google.

For this survey, a sample of roughly 1,000 adults aged 18+ who are residents of Nigeria and were interviewed online, representing the country’s online population.

Technology

NCC Grants Three Satellite Licences to Boost Broadband Services

Published

1 week ago

16/01/2026

Adedapo Adesanya

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has licensed three additional global internet service providers, Amazon’s Project Kuiper, BeetleSat-1, and and Germany-based Satelio IoT Services, as part of efforts to strengthen internet connectivity via satellite and to boost competition among existing internet service providers in the country.

Amazon Leo, formerly Project Kuiper, is Amazon’s Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite network, designed to provide fast, reliable internet to customers and communities beyond the reach of existing networks, while BeetleSat (formerly NSLComm) is an international company with strong ties to both Israel and Spain, and its corporate structure involves multiple countries, building a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation of 250 satellites to provide high-throughput, low-latency, satellite internet, cellular backhaul, and mobility services globally, and Satelio IoT was approved for its planned 491-satellite IoT system, though only one satellite is currently in orbit.

NCC granted the global internet operators seven-year licences to each to operate in Nigeria from February 28, 2026, to February 28, 2033.

These operators were granted Ka-Band for their frequency band operations, and the licence is renewable after the seven years expiration, according to the regulator.

The NCC’s landing permit authorises Project Kuiper to operate its space segment in Nigeria as part of a global constellation of up to 3,236 satellites.

According to the NCC, the approval aligns with global best practices and reflects Nigeria’s willingness to open its satellite communications market to next-generation broadband providers.

The permit positions Project Kuiper to provide satellite internet services over Nigerian territory and sets the stage for intensified competition with Starlink, currently the most visible Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite internet provider in the country.

The permit also gives Amazon LEO and BeetleSat-1, the legal certainty to invest in ground infrastructure, local partnerships, and enterprise contracts, while giving Nigeria a wider market opportunity to play in space internet service delivery, where Starlink currently operates.

Amazon’s Kuiper will offer three categories of satellite services in Nigeria: Fixed Satellite Service (FSS), Mobile Satellite Service (MSS), and Earth Stations at Sea (ESAS).

FSS enables broadband connectivity between satellites and fixed ground stations, such as homes, enterprises, telecom base stations, and government facilities. This is the core service behind satellite home internet and enterprise backhaul; MSS, by contrast, is designed for mobility and resilience; and ESIM extends high-speed satellite broadband to moving platforms, including aircraft, ships, trains, and vehicles.

These systems rely on sophisticated antennas that can track satellites in real time while in motion, making them critical for aviation and maritime connectivity as well as logistics and transport sectors.

BeetleSat was founded in Israel, where its groundbreaking antenna technology was developed and supported by the Israel Space Agency.

In 2021, it formed a strategic alliance with the Spanish technology group Arquimea, which is now BeetleSat’s largest shareholder and main industrial partner.