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Crypto Ban: CBN Fines FCMB N400m Over Failure to Close Customers’ Accounts

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By Dipo Olowookere

Mid-level lender, First City Monument Bank (FCMB), got a knock from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) over its failure to close accounts of customers suspected to have been involved in cryptocurrency.

After the October 2020 #EndSARS protests across the country, the banking sector watchdog directed financial institutions to stop their involvement in digital currency transactions.

The Nigerian government believed that the demonstrations, which shook the nation, were funded through cryptocurrencies from across the globe.

In an apparent move to thwart the popularity of cryptos in the country, the apex bank banned the business, threatening to sanction banks involved in it and close bank accounts of individuals and corporate organisations trading digital coins in Nigeria.

Business Post gathered that FCMB got into the trap of the central bank and was sanctioned for failing to close bank accounts of its customers identified to be trading cryptocurrency despite the ban.

Analysis of the financial statements of the lender for the year ended December 31, 2021, showed that a fine of N400 million was placed on the financial institution for violating the crypto ban.

It was stated that the reason was specifically that the bank did not close the accounts of “Thanas Fasio Experts, Quadrant Emergencia Golden Global, Cryset Limited, Royal Jingling Enterprise identified to be involved in cryptocurrency.”

This fine was among the others FCMB received in the reporting year.

It was observed that the lender was also sanctioned N26.5 million over its non-compliance with the CBN Post-No Debit (PND) directives on 38 customers.

Furthermore, it was slammed with a fine of N270 million over a “contravention of Extant FX Examination from January 1, 2013, to July 2020 GVD/EIU/SEC/GOV/01/095 DD090321.”

Recall that last year, after Justice Taiwo O. Taiwo of the Federal High Court sitting in Abuja ruled that a mere circular can’t be relied on by the CBN to block accounts of crypto traders, as it wasn’t law, FCMB warned its staff to “identify persons or organisations transacting in or operating cryptocurrency exchanges within their systems and ensure that such accounts are closed immediately.”

“Any staff member who wilfully does not disclose an account used for cryptocurrency transactions, in order to enable such account to be closed will be sanctioned in line with the provisions of the bank’s sanctions grid,” it declared.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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CBN Delists Non-Compliant Bureaux De Change Operators

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The operating licences of all legacy Bureau De Change (BDC) operators who failed to meet the new licensing requirements have been revoked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

This happened after the central bank streamlined the BDCs to 82 in order to sanitise the foreign exchange (FX) market in the country.

The latest development was revealed by the apex bank in its Frequently Asked Questions document on the current reform of the bureau de change, published on its website on Tuesday.

According to the document, the CBN has now enforced the final cutoff, declaring that any BDC that did not meet the requirements by the end of November is no longer recognised.

“The guidelines provided a transition timeline of six months from the effective date, 3 June 2024, with a deadline of 3 December 2024, for all existing BDCs to meet the requirement of the new Guidelines or lose their licence(s). However, the management of the CBN graciously extended this deadline by another six months, which ended 3 June 2025, to give ample time for as many legacy BDCs desirous of meeting the new requirements to do so.

“Consequently, any legacy BDC that failed to meet the requirements of the new Guidelines as of 30 November 2025 has ceased to be a BDC, as its licence no longer exists. Please visit the CBN website for the updated list of existing BDCs in Nigeria,” the apex bank said.

According to the CBN, before its latest decision, an extended compliance window was granted under the revised BDC Guidelines. Existing operators were initially given six months, June 3 to December 3, 2024, to satisfy the new regulatory conditions.

The CBN later granted an additional six-month extension, which elapsed on June 3, 2025, to allow more operators to align with the updated standards.

The new measures form part of broader efforts by the CBN to strengthen transparency, compliance, and stability within Nigeria’s foreign exchange market.

The new CBN regulatory framework for BDCs, introduced in February 2024, mandated BDC operators to meet higher capital requirements. Tier-1 operators are required to meet a minimum capital requirement of N2bn, while Tier-2 operators must meet N500m as MCR.

The bank added that it would continue to receive applications on its Licensing, Approval and Requests Portal from prospective promoters, and those that meet the criteria will be considered for a license.

However, the CBN said it reserves the right to discontinue the licensing of BDCs at any time.

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O3 Capital to Unlock N95bn Festive Spending Boom With Blink Card

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A non-bank credit card issuer, 03 Capital, has introduced a travel card designed to unlock the N95 billion festive spending boom in Nigeria.

The new initiative, known as the 03 Capital Blink Travel Card, promotes economic participation among returning Nigerians, expatriates, and tourists.

A statement from the financial technology (fintech) firm is available instantly to use at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide.

The Blink Card, to be issued in both digital and physical form, is loaded with currency from any foreign bank card, converted to Naira, enabling transactions to be completed in the local currency.

The card offers tap-to-pay and cash withdrawals at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide, making it the ideal solution for visitors to Nigeria.

It also avails Nigerians in the Diaspora to spend like locals when they return to their country of origin.

Payments for goods and services can be completed via the virtual Blink Card, linked to the O3Cards app. Funds can also be transferred instantly to all local banks and other financial institutions.

According to the World Bank, remittance inflows account for approximately 5.6 per cent of Nigeria’s gross domestic product (GDP), and the resultant spending power is unlocked when the Diaspora returns home for the festive period.

In December 2024, about N95 billion was injected into the Nigerian economy by inbound passengers – 90 per cent being diasporic Nigerians – spending on short-let accommodation and hotels, events and hospitality, nightlife and dining, and vehicle rentals.  The launch of the Blink Card promises to spur this spending further, providing a significant boost to local businesses.

Blink Cards are available for collection at all Nigerian international airports, offering an immediate and hassle-free route to financial empowerment for people arriving in the country.

Blink Card carriers benefit from increased convenience, flexibility, and safety by not needing to carry large amounts of physical cash, while the ability to pre-load cards promotes smarter budgeting practices.

“We are excited to launch the Blink Card to promote greater economic participation among visitors to Nigeria.

“The card removes the needless friction and costs involved in legacy foreign exchange and cash payment processes, offering a quicker and more transparent option for spending in the country.

“As Nigerians begin travelling home for Christmas – combined with the regular traffic of arriving tourists, expatriates, and businesspeople – this is the perfect time to launch a solution catering to the financial needs of visitors, tapping into the seasonal spending boom which provides an annual lifeline for local economies and SMEs,” the chief executive of 03 Capital, Abimbola Pinheiro, stated.

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Interswitch Champions Dialogue on Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Technology leaders from across Nigeria’s digital finance ecosystem recently converged on Eko Convention Centre in Lagos to explore pathways for expanding credit access to underserved communities.

It platform for this was the 2025 Committee of e-Business Industry Heads (CeBIH) Annual Conference themed Reimagining Financial Inclusion through Cultural Shifts in Consumer Credit. Interswitch was a returning gold sponsor.

At a high-impact panel session titled Alternative Credit Scoring for the Underserved, moderated by Wunmi Ogunbiyi of the CeBIH Advisory Council, the Divisional Head of Product Management and Solution Delivery at Verve International, a subsidiary of Interswitch Group, Mr Ademola Adeniran, examined how alternative data and digital intelligence can unlock credit for millions excluded by conventional financial models.

“For us, this conversation goes beyond technology. It is about designing credit systems that truly reflect African realities.

“Millions transact daily outside traditional banking frameworks, and alternative credit scoring enables us to recognise that economic activity and responsibly convert it into access to finance.

“At Verve and Interswitch, we are committed to building the digital infrastructure that makes this inclusion scalable and sustainable,” Mr Adeniran stated.

Also, the Vice President for Sales and Account Management, Digital Infrastructure and Managed Services at Interswitch Systegra, Ms Robinta Aluyi, stressed the importance of African-led solutions in addressing the continent’s financial challenges, noting that sustainable progress must be rooted in local realities.

Interswitch’s strength, she said, lies in the fact that it was built on the continent, for the continent, with solutions designed to serve individuals, small businesses, enterprises, and government institutions across every layer of the payment value chain.

She also emphasized the company’s purpose-driven approach to building the infrastructure that powers Africa’s digital economy and enabling secure money movement on a scale.

“Interswitch helps people navigate their daily lives with greater ease. We make transactions flow safely and reliably. We do this by connecting banks, supporting secure and reliable payments, and strengthening the entire value chain of digital finance.

“Today, we hold a significant portion of the market, and that achievement reflects the deep trust our banking and fintech partners place in our platforms. We continue to deliver because the ecosystem has worked with us every step of the way,” Ms Aliyu said.

There were also contributions from Munachimso Duru, Head, Products, Partnership and Innovation, Afrigopay Financial Services Limited; Damola Giwa, Country Manager, Visa West Africa; Nike Kolawole, representing Aisha Abdullahi, Executive Director, Credit and Portfolio Management, CREDICORP; and Ifeanyi Chukuwekem, Head, Corporate Strategy Department, eTranzact, offering a broad industry perspective on the future of responsible credit delivery.

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