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Why Cars Catch Fire, How To Prevent Such

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By Igono Joseph Okeme

INTRODUCTION

It is almost common to see vehicles going up in flames in Nigeria. It is really a helpless sight to behold. The occupants, if lucky, escape the raging infernos and some, who are not too really lucky, get killed as a result of various degrees of burns sustained in such incidents.

On one instance, when I was returning from one of the holy ghost services at the Redemption Camp early in the morning some months ago (I’m not by all means trying to be a religious PR here), I suddenly saw a Corolla ’08 in flames on the road. The owner of the car was nowhere to be found. Maybe he had gone to look for ‘water’ to fight the fire. Note of caution please; don’t use ordinary water to fight an inferno. That accelerates the fire because fuel is denser than water.

That day, before 8:00am, the car was totally burnt to ashes.

You could imagine environmental, economic, and psychological impacts that incident must have caused the owner, and the environment.

What would have happened, if other adjacent cars caught fire? Imagine the ripple effect of that for a minute.

Incidences like these occur in Lagos, especially areas where vehicles are at close proximity with each other.

WHAT CAUSES SUCH CASES?

For a fire to start, there must be the presence of AIR, FUEL, and a HEAT SOURCE.

There are lots of causes of car fire incidents.

The most common ones are:

  1. Fuel (petrol). Leaks along fuel lines pose a dangerous threat to safety here.

Cars with a leaky injector nozzle system seals can allow tiny droplets of fuel drop on hot spots on an engine, or exhaust system, thereby leading to a fire. These seals are usually weak, when they are exposed to tremendous heat from the engine, and the atmospheric temperature of the environment. Normally at 60,000miles, such seals lose their sealing properties, and create fire risks.

  1. Electrical issues. When you open up the hood of your car, you see bunch of wire harnesses, connectors, etc, acting as a conduit for the flow of current to various components of the car.

If any of these wiring harnesses has a SHORT CIRCUITS problem, the flow of current would be limited, at the load, leading to the current traveling to an undesignated route. This route could be the body of the car, which acts as a ground. This undesired current flow that has found a new path, could trigger a fire. If for instance there’s already a source of fuel provided it by a leaky fuel system component. Bu!!! you hear. Suddenly there’s a fire raging.

  1. Exhaust system. All internal combustion engine applications work through lots of friction and stress in order to produce the motion for the movement you and I enjoy when we drive our SUVs, or in a “danfo bus”. But have you ever thought that those applications could go through temperatures of up to 2000C? With this kind of extreme temperature, coupled with outside temperature, that might be in the range of 30-40C, what do you expect your engine to do? A clogged catalytic converter would generate even more extreme temperatures that could instantly lead to a fire. Even car owners look for an escape route when faced with the heat from traffic logjam on the road and work stress. You escape that by putting on your car’s AC system to take away that heat in exchange for a clean cool air. Isn’t it? OK. Same thing happens to your engine. This extreme temperature is exited through the exhaust system of the car, and straight to the environment.

Now, how does that exhaust system looks like?

Fuel system routed close to exhaust systems are at risks of causing car fires.

Manufacturers, over the years, have routed fuel lines away from exhaust systems, and even shielded the exhaust systems with shield materials to protect excess heat from setting off fires. Some fuel system lines also use heat shields, to help reduce the risks of fires.

  1. Oil spills. Engine oils and automatic transmission fluids spill on engine components like the transmission system, cylinder heads, exhaust system manifold, rotating driven solid shafts, and on engine chassis, etc can cause car fires.

The reason being as these spills gradually builds up into a sludge on those components, they trap dirt made of combustibles, making them susceptible to generating heat and smoke, and then results into a fire while driving.

HOW TO PREVENT CAR FIRES

The most effective way to prevent car fires are:

  1. Carry out preventive maintenance checks on all fuel, exhaust, and electrical systems at every oil change. These checks would help you determine their integrity, and eventually point out potential problem areas before they occur.
  2. Ensure all maintenance/repairs carried out on the car’s fire prone systems, such as the fuel, exhaust, and electrical systems are properly done.

Proper laid down procedures regarding repairs and safety must be strictly adhered to. Do not allow your mechanics to tell you, “Oga. It doesn’t matter to put on an exhaust heat shield, or let’s manage the fuel line clips. It won’t do anything”. If you currently have a mechanic like that as your mechanic, you have to run brother!

  1. Carry out steam washing of the engine bay monthly, or so. That would reduce the accumulation of oil spill build up on the engine area.

If you’re scared of allowing your engine to be steam washed, you could hand wash it.

***use solvents such as petrol, or diesel fuel, to help remove oil spills, and apply a soapy  solution to wash the affected parts mildly.

NB: Ensure the cars ECU (commonly called brainbox), and ignition control modules are protected from water sprays because they could foul the system and cause you tremendous money fixing them.

WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOUR CAR CATCHES FIRE

Well, I know some of us are so religious when it comes to predictive maintenance and stuffs like that. But I think it is cool for you to have some tips on your hand just in case, perhaps, your neighbour’s car catches fire, this is what you should do.

  1. If you notice smoke billowing out of the car while driving, pull over off the road to a safe place and park.

Don’t open the hood because there’s the risk the fire could spread further because opening up the hood creates more oxygen intake for the car and that accelerates the fire.

  1. Get out of the car as soon as possible If you can.

Do not attempt to return back to the car to rescue your laptop, galaxy note 7, and even your jewellery. I think it is better you’re alive than die in that fire; doesn’t make sense to me though. But maybe that’s not my business.

  1. Disconnect the power source if you can. Some cars like Benz, BMW, Renaults don’t have their batteries located at the front. They’re at the rear or at the front passenger seat. Be bold enough to disconnect the positive terminal in order to cut the current supply to the electrical systems.
  2. If you’re courageous enough, fight the fight with a recommended fire extinguisher class type recommended by your safety agency (FRSC); it could be a class B, or C, depending on the specifications recommended.
  3. Call the fire service immediately if you’ve got no guts to stand against a fire.

CONCLUSION

Car inferno don’t just start like that.

And even if they do, take preventive maintenance checks very seriously. Try monitoring the kinds of jobs and the safety/repair procedures your car mechanic employ fixing your precious car. If you don’t, someday, you might just laugh-cry.

Hope this piece has enlightened someone on this platform.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Court Restrains Police, FRSC from Imposing Car Insurance Fines Without Court Order

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The Federal High Court in Abuja has restrained the Nigeria Police Force and the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) from imposing fines on motorists for third-party motor vehicle insurance violations without a court order.

The ruling followed a suit marked FHC/ABJ/CS/291/2025 filed by activist-lawyer, Mr Deji Adeyanju, against the Inspector-General of Police, the Attorney-General of the Federation and the FRSC.

Delivering judgment on Friday, Justice Hauwa Yilwa held that while both the police and the FRSC have the power to enforce compliance with third-party motor insurance, they lack the legal authority to impose fines on alleged offenders.

The suit was initiated through an originating summons, brought pursuant to Section 17 of the Motor Vehicles (Third Party Insurance) Act, 1950, Sections 68(3) and (4) of the Insurance Act, 2003, as well as provisions of the Federal Road Safety Commission (Establishment) Act, 2007.

Mr Adeyanju had asked the court to determine whether the police could enforce third-party insurance, impose fines without judicial backing, and whether such enforcement during routine stop-and-search operations violated constitutional rights.

He also sought a declaration on whether the power to enforce third-party motor insurance lies exclusively with the FRSC.

In addition to the declaratory relief, the applicant requested orders of perpetual injunction restraining the police from enforcing third-party insurance and from imposing fines without judicial backing.

He further urged the court to hold the Attorney-General of the Federation accountable for providing legal guidance on the scope of police powers under the relevant statutes.

However, in its judgment, the court drew a distinction between enforcement and sanctioning powers.

Counsel to the applicant, Mr Marvin Omorogbe, said the court upheld the authority of both the police and the FRSC to ensure compliance with motor vehicle insurance laws, but firmly ruled against the imposition of fines by either agency.

According to him, the court held that “the police and the road safety may enforce” compliance but “outrightly lack the powers to impose fines on third parties or vehicle owners” in the course of such enforcement.

“The court went further to restrain the IGP, the Police Force and all their officers, including the FRSC, from imposing fines on motor vehicle users or Nigerian citizens,” Mr Omorogbe said.

Reacting to the judgment, Mr Adeyanju expressed satisfaction, noting that the central objective of the suit had been achieved.

“The sole reason why we came to court is that we wanted the court to make a positive declaration that the police and the road safety do not have the right to impose fines on any Nigerian over motor vehicle insurance. And we have succeeded,” he said.

He argued that the ruling would curb what he described as a pattern of extortion by enforcement agencies and restore confidence among motorists.

Mr Adeyanju added that although the court declined to grant all the reliefs sought—particularly the request to strip the police entirely of enforcement powers—it nonetheless made a significant pronouncement on the limits of those powers.

He also urged Nigerians to take advantage of the judgment to assert their rights and seek legal remedies where necessary.

On the other hand, counsel to the defendants, Mr Victor Okoye, said the judgment was only partly favourable to the police and signalled plans to challenge it at the Court of Appeal.

Mr Okoye disclosed that the defence had raised a preliminary objection questioning the jurisdiction of the court to entertain the suit, arguing that the originating summons was incompetent and unsuitable for resolving contentious issues.

He relied on appellate authorities to stress that jurisdiction is fundamental to adjudication and must be determined before any substantive issues.

Despite this, he noted, the court proceeded to deliver judgment.

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Pamtech Issues Public Disclaimer on Popular Auto Influencer Juliet Ibekwe

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A public disclaimer has been issued on two former representatives of Pamtech Group, Mr Somiari Lucky and Ms Juliet Ibekwe, who is a popular auto influencer.

In the notice signed by the chief executive of Pamtech, Mr Chidomere Ndubuisi, on Tuesday, members of the public were informed that the duo no longer work with the organisation.

Mr Ndubuisi, who did not disclose why he disengaged the duo, however, emphasised that Mr Lucky and Ms Ibekwe are “not authorised to act on behalf of, represent, negotiate, or enter into any business dealings in the name of Pamtech Media Ltd or Pamtech Group.”

Ms Ibekwe rose to fame by creating content on how to make vehicles work efficiently. She became a notable auto content creator in Nigeria and garnered more fans for her car care tips.

In the disclaimer today, Pamtech warned “the general public, our valued clients, partners, and stakeholders” that doing business with Ms Ibekwe and Mr Lucky is “at their own discretion and risk, and such engagements do not involve Pamtech Group in any capacity.”

“Any business transactions, agreements, or engagements entered into with the above-mentioned individuals are strictly personal to them; Pamtech Group shall not be held liable or responsible for any commitments, representations, or obligations made by them after their exit from the company,” another part of the notice stressed.

The Owerri, Imo State-based firm further noted that, “Any use of the Pamtech name, brand, platform, or reputation by them without written authorisation is unauthorised and not recognised by the company.”

The company urged its clients, partners, and members of the public to verify all engagements directly with Pamtech Group official channels, and also ensure that all payments and communications are made only through verified company accounts and representatives.”

Pamtech expressed its commitment to delivering excellence, integrity, and professionalism across all its services in media, automobile, and business solutions.

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Mixed Reactions Over Nigeria’s Ban on Importation of Accidented Vehicles

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Reactions have continued to trail the decision of the federal government to stop the importation of accidented vehicles into Nigeria by car dealers and others.

On Tuesday, the government declared that it would no longer accept the importation of vehicles without prior certification, noting that it was worried at the influx of substandard automobiles into the country.

The Minister of State for Industry, Trade, and Investment, Mr John Enoh, said the no certification, no entry policy tagged the Standard Organisation of Nigeria–National Automotive Design and Development Council Vehicle Conformity Assessment Programme was now fully implemented with immediate effect, noting that any vehicle that fails to meet the requirements would be denied entry into the country.

“I want to clarify again that this is not a proposal or a pilot. This has become government policy and takes immediate effect upon commencement,” he declared at a meeting in Abuja, stressing that vehicles coming into the nation must obtain pre-shipment certification.

“So, the endorsement integrates vehicle safety into Nigeria’s economic policy framework. It aligns fiscal instruments, foreign exchange import financing, and revenue systems with safety and standards objectives.

“It also strengthens the long-standing work of the Standard Organisation of Nigeria and NADDC within a coordinated whole-of-government approach.

“I think that with effect from the commencement of this SON-NADDC VehCAP, all new and used vehicles and automotive products entering Nigeria must obtain pre-shipment certification on that VehCAP before form M approval, before customs valuation, before power processing, before import clearance, and before market entry,” he stated.

“No vehicle or automotive product shall be imported, cleared, registered or licensed without valid certification. Any non-compliant import shall be subject to refusal of clearance, seizure, or sanctions under applicable laws,” he added.

Mr Enoh disclosed that, “We did not arrive here by accident. Too many Nigerians have died from accidents caused by vehicles that fell short of required standards. Nigeria deserves better, and this government is determined to deliver better.”

While he admitted that some Nigerians may not be able to afford new vehicles, the government cannot fold its arms and allow its citizens to die because of substandard cars.

“I think that without taking an extreme position, we must find a middle ground. There are economic challenges, there is purchasing power, and there is also the capacity of local assemblers to meet demand.

“But at the very minimum, if we adhere strictly to existing regulations, such as limits on the age of imported vehicles, our problem will not be nearly as bad as it is,” he said.

“A vehicle that is non-compliant at the federal level must not be registered at the state level. For the FCCPC, you are expected to treat VehCAP certification as a baseline for consumer protection enforcement for vehicles. State governments, because we run a federation with federal units, state governments are expected to align vehicle registration systems with VehCAP requirements. Most importantly, let me acknowledge the very profound role that was played by the Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Wale Edun, for approving the VehCAP initiative,” he warned.

While some Nigerians applaud this initiative, others believe citizens would be exploited by government officials and make the price of fairly used cars more expensive. Some dealers have been accused of bringing in accidented cars, refurbishing them and selling to unsuspecting customers at exorbitant prices.

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