Economy
$2.5b Currency Swap: CBN Appoints Four Lenders as Settlement Banks
By Dipo Olowookere
Four banks have been appointed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as settlement banks for the $2.5 billion currency swap deal signed between Nigeria and China last Friday in Beijing.
According to a report by ThisDay, the four financial institutions appointed by the apex bank are First Bank of Nigeria Limited, Stanbic IBTC, Standard Chartered Bank (SCB) and Zenith Bank Plc.
Last Friday, the CBN, on behalf of Nigeria, sealed the much-awaited $2.5 billion bilateral currency swap agreement with the People’s Bank of China (PBoC).
The settlement banks are expected to handle the trade obligations that would enable an importer in Nigeria, after filling the required documentation, to easily exchange the Naira for the Renminbi (RMB) instead of resorting to third currencies such as the US Dollar, while the reverse will be the case for importers in China that trade with Nigerian businesses.
Quoting a source at the CBN privy to the deal, ThisDay said while two of the banks will begin work immediately, the two others will have to upgrade their statuses in China.
Standard Chartered Bank and Stanbic IBTC already have operational offices in China, while Zenith Bank and First Bank have representative offices in Beijing.
“While SCB already has a presence in China through its Standard Chartered Bank (China) Limited, Stanbic has been trading in the country through its affiliate, the Investment and Commercial Bank China (ICBC).
“However, FBN and Zenith Bank were also appointed because they already have representative offices in China.
“So, while SCB and Stanbic can start immediately, it would take FBN and Zenith Bank some time to join the settlement arrangement because they would have to convert their representative offices to operational offices.
“This whole swap agreement would kick off likely before June because we have to operationalise the settlement arrangement with the relevant institutions,” the source quoted in the report said.
It was gathered that these banks, to be responsible for settling the trade transactions between importers and exporters from both countries, will likely take off just before next month.
The source explained further that the currency swap by the two central bank governors was partly facilitated by the improving economic environment in Nigeria.
“As you know, negotiations have been on-going for two years, so yes to some extent, the improvement in foreign reserves and government revenues, drop in the inflation rate, and the uptick in economic activities, played a role in getting the swap with the PCoB.
“But this was not the only reason factored into the negotiations, as there were other bilateral reasons which I am not at liberty to disclose,” she said.
When asked about the impact on the country’s external reserves, the source pointed out that China is Nigeria’s largest trading partner, accounting for about 35 percent of trade.
However, the National Bureau of Statistics’ (NBS) Fourth Quarter (Q4) 2017 Foreign Trade Statistics put China’s trade with Nigeria at 22 percent, making it a major trading partner. The total value of trade in Q4 2017 was put at N465.13 billion.
According to the CBN source, the currency swap will play a role in reserves management as pressure from Nigerian importers seeking to source dollars will now dissipate.
“Of course, this will help in terms of management of our reserves. What this means is that pressure on Nigerian importers seeking to source dollars to import goods from China will completely dissipate,” she explained.
Yesterday, the CBN, through its spokesman, Mr Isaac Okorafor, said in a statement on Thursday that among other benefits, the agreement is expected to provide Naira liquidity to Chinese businesses and provide RMB liquidity to Nigerian businesses respectively, thereby improving the speed, convenience and volume of transactions between the two countries.
Also, the currency swap is aimed at providing adequate local currency liquidity to Nigerian and Chinese industrialists and other businesses thereby reducing the difficulties encountered in the search for third currencies.
Furthermore, the deal will make it easier for most Nigerian manufacturers, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and cottage industries in manufacturing and export businesses to import raw materials, spare -parts and simple machinery to undertake their businesses by taking advantage of available RMB liquidity from Nigerian banks without being exposed to the difficulties of seeking other scare foreign currencies.
The deal, which is purely an exchange of currencies, will also make it easier for Chinese manufacturers seeking to buy raw materials from Nigeria to obtain enough Naira from banks in China to pay for their imports from Nigeria.
The CBN said this will protect Nigerian business people from the harsh effects of third currency fluctuations.
Economy
Nigeria Launches EMERGE to Unlock $750bn Mineral Wealth
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria has launched the Early-Stage Mineral Exploration and Research Grant Endowment Program (EMERGE), a new initiative aimed at accelerating early-stage mineral exploration, strengthening geological research and advancing local value addition.
The programme is part of moves to unlock Nigeria’s $750 billion worth of untapped mineral deposits under broader efforts to diversify its economy beyond oil.
Nigeria has outlined plans to expand mineral exploration and production, identifying 44 strategic mineral deposits and is seeking developers with the requisite capital and technological expertise to invest.
The government has also sought to increase mining’s contribution to GDP to 10 per cent in 2026. However, unlocking these opportunities will require stronger geological data, greater technical capacity and increased investment in early-stage exploration.
The introduction of the EMERGE initiative aims to address these gaps. The programme is centred around three areas of focus: science-backed exploration, critical minerals development and research and development.
The exploration stream targets early-stage geological insights to generate reliable mineral data, the critical minerals stream targets minerals required for the energy transition, while the research and development stream integrates science and innovation across the value chain.
Driven by the Solid Minerals Development Fund, the programme is designed to position Nigeria as a major player in the global minerals value chain. It also builds on a rising wave of international partnerships aimed at modernising Nigeria’s exploration infrastructure through digitisation and enhanced capacity building.
Nigeria and Turkey formalised a partnership agreement in May 2026, aimed at strengthening cooperation in mining technology, exploration and investment.
Nigeria has also entered geological mapping and exploration cooperation agreements with South Sudan and South Africa, aimed at advancing geological and technical expertise while facilitating greater investment flows across the exploration sector.
Recent mineral ambitions are being backed by global finance. In March 2026, Nigeria secured $1.3 billion from the Africa Finance Corporation (AFC) to fund its mineral exploration programs as well as the construction of an alumina refinery, advancing its national mineral production and domestic beneficiation strategy.
Also, late last year, the federal government allocated over $600 million for geoscientific exploration and nationwide mapping, highlighting Nigeria’s commitment to de-risk the sector through access to modern geological data and accelerated exploration activities.
Economy
Ellah Lakes Gets Equipment for Palm Kernel Oil Mill, Plans Cold Chain Facility for Piggery
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
To strengthen its integrated agribusiness platform, Ellah Lakes Plc has acquired the first set of expellers and presses for its Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) mill.
The company also plans to proceed with the installation of its abattoir and cold chain facility to support its longer-term strategy of scaling its piggery operations, improving processing capacity and enhancing market access for livestock products.
At the moment, Ellah Lakes has surpassed 1,000 pigs on its farm, reflecting continued progress in the scaling of its livestock operations, positioning the organisation as one of the leading piggery operators in Edo State and reinforcing livestock as an important vertical within its integrated agribusiness model, which supports revenue diversification and near-to-medium-term cash flow generation as the firm’s plantation assets continue to mature.
In a statement, the leading indigenous agribusiness organisation disclosed that the installation of the expellers and presses for its PKO mill should be completed by the end of Q3 2026, ahead of the commencement of the production of Palm Kernel Oil and Palm Kernel Cake (PKC).
It was noted that the addition of PKO and PKC production will enable Ellah Lakes to capture further value from its oil palm operations, expand its product base and deepen its participation across the agricultural value chain.
“These milestones reflect the continued execution of our strategy to build Ellah Lakes into a more integrated and commercially resilient agribusiness platform.
“The acquisition of equipment for our PKO Mill advances our move into higher-value processing, while the growth of our piggery operations strengthens an important cash-generating vertical within our business model,” the chief executive of Ellah Lakes, Mr Chuka Mordi, stated.
“As our plantation assets continue to mature, we are focused on expanding operating verticals that broaden our revenue base, improve value capture and support more consistent cash flow.
“Our priority is to complete key installations, scale production efficiently and build the infrastructure required to support sustainable long-term growth,” Mr Mordi added.
Economy
Shrinking Access to Credit Worries MAN as Bank Lending Drops N1.92trn
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Manufacturers of Nigeria (MAN) has warned that manufacturers are facing a disparity in access to structured credit, which is affecting the sector’s productivity.
In his analysis, the Director General of MAN, Mr Segun Ajayi-Kadir, explained that commercial bank credit to manufacturers declined by N1.92 trillion between December 2024 and December 2025 to N6.61 trillion from N8.53 trillion.
The figure, he said, represents a year-on-year contraction of 22.5 per cent, placing manufacturing among the sectors with the highest decline in credit access.
Mr Ajayi-Kadir said the development was troubling at a time when Nigeria requires increased investment in productive sectors to strengthen local production, reduce import dependence and create employment opportunities.
“Declining access to affordable finance is threatening factory expansion, employment and economic diversification, and government and regulators need to urgently reform industrial financing,” he said.
He noted that while manufacturing credit suffered a major decline, other sectors such as oil and gas and financial services continued to attract higher levels of bank financing, raising concerns about the allocation of capital towards productive activities.
The MAN DG blamed the worsening situation on a combination of high borrowing costs, restrictive monetary conditions, commercial banks’ risk-averse lending approach and delays in implementing targeted industrial support programmes.
He highlighted high interest rates as one of the biggest obstacles confronting businesses, noting that borrowing costs remain too expensive for long-term investments in factories, machinery upgrades and production expansion.
MAN stated that with lending rates reportedly above 30 per cent in many cases, manufacturers are finding it increasingly difficult to finance operations, maintain competitiveness and expand capacity.
The association also identified the high Cash Reserve Requirement (CRR) maintained by the Central Bank of Nigeria as another factor limiting the amount of funds available for lending to businesses.
According to MAN, commercial banks have become more cautious in extending credit because they bear the risks associated with intervention funds, leaving manufacturers unable to meet collateral and equity requirements demanded by lenders.
The association also cautioned that weakening domestic production could deepen inflationary pressures by increasing dependence on imported goods and putting additional pressure on foreign exchange reserves.
To reverse the trend, the MAN boss called for urgent measures, including the introduction of government-backed credit guarantees for small and medium-scale manufacturers.
Mr Ajayi-Kadir also urged the government to ensure the immediate implementation of the Manufacturing Stabilisation Fund and create a more direct financing structure capable of delivering single-digit interest loans to genuine manufacturers.
He said Nigeria’s industrial ambitions could only be achieved when manufacturers have access to affordable and sustainable financing.
The MAN boss warned that without a functional credit system supporting production, Nigeria’s goal of becoming a competitive manufacturing economy would remain difficult to achieve.
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