Feature/OPED
Nigeria: Powerful CEOs in Uncertain Times
By Timi Olubiyi, PhD
The Board of Directors plays an important role in businesses by being responsible for making strategic decisions essential to the development of companies, and it’s headed by a President or Chairman, while the day-to-day activities of the organization are run by the Managing Director or the Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
Family CEO Duality or CEO duality in the context of business is referred to as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) doubling as Chairman of the Board (COB); simply put, CEO/Chairman designation.
To achieve CEO duality, then the roles of the CEO and the Chair of the Board of Directors have to be combined, and this is typically prevalent in Nigerian businesses. It is a situation where business power is centralized, where the titles of both the Board Chair and CEO go to one individual, that is, one person wearing two hats. It is usually an executive compensation where such governance structure promotes entrenchment, a negative impact on business performance in most cases, and it comes with severe family dominance within the organizations.
The ownership and governing structure is one of the most important factors in shaping the corporate governance system of any business, be it large or a small enterprise. But CEO duality has become one of the most widely discussed corporate governance issues because it is a common practice among structured businesses in the country and this discourages internal checks and balances required of the Board Chair and other Board Members, resulting in a shortage of key oversight functions from them.
Largely, CEO duality in any business, be it large or small business, is a form of governance or leadership that creates a conflict of interest and could hinder the Board’s ability to effectively supervise any CEO’s role within the business entity. Most times, these powerful CEOs are less checked by boards, and such a setup may create more opportunities for the CEO to promote personal interests to the detriment of the company’s shareholders and other stakeholders.
In fact, the functions of the Chairman and CEO by the same person will overlap because the duties of the Chairman should be different, and there should not be any concentration of power to the detriment of proper management supervision.
CEO duality, in most cases, reduces the board’s monitoring capacity on behalf of the shareholders and promotes CEO’s opportunistic behaviour, and interests. CEO duality further promotes the entrenchment of leaders where when leaders or managers gain so much power that they can use the business to further their own interests rather than the interest of shareholders. Encouraging CEO’s duality within a business undermines and can reduce the probability of replacing such CEOs.
Within the small and medium-sized enterprises in the country, from observations, there is a very high concentration of family ownership in the shareholding structure of many of the structured small businesses, including large firms, as such the overlapping of responsibilities of the CEO with that of the company’s Chairman.
In these small businesses, CEO duality is prevalent, yet this form of business tends to have lesser public or regulatory scrutiny than the large or listed firms.
Clearly, it is an infringement on codes of corporate governance regulations and that of professional integrity at the workplace with such acts. This is a trend that has been impacting negatively on small businesses and family enterprises and corporate governance codes by implication.
Though CEO duality has been traced to faster decision-making within an organization, the conflict and conflict of interests that it creates makes it undesirable. Because the CEO essentially monitors themselves, and this will only serve the interest of a few individuals within the business ecosystem.
Likewise, in family businesses, the family CEOs may not be able to strike a balance between the interests of the family and those of other stakeholders, as family-centric, that is family first investment decisions will be frequently made.
The duality of functions of the CEO and Chairman of the company can be a problem because the individuals responsible for the business’s performance would be the same ones that should evaluate its efficiency and control. This can be traced to one of the major reasons business failure is prevalent: the lack of separation between business ownership and management control, yet less attention is paid to this.
The way businesses are managed, as well as the layout of the management structure, is important to business continuity. Therefore business owners need education and awareness to understand the need to do things right to avoid the implication of business failure because such acts have a direct impact on business performance, decision-making, and overall profitability.
In the absence of CEO duality, the board is considered independent, which is the way to go. But in Nigeria, many businesses would not be able to transition to global brands where business activities can be conducted in multiple countries, and one of the reasons would be because of the CEO duality that exists largely within the business space in Nigeria.
It may also impede business growth and long-term business continuity. In many countries with friendly business environments, full disclosures and good corporate governance systems operate where those who manage a company – that is, managers and directors – are effectively held accountable for their decisions and involvement in business activities.
The big question for Nigerian entrepreneurs and business leaders is, can such accountability happen without the transparency of the leadership? Besides CEO duality, demographic characteristics, like gender, age, and CEO education, also affect business performance.
But the separation of the CEO and company Chairman is considered best practice by many regulators. However, the weakness of regulatory frameworks on this all-important matter has been a long-age issue in the country and it needs to be strengthened to protect the entire business stakeholders and the longevity of the small business that is widely known as the lifeblood of any economy.
In conclusion, the Chairman of the board ought to focus on the overall control of the company; while the CEO oversees the management of the day-to-day activities of the business with the aid of other staff. In fact, the board of directors should have the power to hire and fire CEOs and also act in favour of shareholders in various capacities if things are approached normally. Hence, it is never too late for businesses in Nigeria, particularly small businesses, to embrace this separation of roles, to promote business continuity and best standard practices. Good Luck!
Dr Timi Olubiyi is an Entrepreneurship & Business Management expert with a PhD in Business Administration from Babcock University Nigeria. He is A prolific investment coach, columnist, author, adviser, seasoned scholar, Chartered Member of the Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (CISI), Member of the Institute of Directors, and Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) registered capital market operator. He can be reached on the Twitter handle @drtimiolubiyi and via email: dr***********@***il.com for any questions, reactions, and comments. The opinions expressed in this article are that of the author- Dr Timi Olubiyi, and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of others.
Feature/OPED
Stocks vs Forex: Which is Better for Beginners in 2026?
By Onah Ishioma Adaeze
As a beginner, choosing between stocks and forex for your investment goals in 2026 can feel overwhelming. Before investing your hard-earned money, it is important to understand how both markets work.
While both markets present investors with opportunities to grow their wealth, they also differ in terms of volatility, liquidity, market hours, and leverage. Stocks involve owning portions of a company, while forex has to do with trading a base currency against a quote currency.
In this article, we will be going through the basics of stocks and forex, pointing out their differences, and helping you decide which asset better suits your investment journey in 2026.
What is Stock Trading?
When it comes to stock trading, you are buying shares of a company, which makes you a shareholder of that company. As a shareholder, you may be entitled to receive dividends whenever the company decides to pay dividends.
As for those companies that do not pay dividends, there are other benefits a shareholder may enjoy, like being called upon to attend shareholder meetings and having voting rights on certain company matters.
On a global scale, over $100 trillion worth of shares are traded annually. Also, the rising popularity of AI companies and technological innovations continues to drive investor participation and market growth.
If you’re an investor looking to buy and hold capital assets, then stock trading is definitely for you, as it allows for short-term, medium-term and long-term investment goals.
When you buy shares of a company and the company performs well, your shares increase in value. Another benefit of stock trading is access to index funds and ETFs.
These funds consist of companies that are grouped under an index. They are carefully selected and monitored under the fund, sparing the investor the stress of actively tracking the fund.
They can be a way of building a long-term, diversified portfolio, and some of these funds may pay dividends.
What is Forex Trading?
Forex trading has to do with buying one currency and selling another. With a pair like USD/JPY, USD is the base currency being bought against JPY, which is the quote currency.
In order to execute a trade in the forex market, you have to analyse and make predictions based on price movement, as well as pay attention to what’s going on in the global news scene.
The forex market runs twenty-four hours every weekday, with over $9 trillion traded in the market every day. Being the largest financial market in the world, there is very high liquidity.
Forex trading involves buying one currency against another, making predictions based on price movements on the forex charts. Price moves based on the activities of large institutions like hedge funds, big banks, the government, etc.
The forex market runs 24 hours a day, every weekday, with global forex turnover reaching $9 trillion per day in the BIS 2025 survey. Being the largest financial market in the world, there is very high volatility and price fluctuations.
At the same time, there is high liquidity in the market, which means that currency pairs can easily be bought and sold without hassle. Highly liquid instruments that are traded regularly include: EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD, and gold (XAU/USD).
As a retail trader, knowing when to enter and exit the market is important. As easy as it is to make profits from price fluctuations, it is also very easy to lose money if the market moves against you. This is why it is important to set stop losses and take profits. This helps manage your trading capital.
Major Differences Between Stocks and Forex
While investing in stocks and forex can yield great capital gains, there are lots of ways in which they differ.
As a beginner, stock trading provides opportunities for long-term investments, ensuring slow but consistent returns for wealth building. But if you are looking for an active, short-term style of investment, then forex trading is for you, as it allows you to enter and exit the market within a shorter time frame.
Which is Better in 2026?
Choosing an asset to invest in all boils down to personal preference. At the same time, if you are not averse to risk, nor opposed to asset diversification, then it’s okay to invest in both.
For beginner investors in 2026, stock trading is easier to understand and get into, especially because of mutual funds, index funds and ETFs. With those funds, you don’t have to be an expert to start investing. You can just buy a fund that suits your needs and hold it over a long period of time.
If you are an investor who enjoys technical analysis, highly volatile and liquid markets, as well as trading under short time frames, then forex trading is the right pick for you.
Conclusion
You do not need to put all your eggs in one basket. There are investors who invest in both stocks and forex simultaneously. When starting out, you can start investing in stocks while learning forex. Take calculated risks and do not invest above your means. Diversify your investments and remember, when starting out, you should prioritise acquiring knowledge over profits.
Onah Ishioma Adaeze is a finance writer who is passionate about simplifying complex concepts into easily digestible pieces. Her hobbies are reading and watching anime
Feature/OPED
Building 234 Solutions: A Response to Everyday Workforce Challenges
By Owoloye Emmanuel
Every business starts with a problem. For us, that problem was hiding in plain sight.
Across organisations, we kept seeing HR professionals, payroll teams, and business leaders spend significant time navigating processes that should be simpler. Employee records sat across multiple systems, payroll processes required manual intervention, and routine workforce tasks often became more complicated than they needed to be.
As businesses grow, workforce operations naturally become more complex. Yet many organisations still rely on disconnected tools and workflows that create unnecessary friction for both employers and employees.
The consequence is more than operational inefficiency. HR teams spend valuable time managing systems instead of supporting people. Business leaders struggle to access timely workforce insights, while employees experience delays in processes that should be seamless.
These weren’t isolated challenges. They were recurring realities across workplaces, regardless of industry or size.
That observation led us to a simple question: what if workforce management could be easier?
What if HR, payroll, and workforce operations could work together within a single, connected experience?
That question became the foundation for 234 Solutions.
We are building 234 Solutions with a clear belief that workplace technology should reduce complexity, not add to it. Our goal is to help organisations spend less time navigating processes and more time focusing on productivity, growth, and people.
As we prepare for launch, our focus remains simple: building practical solutions for real workplace challenges and helping organisations create better experiences for the people who power them every day.
Owoloye Emmanuel is the founder of 234 Solutions
Feature/OPED
The Role of TV in Preserving African Stories and Identity
Scroll through social media today, and you will notice something interesting: everyone is either reacting to a series, quoting a movie line, or debating a character as though they personally know them. Beneath the memes and binge-watch culture, however, lies something deeper. Television remains one of the most powerful tools shaping how Africans see themselves, remember their history, and tell their own stories. In a continent as diverse and expressive as Africa, that matters more than ever.
TV as a Cultural Archive, Not Just Entertainment
Long before streaming algorithms began shaping our viewing habits, television was already preserving African identity. From Nollywood dramas that capture the rhythm of everyday Lagos life to documentaries exploring Maasai traditions and Ghanaian folklore, TV has served as a living archive of the continent’s stories.
It preserves more than entertainment; it preserves language, culture, humour, values, and shared experiences. Unlike fleeting social media content, television allows stories to unfold with depth, exploring the realities of family, tradition, ambition, and modern African life without reducing them to stereotypes. That is the power of TV: preserving not just stories, but perspective.
Why Representation on TV Still Matters
There is a subtle but important truth: if people do not see themselves on screen, they may begin to believe their stories are not worth telling. This is why African TV content is more than entertainment; it is affirmation.
Seeing a character who speaks like you, struggles like you, or celebrates like your community does something powerful. It validates identity and challenges outdated narratives that have historically defined Africa through external lenses.
This is where MultiChoice Group, through platforms such as DStv and GOtv, plays an important role. They do not simply broadcast content; they help distribute cultural memory at scale.
GOtv, DStv, and the Everyday African Viewer
Think about a typical evening in many African homes: the TV is on in the background, someone is laughing at a comedy show, another person is watching a local series, and someone else is catching up on the news. That shared viewing experience remains very real.
Through platforms such as DStv and GOtv, African households are exposed to a blend of local storytelling and global content. More importantly, they have helped amplify African-produced content by bringing Nollywood films, African reality shows, talk shows, and documentaries into mainstream rotation.
It is not just about access. It is about visibility.
A young filmmaker in Lagos today is more likely to believe their story matters because they have seen similar stories broadcast widely. A child in Accra grows up hearing familiar accents and seeing environments that look like their own on screen, not as exceptions, but as the norm.
TV Is Also Shaping Modern African Identity
African identity is not static; it is evolving. Television reflects that evolution in real time.
Today, audiences see:
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Young Africans balancing tradition and modern dating culture
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Stories tackling mental health in African households
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Fashion and music influences spreading through TV series
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Political satire shaping public conversation
Conversations that were once confined to homes are now being explored on screen, giving audiences the language to discuss issues that were previously unspoken.
In many ways, television is doing what oral tradition has always done: passing stories, values, humour, warnings, and history from one generation to the next. The difference is that today’s griots are writers, directors, and broadcasters.
The Future: From Watching to Owning Our Narratives
The next stage of African storytelling is not just about being seen; it is about ownership.
As more African creators produce content and platforms continue to invest in regional storytelling, television becomes more than a mirror. It becomes a tool for shaping how Africa is represented to itself and to the world.
While streaming continues to grow, television, particularly accessible platforms such as GOtv, remains one of the most effective ways to reach everyday audiences across different income levels and regions. After all, storytelling only matters if people can access it.
African stories are not new. They have always existed in families, on streets, in markets, in history books, and through oral traditions. What television has done, and continues to do, is give those stories a stage wide enough for millions to experience them at once.
The next time you watch a local series or documentary on DStv or GOtv, remember that you are not just being entertained. You are participating in the preservation of African identity itself.
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