Economy
Nigeria’s Revenue-to-GDP Ratio Too Low for Economic Growth—IMF
By Dipo Olowookere
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has said Nigeria’s revenue–to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio of about 9 per cent was too low to trigger the economic growth projected by President Bola Tinubu in his Renewed Hope Agenda.
Addressing journalists at its last press briefing for 2023 on Thursday, the global lender said the administration of Mr Tinubu must boost the government’s revenue to have funds to achieve his goals.
On May 29, 2023, Mr Tinubu took over from Mr Muhammadu Buhari, promising to jump-start the economy and work tirelessly to address food security, end hunger, eradicate poverty, create jobs, and help the most vulnerable members of society
To kick start, he removed the payment of subsidies for petrol and adopted a foreign exchange liberalisation policy, though the exchange rate between the official and the black markets remains wide (N843.07/$1 at NAFEM and N1,180/$1 at the black market.)
At the briefing yesterday, the IMF Director for Communications Department, Ms Julie Kozak, praised Mr Tinubu for the “two bold and important reforms shortly.”
However, she stressed that the revenue-to-GDP ratio must be improved to “create fiscal space for social and development spending.”
“Raising revenue from the very current low revenue to GDP ratio of 9 per cent is essential to create fiscal space for social and development spending.
“Nine per cent of GDP is a very low revenue-to-GDP ratio, and it is not high enough to be able to support strong social safety nets and development spending, to help protect vulnerable households and also to meet Nigeria’s development needs.
“The 2024 budget aims to reduce the fiscal deficit while also creating space for these priority spendings, both on the social side and also on the development side,” she said.
While commenting on the rising inflation in the country, Ms Kozak said the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) may have to raise the monetary policy rate (MPC) at its next Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting.
Recall that last month, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said inflation in October 2023 increased by 27.33 per cent, while the MPC at its last meeting in July pegged the benchmark interest rate at 18.75 per cent.
Economy
Senate Passes 2026 Budget of N68.32trn
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Senate has authorised the executive arm of government to spend about N68.323 trillion for the 2026 fiscal year.
President Bola Tinubu had earlier presented an appropriation bill of N58.47 trillion to a joint session of the National Assembly.
On Tuesday, March 31, 2026, he asked the red chamber of the parliament to increase the budget by N9.09 trillion to accommodate legacy commitments, particularly in the transportation and health sectors, as well as additional provisions, including funding for the judiciary.
This request was granted, and the budget proposal was raised and passed at the plenary session presided over by the Senate President, Mr Godswill Akpabio.
The approval came after the Senate adopted the National Assembly’s joint report on the 2026 Appropriation Bill.
A breakdown of the revised budget showed that N4.799 trillion is allocated for statutory transfers, N15.809 trillion for debt servicing, N15.427 trillion for recurrent (non-debt) expenditure, and N32.287 trillion for capital projects.
Further details indicated that N5.71 trillion from the additional provisions is earmarked for the regularisation of outstanding capital obligations carried over from the 2025 budget, alongside ₦2 trillion for previously omitted projects nationwide.
Sectoral allocations include N482.758 billion for the health sector, N478.600 billion for the Ministry of Finance Incorporated (MoFI), and N268 billion for the judiciary, with N36 billion specifically for the Supreme Court and N98.513 million for the Court of Appeal.
Additionally, N8.960 billion was approved for feasibility studies on key road projects, including the Calabar–Maiduguri and Maiduguri–Sokoto corridors.
Meanwhile, the Senate also approved an extension of the capital component of the 2025 budget, shifting its implementation deadline from March 31 to June 30, 2026, to allow for the completion of ongoing projects.
The House of Representatives also approved N68.30 trillion for the 2026 appropriation bill.
The budget is anchored on conservative assumptions, including a crude oil benchmark of US$64.85 per barrel, daily oil production of 1.84 million barrels, and an exchange rate of N1,400 to the US dollar for the 2026 fiscal year.
President Tinubu said the assumptions reflect the administration’s commitment to realism, prudence, and fiscal sustainability.
The National Assembly also approved President Tinubu’s request for a $6.9 billion foreign loan facility, with a key provision mandating that 40 per cent of the funds be channelled towards capital projects in the 2025/2026 budgets.
The approval followed the consideration of a report by the Senate Committee on Local and Foreign Debt, which recommended the allocation to ensure the loan directly supports infrastructure and development projects.
The Senate moved swiftly to review and pass the request during plenary.
Economy
Dangote Refinery Gets Fresh $2.5bn Five-Year Loan from Afreximbank
By Adedapo Adesanya
The African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) has underwritten $2.5 billion out of a $4 billion senior syndicated term loan for Dangote Petroleum Refinery and Petrochemicals.
In a statement issued on Tuesday, the African lender said the move was aimed at strengthening the refinery’s financial position and long-term growth.
“Afreximbank is pleased to announce that it has underwritten $2.5 billion in the $4-billion senior syndicated term loan in favour of Dangote Petroleum Refinery and Petrochemicals FZE (DPRP),” the statement said.
Afreximbank and Access Bank served as co-Mandated Lead Arrangers for the five-year facility, which is designed to consolidate existing debt, optimise the refinery’s capital structure, and align financing with its operational phase.
The transaction marks a significant milestone for the Dangote Refinery, Africa’s largest refinery and petrochemical complex, with a capacity of 650,000 barrels per day.
The facility is expected to improve balance sheet flexibility and reinforce the refinery’s role as a key supplier of refined petroleum products across Africa and global markets.
Afreximbank’s $2.5 billion contribution represents the largest share of the syndicate, the statement noted, underscoring its role in mobilising capital for Africa’s industrialisation, promoting intra-African trade, and supporting energy security.
Since the refinery began operations in February 2024, the bank said it has provided additional support, including a $1 billion working capital facility and advisory services on the Naira-for-Crude initiative, which enables crude purchases and product sales in local currency.
Speaking during a strategy session in Cairo, Egypt, Afreximbank President, Mr George Elombi, reaffirmed the bank’s commitment to African enterprises.
He said the bank takes immense pride in being the single largest provider of financing to the Dangote Group and that it does so primarily because Dangote is African.
“When we invest in ourselves, we do more than create jobs and wealth or expand government revenues; we build a secure and resilient future for our continent. This is why we are pleased to have invested about $15 billion in the Dangote Group since 2015,” he said.
He explained that “Afreximbank and its Board of Directors stand ready to support the realisation of Dangote Group’s aspirations because when we build our institutions and provide the requisite support to grow, we will no longer have to look elsewhere for benevolence or salvation in difficult times.”
In his remarks, the chief executive of Dangote Industries Limited, Mr Aliko Dangote, said the deal strengthens the refinery’s financial base.
“This financing marks an important step in strengthening the financial foundation of Dangote Petroleum Refinery & Petrochemicals and positions the business for the next phase of its growth,” Mr Dangote was quoted as saying.
He appreciated Afreximbank’s continued support and confidence in his vision to build world-class industrial capacity that serves Nigeria, Africa and global markets.
Economy
Multiverse, MTN Nigeria, Others Lift Domestic Stock Market by 0.40%
By Dipo Olowookere
The domestic stock market rebounded by 0.40 per cent on Tuesday following renewed bargain-hunting by investors.
The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited returned to winning ways after three of the five key sectors of the bourse pointed north.
The consumer goods index appreciated by 0.24 per cent, the industrial goods counter advanced by 0.20 per cent, and the energy sector grew by 0.08 per cent, overpowering the 3.64 per cent loss posted by the insurance segment, and the 1.76 per cent decline suffered by the banking space.
One of the major drivers of the growth achieved by Customs Street yesterday was MTN Nigeria.
The All-Share Index (ASI) went up by 803.35 points to 201,287.78 points from 200,484.43 points, and the market capitalisation increased by N516 billion to N129.210 trillion from N128.694 trillion.
Multiverse topped the gainers’ chart after it chalked up 9.88 per cent to close at N18.35, International Energy Insurance improved by 9.49 per cent to N3.23, Chams surged by 8.40 per cent to N4.39, MTN Nigeria appreciated by 5.85 per cent to N760.00, and PZ Cussons soared by 4.59 per cent to N82.00.
On the flip side, NPF Microfinance Bank led the losers’ group after it gave up 10.00 per cent to sell for N6.30, SAHCO tumbled by 9.97 per cent to N143.10, Zichis lost 9.96 per cent to quote at N13.65, Mutual Benefits declined by 9.91 per cent to N4.09, and RT Briscoe slipped by 9.90 per cent to N9.65.
Business Post reports that the market breadth index remained negative after Customs Street ended with 22 price gainers and 47 price losers, indicating weak investor sentiment.
The busiest stock for the day was Wema Bank with a turnover of 184.1 million units valued at N4.8 billion, VFD Group sold 103.6 million units for N1.2 billion, Secure Electronic Technology traded 59.3 million units worth N63.8 million, Chams exchanged 38.6 million units for N152.0 million, and Access Holdings transacted 27.8 million units worth N720.1 million.
At the close of trades, market participants bought and sold 887.7 million equities valued at N35.6 billion in 53,436 deals versus the 593.3 million equities worth N25.7 billion traded in 60,311 deals on Monday.
This implied that the number of deals receded by 11.40 per cent, and a rise in the trading volume and value by 49.62 per cent and 38.52 per cent, respectively.
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