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Fitch Downgrades Diamond Bank over Solvency, Liquidity Risks

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By Dipo Olowookere

Fitch Ratings has announced downgrading the Long-Term Issuer Default Rating (IDR) of Nigeria’s Diamond Bank Plc to ‘CCC’ from ‘B-‘.

In a statement on Friday, Fitch said it has also lowered the bank’s Short-Term IDR to ‘C’ from ‘B’ as well as the National Long-Term Rating, which was dropped to ‘B(nga)’ from ‘BB+(nga)’.

The rating agency said the two-notch downgrade of Diamond Bank’s Long-Term IDR reflects uncertainty over its solvency and liquidity in view of very weak asset quality, highly vulnerable capital position as well as tight foreign currency (FC) liquidity ahead of an upcoming maturing $200 million Eurobond in May 2019.

The bank has some contingency plans, such as the sale of its UK subsidiary, but execution may be challenging, especially considering the recent resignation of four board members, it said.

In a statement, Fitch said Diamond Bank’s IDRs are driven by its standalone credit profile, as defined by its Viability Rating (VR).

It noted that the lender’s VR is highly influenced by very weak asset quality, which renders its capital position highly vulnerable to any further deterioration, with the VR also reflecting limited FC liquidity.

In the statement, Fitch said Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9, including past due not impaired, which better captures asset quality in our view, accounted for a very large of 37 percent of gross loans at end-1H18, compared with a reported impaired loans ratio (under IAS39) of 13 percent for the same period.

Diamond Bank’s stage 2 loans were a further 23 percent of gross loans, mostly comprising restructured loans. Diamond Bank has the highest share of problem loans (total stage 2 and stage 3 loans as a proportion of gross loans) among Nigerian rated banks, it said, adding that loan loss allowance cover is very low at 19 percent of stage 3 loans.

“We view Diamond Bank’s capital buffers as limited, given very weak asset quality, despite a relatively high Fitch Core Capital (FCC) ratio of 17.5 percent at end-1H18.

“In our view capital remains highly vulnerable given the bank’s low loan loss allowances. Higher reserve coverage would erode considerably the bank’s capital base. Unreserved stage 3 loans were 110 percent of FCC at end-1H18,” the statement said.

Diamond Bank has a small buffer over its 15 percent regulatory total capital adequacy ratio requirement (Total CAR at 16.3 percent at end-9M18).

Fitch said it understands that Diamond Bank has received the approval from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to obtain a national banking licence, and therefore lower its minimum total capital requirements to 10 percent. However, it stressed that this is subject to the completion of the sale of the UK subsidiary.

Diamond Bank’s FC liquidity improved in 2017, in line with easing FC liquidity conditions in Nigeria. However, FC liquidity remains tight, as Diamond Bank’s FC loans/customer deposits ratio reached 180 percent at end-1H18.

The bank has a number of large bullet repayments due in the short term, including its $200 million Eurobond maturing in May 2019, $100 million from Afrexim due in March 2019, and $70 million from the International Finance Corporation due in July 2019. The bank had about $300 million of liquid assets held as unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and loans to foreign banks at end-1H18.

“We understand that the bank aims to negotiate the refinancing of international financial institution funding, while the improved cash flows from the oil loan book and the disposal of its subsidiary in the UK will be the main contributors to redeeming the Eurobond.

“However, the refinancing has not yet been agreed, while subsidiary disposal has yet to be approved by the Prudential Regulation Authority in the UK and cash flows from the troubled oil sector are uncertain.

“Therefore we see significant execution risk with this plan. Although FC supply has improved, we do not expect Diamond Bank to be able to swap significant volumes of local currency to repay foreign currency obligations,” Fitch said.

Fitch also noted that Diamond Bank’s Long-Term IDR also considers governance shortfalls following the resignation of four members of the board in October 2018, including the chairman (only appointed in 2018) and three non-executive directors, raising questions around effective oversight and ongoing operational capability of the bank. It may also create difficulties in refinancing its obligations with existing lenders.

It said Diamond Bank’s National Ratings reflect its creditworthiness relative to the country’s best credit and relative to peers operating in Nigeria. The Long-term National Rating has been downgraded by several notches due to its weaker credit profile.

“Diamond Bank’s senior unsecured debt has been downgraded to ‘CCC’/’RR4’, reflecting our assessment that average recoveries are a plausible outcome for senior bondholders in the event of a default, albeit this is sensitive to changes in assumptions,” the statement said.

Furthermore, it said Diamond Bank’s Support Rating (SR) and Support Rating Floor (SRF) reflect uncertainty over the ability of the authorities to support banks, particularly in FC.

In addition, there are no clear messages from the authorities regarding their willingness to support the banking system.

“Our view is that senior creditors cannot rely on receiving full and timely extraordinary support from the authorities should a bank become non-viable. Therefore, the SRF of all Nigerian banks is ‘No Floor’ and all Support Ratings are ‘5’,” the statement added.

Diamond Bank’s IDRs are sensitive to any change in its VR. The VR is sensitive to further weakening of precarious asset quality, including a migration of Stage 2 loans to Stage 3 and from further reserving shortfalls of Stage 3 loans, eroding capital.

The VR is also sensitive to any increase in the probability for being able to meet FC obligations. The VR is also sensitive to continuing governance weaknesses stemming from the resignation of four directors, it stated. Fitch said rating upside is unlikely in the short term given the bank’s very fragile financial position. An upgrade of the bank’s VR may result from reduced execution risk in meeting FC obligations or a structural shift in capitalisation, increasing Diamond’s ability to build loan loss allowances, adding that the bank’s National Ratings are sensitive to a change in its creditworthiness relative to other Nigerian issuers.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Banking

Coronation Merchant Bank Targets Top-Tier African Status in Next Growth Phase

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Coronation Merchant Bank has set its sights on attaining top-tier status among African banks, leveraging a decade of operations and Nigeria’s ongoing economic reforms to drive its next phase of growth across key sectors.

Speaking at the Chairman’s Dinner held to commemorate the bank’s 10th anniversary in Lagos, the chief executive of the lender, Mr Paul Abiagam, said the institution had successfully carved out a distinct niche in Nigeria’s highly competitive financial services market despite a decade defined by economic volatility, policy shifts and macroeconomic uncertainty.

“Over the last 10 years, we have found our own space in a very tight market and built credible footprints in the specific markets we chose to serve,” Mr Abiagam said.

Describing the bank’s journey as “valiant” amid the changing economic landscape, he said the anniversary represents both a moment of gratitude to the bank’s founder, shareholders, board and partners, and a recommitment to scale new heights in the decade ahead.

Mr Abiagam attributed the bank’s resilience and steady growth to strong shareholder and board support, as well as a clear and disciplined corporate strategy.

He noted that Coronation Merchant Bank’s focus on defined target markets had enabled it to expand its footprint across key sectors of the economy while maintaining operational clarity.

Looking ahead, the CEO said ongoing reforms and the Federal Government’s ambition to build a $1 trillion economy present significant opportunities for financial institutions with the right expertise and positioning.

He identified infrastructure, construction, real estate, oil and gas, and manufacturing as priority sectors where the bank is already aligning its strategy.

“Volatility often comes with opportunity, What we see clearly is opportunity, and our strategy is to ensure we are well positioned to take advantage of it.” Mr Abiagam said.

Among the bank’s notable milestones, Mr Abiagam highlighted its international credit ratings, placing Coronation among a small group of internationally rated merchant banks in Nigeria.

He also pointed to human capital as a core strength, describing the bank’s people and talent as its greatest asset.

In his remarks, the Chairman of Coronation Merchant Bank, Mr Babatunde Folawiyo, reflected on the challenges of operating in Nigeria’s banking sector over the past decade, noting that the true measure of success lies in an institution’s ability to grow through uncertainty and emerge stronger.

“Anyone who has operated in Nigeria’s banking space over the last 10 years knows how challenging it has been,” Mr Folawiyo said, citing policy changes, macroeconomic shifts and leadership transitions. “The real test is whether you can grow through those challenges—and we have.”

Mr Folawiyo said recent reforms have introduced greater certainty into the economy, particularly in the foreign exchange market, which is critical for business planning and sustainable growth. While acknowledging that the adjustment period has been difficult, he stressed that predictability, even at higher exchange rates, is far more beneficial than extreme volatility.

“No business thrives without some level of stability. What hurts the economy most is wild and sudden swings. Predictability allows businesses to plan, adjust and grow,” he said.

On the outlook for the sector, Mr Folawiyo said Nigeria remains significantly underbanked, creating room for diverse players within the financial system. While technology and fintechs are expanding access to financial services, he emphasized the enduring role of specialized institutions such as merchant banks in serving corporate and structured finance needs.

“A corporate client structuring commercial papers or complex funding solutions needs more than a fintech app. It needs a bespoke, one-stop financial partner. That is where merchant banks like ours play a critical role,” the Chairman said.

He added that Coronation Merchant Bank’s strategy is anchored on long-term economic fundamentals rather than political cycles, noting that the current policy direction of the Central Bank and the Federal Government, though initially painful, aligns with sound economic principles.

“These are textbook reforms. There is no gain without pain, and we are already beginning to see the gains, not just in the financial sector but across the broader economy,” he added.

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Banking

S&P Forecasts 25% Credit Growth for Nigerian Banks in 2026

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Nigerian Banks

By Adedapo Adesanya

Nigerian banks are expected to post stronger credit growth of up to 25 per cent in 2026 while retaining positive profitability, according to a new outlook by S&P Global Ratings.

In its Nigerian Banking Outlook 2026, S&P said improved lending to key sectors of the economy alongside resilient non-interest income would help banks absorb the impact of regulatory headwinds and easing interest rates.

The ratings agency projected credit growth of between 20 and 25 per cent in 2026, driven largely by increased investments in oil and gas, agriculture and manufacturing.

It added that the outlook for lending was supported by expectations of moderating inflation and gradual monetary easing, following recent interest rate cuts by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

“We expect credit growth of about 20-25 per cent supported by investments in the oil and gas, agriculture, and manufacturing sectors. Although interest rates have started to decrease, profitability should stay resilient in 2026, supported by growth in non-interest income (NII) and lower provisions.

“We expect Nigerian banks to prove resilient and capable of preserving their profitability in 2026,” S&P said, noting that earnings would be supported by transaction driven fees, commissions and a still elevated cost of risk, even as margins come under pressure.

The ratings agency noted further that it expects nominal lending growth to remain high at about 25 per cent, supported largely by investments in the oil and gas sector, agriculture and manufacturing.

S&P said Nigerian banks would continue to benefit from rates that remain high relative to peers, supporting net interest margins while interest rates are expected to decline further in 2026.

“Although interest rates have started to decline, we expect rates to remain high relative to peers, which will continue to support banks’ net interest margins through 2026.

“We forecast the average return on equity (ROE) will normalise at 20-23 per cent in 2026 compared to 25 per cent estimated for 2025, while return on assets will decline marginally to 3.0-3.1 per cent from an estimated 3.3 per cent in 2025. Profitability will be supported by still high interest margins, growing NII, and slightly lower provisions, while capital issuance will increase the equity base leading to a lower ROE.

“Although interest rates have started to decline, we expect rates to be high relative to peers, which will continue to support the banks’ net interest margins through 2026. We forecast an average margin drop of about 50bps to 100bps in 2026, as banks’ margins will continue to benefit from higher yields on government securities and large recourse to low-cost customer deposits.”

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Banking

CBN Targets Reforms to Ease Compliance Burdens on Fintech Firms

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fintech innovators

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

To ease regulatory compliance burdens on financial technology (fintech) companies, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is considering some strategic reforms through a policy known as the Single Regulatory Window.

In its 2025 Fintech Report, the central bank said this scheme will significantly reduce time-to-market for new digital financial products by streamlining licensing and supervisory processes across multiple agencies.

The CBN said there would be a shared regulatory infrastructure in form of a Compliance-as-a-Service model to cut down duplicative reporting, ease the burden on regulated fintechs, and enhance supervisory visibility.

The apex bank said it came up with this idea after being aware of some challenges stakeholders, especially operators, go through in the ecosystem.

The bank said fintech firms remain a critical leg in its financial inclusion drive in Nigeria and must be supported to expand their operations to achieve the goal.

The CBN report showed that 62.5 per cent of fintech firms lamented how regulatory timelines materially affect product rollouts, while over one-third noted that it takes more than 12 months to bring a new product to market, largely due to compliance bottlenecks.

“Stakeholders cited delays in approvals and ambiguity in regulatory guidelines as their most pressing concerns,” a part of the report disclosed.

The report recommended “exploring models for a Single Regulatory Window to simplify multi-agency compliance processes and reduce time-to-market.”

It was also suggested that to address the issues, the bank must review “approval timelines and operational guidelines.”

In addition, the central bank was advised to either review the PSB framework or introduce a dedicated digital banking licence that would enable inclusive lending under stronger prudential oversight.

“A dedicated digital bank licence may be a more effective pathway for inclusive lending than expanding the PSB mandate,” the respondents suggested.

As for digital assets, the CBN signalled a shift towards a more nuanced regulatory framework for cryptocurrency, balancing innovation with financial integrity rather than imposing blanket restrictions, as fintechs acknowledged crypto’s potential to drive cost-effective cross-border transactions and strengthen remittance channels, while also warning of risks linked to illicit flows and consumer protection.

“There was broad agreement on the need for a risk-based, activity-focused regulatory framework,” the report stated, adding that regulators must avoid equating all crypto activity with criminality, especially as many scams originate offshore.

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