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Economy

Supply Concerns, Fuel Switching Boost Crude Oil Prices

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Crude Oil Prices

By Adedapo Adesanya

Crude oil prices edged up by about one per cent on Wednesday on expectations that the winter season in the Northern hemisphere will see an increase in gas-to-oil switching due to high prices.

Brent crude futures settled higher by 93 cents or 1 per cent at $94.10 a barrel while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude ended $1.17 or 1.3 per cent higher at $88.48 per barrel.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) said it expects widespread switching from gas to oil for heating purposes.

The agency said the deepening economic slowdown and a faltering Chinese economy will cause global oil demand to grind to a halt in the fourth quarter of the year.

Global oil demand is set to grow by 2 million barrels per day this year, the IEA said on Wednesday, revising its growth down by an estimate of 110,000 barrels per day from last month as it expects China’s oil demand to fall for the first time in more than three decades.

The slowdown in China will be partly offset by “large-scale switching from gas to oil,” which is estimated to average 700,000 barrels per day in the fourth quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023, double the level from a year ago, according to the IEA.

Oil demand in China is expected to fall by 2.7 per cent, or by 420,000 barrels per day, this year compared to last year, per IEA estimates. If the estimates are correct, this could be the first yearly decline in Chinese oil demand since 1990 and only the second such drop in IEA records since 1984.

The IEA’s new estimate is now in line with several analyst forecasts that anticipate sudden COVID-19 lockdowns will weigh on China’s oil demand this year as people avoid mass travel around holidays, dragging fuel consumption in the world’s top crude importer down for 2022 for the first time in two decades.

Elsewhere in the IEA report, figures show still very resilient Russian oil exports. Russian total oil exports actually rose by 220,000 barrels per day in August to 7.6 million barrels per day, which is down by just 390,000 barrels per day from pre-war levels. Estimated export revenues for Russia fell by $1.2 billion from July to $17.7 billion in August.

However, the EU embargo on Russian crude oil and product imports that comes into effect in December 2022 and February 2023, respectively, is expected to result in deeper declines as an additional 1 million barrels per day of products and 1.4 million barrels per day of crude will have to find new homes, the IEA said.

In the US, however, crude inventories rose last week for a second week in a row, once again boosted by the ongoing releases from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), the latest government data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) showed.

Crude stockpiles rose by 2.4 million barrels as 8.4 million barrels were released from the SPR, part of a programme scheduled to end next month.

On its part, the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) said global oil demand in 2022 and 2023 will come in stronger than expected, citing signs that major economies are faring better than expected despite challenges such as surging inflation.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

Economy

Airtel Africa Grows Earnings to $4.7bn in Nine Months

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Airtel Africa nine-month results

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

About $4.7 billion was generated by Airtel Africa Plc in nine-month period ended December 31, 2025, details of the company’s financial statements revealed.

The telco disclosed that in the period under review, mobile services revenue grew by 23.3 per cent in constant currency, as data revenues, the largest contributor to group revenues, increased by 36.5 per cent, with voice revenues growing by 13.5 per cent.

In the same vein, EBITDA grew by 35.9 per cent in reported currency to $2.3 billion, with EBITDA margins expanding further to 48.9 per cent from 46.2 per cent in the prior period.

The third quarter of the fiscal year witnessed a further sequential increase in EBITDA margins to 49.6 per cent, driving EBITDA growth of 31.0 per cent in constant currency and 40.8 per cent in reported currency.

The financial results showed that profit after tax of $586 million improved from $248 million in the prior period. Higher profit after tax in the current period was driven by higher operating profit and derivative and foreign exchange gains of $99 million versus the $153 million derivative and foreign exchange losses in the prior period.

Commenting, the chief executive of Airtel Africa, Mr Sunil Taldar, said, “These results highlight the strength of our strategy, with strong operating and financial trends across the business. During the quarter, we accelerated investment to enhance coverage and data capacity while also expanding our fibre network.

“Coupling this investment with innovative partnerships, strengthens our customer proposition and positions us to capture the considerable growth opportunity across our markets.

“Digitisation, technology innovation and embedding AI in our processes will also optimise the customer experience with increased digital offerings and closer integration of GSM and Airtel Money services allowing us to unlock the strong demand across our markets. Smartphone adoption continues to increase with penetration of 48.1 per cent, and we are seeing solid progress in the development of our home broadband business, reflecting the need for reliable, high-speed connectivity across our markets.

“Our push to enhance financial inclusion across the continent continues to gain momentum with our Mobile Money customer base expanding to 52 million, surpassing the 50 million milestone. Annualised total processed value of over $210 billion in Q3’26 underscores the depth of our merchants, agents and partner ecosystem, and remains a key player in driving improved access to financial services across Africa. We remain on track for the listing of Airtel Money in the first half of 2026.

“Disciplined execution on cost efficiency, alongside accelerating revenue growth has enabled another sequential improvement in our quarterly EBITDA margin to 49.6 per cent, – underpinning constant currency EBITDA growth of 31 per cent – and we remain focussed on driving further incremental margin improvements.

“Our strategic priorities remain clear: to keep investing in best in class connectivity, accelerate financial inclusion through our mobile money platform and deliver a great customer experience. These results reinforce our confidence in the long term potential of our markets and our ability to create value for all our stakeholders.”

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Economy

Interest Rates May Remain Elevated Despite Inflation Cooling—PwC

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interest rate hike

By Adedapo Adesanya

According to PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), Nigeria’s benchmark interest rate is likely to remain elevated in 2026 even as inflation shows signs of easing.

Speaking at the PwC–BusinessDay Executive Roundtable on Nigeria’s 2026 budget and economic outlook in Lagos on Thursday, the Chief Economist and Head of Strategy at PwC, Mr Olusegun Zaccheaus, said expectations of aggressive interest rate cuts might be premature even with the core factor – inflation – seen cooling.

“Interest rates may remain elevated despite inflation cooling for most of 2025,” Mr Zaccheaus said. “Perhaps not by the 500 basis points some hope for, due to the need to manage liquidity.”

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) had more than doubled its policy rate from 2022 levels in a bid to rein in inflationary pressures, before implementing a 50 basis-point cut in September that brought the monetary policy rate to 27 per cent.

The move followed a sharp moderation in inflation from its late-2024 peak. Inflation slowed to 15.15 per cent in December 2025, while the economy expanded by 3.98 per cent in the third quarter, its strongest quarterly growth in years.

At the last Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting of the CBN in November 2025 voted to keep the interest steady.

The PwC official warned that warned that underlying risks, including exchange-rate volatility, fiscal pressures and global uncertainty, continue to complicate the outlook.

Mr Zaccheaus said that a major challenge for the apex bank will be to control the volume of money circulating in the economy.

He advised that liquidity management remains critical as excess cash can quickly undermine dis-inflation efforts particularly as the 2027 election cycle is around the corner.

He said that Nigeria typically experiences rapid growth in money supply ahead of election cycles, driven by increased government spending and political activity, adding that without careful coordination, such expansions risk fueling inflation and weakening investor confidence.

“The responsibility of the central bank is to ensure liquidity does not grow in a way that has a negative macroeconomic impact,” Mr Zaccheaus said.

He noted that a stable currency environment would support improved capital allocation and investment planning.

“FX stability is crucial,” Mr Zaccheaus said. “It gives investors confidence and allows businesses to plan. But that stability depends on disciplined policy execution.”

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Economy

Dangote Refinery Assures Steady Daily Supply of 75 million Litres of PMS, Others

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Fifth Crude Cargo Dangote Refinery

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

If the assurance from the Dangote Petroleum Refinery is anything to take to the bank, then consumers of petroleum products in Nigeria have nothing to worry about in terms of availability.

The refinery has assured that it has the capacity to supply to them on a daily basis about 75 million litres of premium motor spirit (PMS), otherwise known as petrol; 25 litres of automated gas oil (AGO), also known as diesel; and 20 litres of jet fuel.

Nigeria is estimated to consume about 50 million litres of petrol per day, 14 million litres of diesel, and four litres of aviation fuel.

Dangote Refinery in a statement said the availability of volumes above prevailing demand provides critical supply buffers, enhances market stability and reduces reliance on imports, particularly during periods of peak demand or logistical disruption.

“The management of Dangote Petroleum Refinery would like to reiterate our capability to supply the underlisted petroleum products of the highest international quality standard to marketers and stakeholders,” it said in a public notice.

Industry analysts noted that supplying above estimated consumption reduces the need for emergency imports, strengthens inventory cover, enhances the resilience of the domestic supply chain, and boosts the foreign exchange ecosystem, thereby fortifying the value of the Naira in the currency market.

Dangote Refinery has also reaffirmed its commitment to full regulatory compliance and continued cooperation with the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA), stating that its supply approach is aligned with ongoing efforts to ensure market stability and orderly downstream operations.

It said it remains fully engaged with regulators and industry stakeholders in support of Nigeria’s national energy security objectives, as the country deepens its transition from fuel import dependence to domestic refining. It added that it continues to work closely with market participants to ensure that the benefits of local refining, including reliable supply, competitive pricing and improved market discipline are delivered consistently to consumers nationwide.

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