Economy
Africa Records Zero IPOs in H1 2021
A new report has revealed that in the first half of 2021, African exchanges did not record any cross-border Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).
However, the continued global demand for special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) IPOs reached African shores in the period under review, with a cross-border listing from a South African SPAC issuer, African Gold Acquisition Corporation, into the New York Stock Exchange.
In the new Baker McKenzie analysis, H1 IPO Snapshot: Unfolding Trends for 2021, it was noted that globally, the continued demand for SPAC deals, as well as current high liquidity and investor enthusiasm, caused capital raising to surge to new highs in H1 of 2021, with the bulk of companies preferring to list their IPOs locally.
A total of 1,263 deals valued at $294 billion are expected to be completed by June 30, 2021, with domestic IPOs accounting for 77 per cent of all listings during this time.
Commenting on the lack of cross-border IPOs as a form of capital raising in Africa, the Head of Africa at Baker McKenzie, Mr Wildu du Plessis, explained that, “Issuers and investors in Africa are waiting for economic and legal certainty and effective regulation to be implemented, combined with the need for deeper liquidity before they go ahead with capital raising in the continent.
“It is also worth noting that the region tends to lag the global pattern by a few cycles, so we could see a similar rising demand for African IPOs in future years, possibly boosted by the launch of the African Continental Free Trade Area at the beginning of this year.”
Regarding the SPAC listing by African Gold Acquisition Corporation, Mr Du Plessis explained that SPACs are formed to raise capital through IPOs, with the capital raised then used to acquire existing companies (or invest in existing businesses) the identities of which are not disclosed or even known at the time of the IPO.
Even though some indication is given at the time of the IPO as to which industries will be targeted, investors in these SPACs are essentially asked to invest in a somewhat uncertain future.
The African Gold Acquisition Corporation has noted it could potentially target any industry, but it will mainly focus on target companies with operations in the gold mining sector.
African investors and issuers with interests in the mining sector in Africa will be watching this SPAC closely, with the possibility that this could ignite a growing trend for this type of capital raising in Africa down the line.
Mr Du Plessis explained that while cross-border IPOs are currently not used as a way to raise capital on the continent, the next few years could possibly see increased capital raising activity for companies in industries particularly hard hit during COVID-19, including hospitality and transportation.
The technology sector is also expected to dovetail into life sciences, and this could result in a move towards capital raising via IPOs for technology companies with operations in Africa. New and innovative technologies (particularly among biotech, fintech, edtech, software AI and health tech) continue to emerge at an unprecedented pace, expedited by COVID-19 and the need to digitally innovate business operations to survive in a virtual environment could boost regional capital raising transactions.
“Further, no matter where businesses are in the world or what industry they operate in, Environmental Social and Governance (ESG) has become one of the hottest topics for businesses, their boards, their customers and their employees.
“While in previous years, some viewed the inclusion of ESG elements to be at the expense of returns and efficiency, among other things, this has rightly shifted to viewing ESG strategy as a prerequisite to business success. ESG is fast becoming an essential element for successful transactions in Africa,” Mr Du Plessis said.
Top exchanges
The Nasdaq and the NYSE were the top exchange destinations in H1 2021, raising over $160 billion across 519 IPOs. Over 80 per cent of IPO issuers were US-based.
Continued growth in Mainland China domestic listings bolstered the performance of the Shenzhen and Shanghai exchanges. Other strong performers included the ASX, TSX (mainboard, TSXV and NEX Board), Japan Exchange Group, KRX and HKEx (mainboard and GEM).
Euronext Amsterdam was boosted by two cross-border megadeals, worth over USD 1 billion each, bringing capital raising for Euronext to over USD 4 billion for the first time since 2018.
Top industries
The financial sector led in terms of value (USD 124 billion raised) and volume (455 deals), most notably due to the number of SPAC IPOs, with over 350 SPACs going public to raise $103 billion. Technology and Healthcare came in second and third in the rankings for both value and volume, as the COVID-19 pandemic helped to drive investments into these sectors, particularly in China.
Other Trends
In addition to the rise in SPACs in the US, other regions may also be moving to attract SPAC activity. In London, Lord Hill’s review of the UK’s listing regime was published in an effort to help the LSE gain a more competitive edge against other exchanges post-Brexit.
One recommendation is to remove the automatic suspension of SPACs. Euronext, Hong Kong and Singapore are also exploring SPACs due to investor demand.
In the US, headwinds are building for SPACs. The US capital markets landscape is expected to shift in the coming months, due to the new US administration and SEC chair.
Various regulatory and disclosure changes are considered likely, including an increased focus on ESG reporting requirements (including DEI disclosures), closer scrutiny of SPACs and more enforcement proceedings by the SEC.
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The Dangote Refinery located in the Lekki area of Lagos State has been described as a game-changer for Nigeria’s economy because of its significance to the country’s sustainable growth.
This was the view of the Ogun State Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture (OGUNCCIMA) through its president, Mr Niyi Oshiyemi.
“The Dangote Refinery is a game-changer for Nigeria’s economy. With a capacity to refine 650,000 barrels of crude oil daily, it has reduced Nigeria’s reliance on imported petroleum products, conserved foreign exchange, and fortified our energy security.
“This milestone reinforces the critical role the private sector plays in national development,” Mr Oshinyemi said, noting that, “The refinery’s operations have created employment for Nigerians at all levels while fostering technology transfer and skills acquisition. This has strengthened local businesses and equipped them with the tools to compete in domestic and global markets.”
The emphasis on local content has been a cornerstone of Dangote Refinery’s strategy. By sourcing materials locally and partnering with indigenous companies, the refinery has supported the growth of Nigerian enterprises and encouraged investments in infrastructure, engineering, and technology.
The ripple effects of the Dangote Refinery extend beyond the energy sector. Its presence has catalyzed industrialization by attracting investments in related sectors such as petrochemicals, manufacturing, and transportation. This multiplier effect has significantly expanded Nigeria’s industrial base and enhanced the nation’s economic competitiveness.
“This refinery is a shining example of what can be achieved through visionary leadership and investment in strategic sectors. It demonstrates Africa’s potential to compete globally and foster regional integration,” Mr Oshiyemi remarked.
In addition to its economic contributions, Dangote Refinery has maintained a strong commitment to corporate social responsibility. The Dangote Group’s investments in education, healthcare, and infrastructure have improved the quality of life for many Nigerians and strengthened community resilience.
“Dangote Refinery exemplifies the role of private sector enterprises in driving social progress alongside economic development. Its initiatives in healthcare and education are building a brighter future for Nigerians,” the OGUNCCIMA chief noted.
He urged stakeholders across public and private sectors to emulate the Dangote Refinery’s innovative approach to development. By fostering partnerships and investing in transformative projects, Nigeria can achieve sustainable economic growth and reduce its reliance on external resources.
“This refinery stands as a model for what is possible when the private sector leads with vision and commitment. We call on all stakeholders to collaborate and replicate such success stories to build a resilient, self-reliant, and prosperous Nigeria,” Mr Oshiyemi concluded.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The House of Representatives on Wednesday passed the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) and Fiscal Strategy Paper (FSP) for the next three years (2025-2027).
In passing the MTEF, the lower chamber’s committees on Finance, Petroleum Upstream, and Petroleum Downstream were tasked to investigate reports from the Revenue Mobilization, Allocation, and Fiscal Responsibility Commission (RMAFC) alleging that the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited’s withheld N8.48 trillion as claimed subsidies for petrol.
Additionally, the investigation will address the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) report that claimed the NNPC failed to remit $2 billion (N3.6 trillion) in taxes to the federal government.
The committees were further directed to verify the total cumulative amount of unremitted revenue (under-recovery) from the sale of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) by the NNPC between 2020 and 2023.
Some of the recommendations in the MTEF as adopted by the house are; that the projected oil benchmark prices are $75, $76.2 and $75.3 per barrel in 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.
Three-year projections for domestic crude oil production are 2.06 million barrels per day, 2.10 million barrels per day and 2.35 million barrels per day for the subsequent years of 2025, 2026 and 2027.
The country’s economic growth rate forecast, measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) was put at 4.6 per cent, 4.4 per cent and 5.5 per cent for the years 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Petroleum Products Retail Outlets Owners Association of Nigeria (PETROAN) has said the price of Premium Motor Spirit, also known as petrol, being sold by the old Port Harcourt Refinery, which resumed production on Tuesday, is N75 per litre higher than that sold by the Dangote Refinery.
This was revealed by the association’s Public Relations Officer, Mr Joseph Obele, during the official reopening ceremony of the refinery, which is now operating at a capacity of 60,000 barrels per day.
Business Post reports that the lifting price of Dangote’s petrol product is N990 per litre. However, the refinery announced a N20 discount on Sunday, which is only available to marketers buying a minimum of 2 million litres of the fuel.
Mr Obele, a former chairman of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria (IPMAN) at the Port Harcourt Deport who initially applauded the federal government for revitalising the old refinery, expressed concern over the pricing disparity between petrol supplied by the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited and the Dangote Refinery.
According to him, while Dangote Refinery sells petrol to marketers at N970 per litre, NNPC’s price stands at N1,045, a difference of N75 per litre.
He said the N75 price differential is a steep margin for businesses, particularly for an industry where profitability hinges on competitive pricing.
However, Mr Obele described the refinery’s restoration as a significant step in reducing Nigeria’s dependence on imported petroleum products.
He revealed that the Group Chief Executive Officer of NNPC Limited, Mr Mele Kyari, has promised to address the issue and harmonise prices to mitigate the impact on marketers and consumers.
The reopening of the Port Harcourt Refinery I is expected to enhance local production capacity and reduce reliance on imports, a move welcomed by stakeholders across the sector.
However, concerns over pricing disparities underscore the need for continuous reforms to stabilise the downstream sector of the petroleum industry.
The reopening has also sparked anticipation for the rehabilitation of other state-owned refineries including the second refinery in Port Harcourt as well as the Warri and Kaduna structures.
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