Economy
EXPLAINER: How CBN’s 22.75% Interest Rate Hike May Affect You
By Dipo Olowookere
Today, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), through its Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) raised the benchmark interest rate, the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR), by 4.00 per cent or 400 basis points to 22.75 per cent from 18.75 per cent.
This rate hike was inevitable, though the margin of increase was not expected.
I know you are asking how this affects you. Hey, listen carefully, you should be bothered and I will explain why.
Now, the MPR is called the benchmark interest rate because it is what commercial banks use to determine the interest rate they give loans to their customers.
If you need to secure a loan to run a business or anything, no bank will likely give you below the MPR, which as of today is 22.75 per cent.
So, if the banks before the current hike gave loans to customers between 20 and 28 per cent when the MPR was at 18.75 per cent, you can imagine what rate they will give you that loan when the benchmark rate is 22.75 per cent, do the math yourself.
And for those who had already taken loans before this rate increment, you are not spared. Expect calls from your banks from tomorrow informing you of an upward review of the rate.
If you say you are still not bothered because you have not had any reason to get a loan from commercial banks, well, I am sorry to inform you that it will also affect you.
How? Let me break it down for you.
A business owner who obtains a loan from a commercial bank at say 30 or 35 per cent based on the current interest rate hike will surely pass this cost to consumers, which includes you reading this explainer.
So, the item you get at N100 today may likely be sold at N150 or more tomorrow because of this CBN announcement.
Then why did the central bank do this at this trying time?
Well, the theoretical reason is to make the cost of borrowing (obtaining loans) more expensive to reduce your purchasing power or spending to possibly bring down the inflation rate. The idea is that if consumers reduce their spending, producers may be forced to bring down their prices to encourage spending, which will, in turn, bring down inflation, which is the average cost of goods and services.
But for investors, the current interest rate is low because it is not more than inflation, which the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said was 29.90 per cent in January 2024.
An investor will prefer an environment where the rate is higher than inflation to get a return on investment (ROI).
At the moment, it is at a loss of 7.15 per cent (Interest rate – Inflation rate).
So, do not be surprised when the CBN sells treasury bills at the next primary market auction between 22 per cent and 26 per cent). The coupon rates for FGN bonds will also go up to attract investors.
As for the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) the MPC raised by 12.5 per cent to 45 per cent from 32.5 per cent, it is to reduce the significantly cut down on the amount of money commercial banks can make available for lending to customers.
It simply means the banks must keep 45 per cent of the total customer deposits with the CBN. Through this, the central bank is also controlling the supply of money in the system.
If you need any further clarification, please feel free to reach us at bu*****************@***il.com, in**@**********st.ng or di*************@**********st.ng.
By Dipo Olowookere
On the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited last week, investors transacted 3.648 billion shares worth N220.568 billion in 251,861 deals compared with the 3.821 billion shares valued at N154.393 billion traded in 258,567 deals a week earlier.
Analysis showed that financial stocks led the activity chart with 2.899 billion units sold for N147.360 billion in 106,603 deals, accounting for 79.48 per cent and 66.81 per cent of the total trading volume and value, respectively.
Services equities recorded a turnover of 164.914 million units valued at N3.615 billion in 16,375 deals, and the consumer goods shares exchanged 157.451 million units worth N7.777 billion in 27,950 deals.
First Holdco, Zenith Bank, and Fidelity Bank were the busiest stocks for the five-day trading week, trading 1.745 billion units valued at N121.828 billion in 31,053 deals, contributing 47.85 per cent and 55.23 per cent to the total trading volume and value, respectively.
Business Post reports that 60 equities appreciated during the week versus 22 equities in the previous week, 28 shares depreciated versus 57 shares of the preceding week, and 58 stocks closed flat versus 67 stocks of the previous week.
International Breweries gained 40.00 per cent to trade at N13.30, RT Briscoe expanded by 32.02 per cent to N13.40, Livestock Feeds improved by 28.47 per cent to N9.25, First Holdco chalked up 25.82 per cent to close at N69.20, and Abbey Bank rose by 23.65 per cent to N9.15.
On the flip side, McNichols lost 28.57 per cent to finish at N5.00, Thomas Wyatt gave up 11.64 per cent to quote at N2.43, Geregu Power declined by 10.00 per cent to N825.70, CAP shed 9.99 per cent to settle at N157.60, and Guinness Nigeria also slipped by 9.99 per cent to N329.00.
Customs Street was under buying pressure last week, making the All-Share Index (ASI) and the market capitalisation close higher by 6.35 per cent to 243,798.76 points and N156.445 trillion, respectively.
In the same vein, all other indices finished higher apart from the growth and sovereign bond indices, which depreciated by 7.43 per cent and 0.02 per cent, respectively.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange rose by 2.30 per cent, spurring the NASD Security Index (NSI) to close higher by 96.61 points to 4,296.34 points from 4,199.73 points, and raising the market capitalisation by N57.99 billion to N2.578 trillion from N2.521 trillion.
The market was up yesterday despite a lower activity level, as the volume of securities traded slumped by 94.7 per cent to 1.3 million units from the previous 23.9 million units. The value of securities slipped by 57.2 per cent to N29.2 million from the preceding session’s N68.2 million, while the number of deals executed by market participants increased by 6.7 per cent to 32 deals from the 30 deals carried out on Thursday.
At the close of transactions, Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc remained the most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis, with a turnover of 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, trailed by Infrastructure Credit Guarantee (Infracredit) Plc with 2.3 billion units valued at N6.5 billion in trades, and Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc with 70.8 million units traded for N4.9 billion.
GNI Plc was also the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis, with 3.4 billion units sold for N8.4 billion, followed by Infracredit Plc with 2.3 billion units exchanged for N6.5 billion, and Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units transacted for N415.7 million.
During the trading day, there were three price gainers and two price losers, led by Afriland Properties Plc, which shed N1.48 to sell at N15.17 per share compared with the previous session’s N16.65 per share, and Food Concepts Plc, which slid by 7 Kobo to close at N2.69 per unit versus N2.76 per unit.
Conversely, FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc improved its value by N9.50 to trade at N150.00 per share compared with Thursday’s closing price of N140.50 per share, CSCS Plc went up by N7.95 to N89.65 per unit from N81.70 per unit, and 11 Plc soared by N6.94 to N206.95 per share from N200.01 per share.
By Dipo Olowookere
The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited lost its footing by 0.07 per cent on Friday as a result of renewed profit-taking by investors.
The fall happened after Thomas Wyatt and Guinness Nigeria led other price losers group comprising 27 stocks at the market yesterday due to selling pressure.
Thomas Wyatt Nigeria shed 10.00 per cent to quote at N2.70, Guinness Nigeria drowned by 9.99 per cent to close at N329.00, Ikeja Hotel slipped by 9.96 per cent to N42.50, Zichis shed 9.94 per cent to trade at N26.37, and McNichols depreciated by 9.91 per cent to N5.00.
On the flip side, International Breweries gained 9.92 per cent to finish at N13.30, NEM Insurance appreciated by 9.61 per cent to N27.95, Jaiz Bank grew by 6.36 per cent to N9.20, UPDC expanded by 6.33 per cent to N4.20, and Livestock Feeds increased by 6.32 per cent to N9.25.
Business Post reports that investor sentiment remained bullish despite the loss recorded during the session, as there were 27 price decliners and 30 price advancers, representing a positive market breadth index.
Yesterday, market participants transacted 441.3 million equities for N19.4 billion in 44,938 deals compared with the 1.7 billion equities worth N112.0 billion traded in 44,780 deals a day earlier. This showed that the trading volume contracted by 74.04 per cent, the trading value declined by 82.68 per cent, and an uptick in the number of deals by 0.35 per cent.
Access Holdings led the activity chart on Friday after selling 40.2 million shares valued at N1.0 billion, Sterling Holdco traded 30.3 million stocks worth N228.8 million, Fidelity Bank sold 26.3 million equities for N505.6 million, Zenith Bank transacted 22.3 million shares valued at N2.5 billion, and First Holdco exchanged 19.0 million stocks worth N1.3 billion.
During the last trading session of the week, the consumer goods sector rose by 0.49 per cent, the insurance counter increased by 0.06 per cent, and the industrial goods index closed flat, while the banking and energy indices lost 0.78 per cent and 0.52 per cent, respectively.
As a result, the All-Share Index (ASI) shrank by 159.97 points to 243,798.76 points from 243,958.73 points, and the market capitalisation moderated by N103 billion to N156.445 trillion from N156.548 trillion.
