Economy
Global Gig Economy, African Digital Workers at Risk
Professor Graham, addressing the 4th UNI Africa Conference in Dakar, Senegal, warned of the danger of ‘parasitic capitalism’ where digital companies give little back to the places where they are embedded and platform workers are left to fend for themselves.
UNI Global Union General Secretary Philip Jennings’ said research into the Future World of Work followed by action was crucial, “We have to face the reality – the research that has been undertaken by Oxford University, the World Economic Forum, the OECD and others all points to a bleak future of employment which cuts across many sectors. This poses policy questions at all levels and there needs to be more urgency in the policy response.”
Professor Graham, the Oxford-based digital expert, drew on his recently launched paper “Digital Labour and Development” and the corresponding report “The Risks and Rewards of Online Gig Work At the Global Margins.”
Professor Graham said, “There is an alternative to the ‘Upwork.com ’ and ‘Mechanical Turk’ model which is unfortunately successfully pushing the platform economy in its image. Unions must work together to produce an alternative which safeguards the rights of workers. There is no time for excuses because the new structures are being put into place now.”
Professor Graham proposed concrete solutions centred around creating bargaining power for digital platform workers including:
“We could imagine organisations committed to transparency and identifying best practices doing a lot to ensure that workers are paid living wages, have appropriate social and economic protections, and aren’t saddled with an undue amount of risk. So, a Fair Work foundation instead of a Fairtrade foundation – verifying and certifying these sorts of things.
“We can also use what we know about the socially disembedded nature of this work, to push for more of it to be sourced through firms, social enterprises, non-profits, and of course cooperatives – of the non-platform – variety – that adhere to local labour laws.”
“The geographically dispersed nature of digital work platforms has made it extremely hard to regulate. There are many who thrive in that environment. But the role of labour regulation should be to help the most vulnerable. One solution may be that employment status should be established in the place that a service is actually provided. Why should an employer based in Germany or the US be able to avoid adhering to labour laws and minimum standards just because they used a digital platform to connect with a worker?”
Professor Graham advocated creating a transnational digital workers’ union: “If we lack the physical proximity that unions traditionally needed, we at least need some sort of shared occupational identity…One explicit role for a digital workers’ union could be building class consciousness amongst the varied workers, part-time, temporary, full-time, entrepreneurs etc. Highlighting the precariousness of this work. Highlighting that workers are receiving many of the risks of entrepreneurship, but few of the rewards.”
Professor Graham concluded that he was not pessimistic about the Future World of Work but that we should not shy away from the challenges. He pointed out that some African countries were taking the initiative such as Nigeria’s government which has developed a programme called ‘Microwork for Jobs creation.’ Kenya’s government is planning something similar.
Instead of imagining digital work as being undertaken in digital spaces, beyond the realm of regulation and worker-led governance, let’s remember it all happens somewhere. Digital work always has a geography. And we can use what we know about the economic geographies of digital work to envision and strive towards alternate and fairer future for working people in Africa and around the world.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The oil market was down about 3 per cent on Monday after some vessels sailed through the critical Strait of Hormuz that has been largely shut down during the escalating war with Iran.
Iran has allowed some Indian vessels to sail through the Strait of Hormuz, sinking Brent futures by $2.93 or 2.8 per cent to $100.21 a barrel, as the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude drowned $5.21 or 5.3 per cent to settle at $93.50 per barrel.
The country also asked India to release three tankers seized in February as part of talks seeking the safe passage of Indian‑flagged or India‑bound vessels through the strait.
This was confirmed by the US with Treasury Secretary, Mr Scott Bessent, saying the US is fine with some Iranian, Indian and Chinese ships going through the Strait of Hormuz for now, adding that any action to mitigate higher prices would depend on how long the war lasts.
Meanwhile, allies rebuffed US President Donald Trump’s call for help in unblocking the strait. He said his administration has contacted roughly seven countries that rely heavily on Middle Eastern crude shipments and expects them to help secure the route.
The majority of crude moving through the strait ultimately heads to Asian markets, including China, India, Japan and South Korea.
According to the Associated Press, Chinese officials declined to directly address the request when asked during a daily briefing on Monday, instead reiterating their broader call for de-escalation in the region.
The Executive Director of the International Energy Information (EIA), Mr Fatih Birol, said on Monday that member countries could release more oil into the market from strategic stockpiles after they agreed to the largest-ever release of 400 million barrels last week.
The European Union (EU) foreign ministers are discussing on Monday the potential to move an already operational mission in the Middle East region to try to help unblock the Strait.
President Trump also threatened further strikes on Iran’s Kharg Island, which handles about 90 per cent of the country’s exports, after hitting military targets there that spurred further retaliation from Iran. On its part, Israel said it has detailed plans for at least three more weeks of war.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The federal government has launched the iDICE Startup Bridge, a structured two-track initiative that will offer idea-stage founders grants of up to N10 million and equity investment of $100,000 for startups that have already built and launched their Minimum Viable Product (MVP).
Launched in 2023 with $617.7 million in funding, iDICE was designed to promote investment in Nigeria’s digital and creative sectors. iDICE, implemented through the Bank of Industry and financed by the African Development Bank, Agence Française de Développement, and the Islamic Development Bank, iDICE Startup Bridge, operates under the broader Investment in Digital and Creative Enterprises (iDICE) program. It is part of efforts to drive Nigeria’s digital economy growth.
It made its first startup investment in late 2025 through Ventures Platform, one of Africa’s most active seed-stage venture capital firms.
The iDICE Startup Bridge is the government’s latest effort under the initiative to deepen early-stage startup support through structured training, mentorship, and access to capital.
The Founders Lab, the first pathway under the Startup Bridge, opened for applications on March 16 and will close on April 20. Selected beneficiaries will embark on a 12-week capacity-building programme designed for idea-stage and early prototype founders. The programme focuses on validation, business model development, and MVP creation through a structured curriculum delivered by expert facilitators.
Each year, 250 participants will receive capacity-building support and mentoring, with the top 100 founders who meet programme milestones receiving grants of up to N10 million to support product development or the launch of their ventures.
The Growth Lab, scheduled to launch in a later phase, will target post-MVP startups demonstrating traction, revenue potential, and operational readiness. Selected startups will receive $100,000 in equity investment, along with support to scale operations, strengthen governance, and refine their fundraising strategy.
The programme will also provide a direct pipeline to institutional investors to enable follow-on funding, while startups that secure additional investment from qualified external investors may access match funding.
Speaking on this, Ms Cindy Ezerioha, Head of Founders Lab, iDICE Startup Bridge, said, “Each cohort will support 125 aspiring entrepreneurs, with a clear target of ensuring progress from concept to validated business models. This programme is built for people with innovative ideas, early prototypes, or unanswered questions about how to take their first real step.”
According to Vice President Kashim Shettima and Chairman of the iDICE Steering Committee, “This programme, created under the iDICE umbrella, gives young entrepreneurs across the country a real opportunity to build or scale, and we are confident in its ability to reshape early-stage enterprise development and innovation outcomes over time.”
The Bank of Industry, the implementing agency, says it has disbursed N636 billion to enterprises across various sectors in Nigeria, its largest annual disbursement. Out of this figure, N43 billion was disbursed to projects in the creative & digital sectors.
“We are happy to replicate our success over time with the iDICE Startup Bridge as well,” said Mr Olasupo Olusi, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank of Industry.
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
A $4.2 billion gas deal aimed to power a fertiliser project in Ethiopia has been signed between Nigeria’s Dangote Industries Limited and China’s GCL Group.
The Chinese firm is expected to supply stable natural gas to Dangote Group’s upcoming 3‑million‑tonne‑per‑year urea fertiliser production complex in Ethiopia for 25 years.
The natural gas supplied by GCL will be sourced from the Calub Gas Field in Ethiopia’s Ogaden Basin and delivered via a dedicated 108‑kilometre pipeline directly to the Dangote fertiliser complex in Gode, Somali Region.
The initiative aligns with Africa’s broader objective of establishing an integrated energy‑to‑food value chain, leveraging local resources to drive industrial autonomy.
The fertiliser plant, valued at $2.5 billion, is being developed under a 60:40 equity structure between Dangote Group and Ethiopian Investment Holdings (EIH), respectively, and is scheduled to begin operations in 2029.
Once commissioned, it will become East Africa’s largest modern fertiliser production hub, fully meeting Ethiopia’s current urea import demand while supplying neighbouring regional markets.
The project is expected to significantly reshape East Africa’s fertiliser landscape, reducing reliance on imports and strengthening agricultural self‑sufficiency.
“Africa’s energy industry cannot continue indefinitely exporting raw materials while importing finished products. We must pursue a new path of highly autonomous development.
“Through seamless integration and strategic cooperation with GCL, we will achieve an efficient closed‑loop value chain from natural gas extraction to fertiliser production, taking a crucial step toward enabling Africa to secure greater autonomy over its food security,” Mr Aliko Dangote said at the signing ceremony in Lagos.
The Chairman of GCL Group, Mr Zhu Gongshan, also reaffirmed the company’s confidence in the partnership, noting that the agreement was made possible through the facilitation and support of the Ethiopian government.
“This cooperation will enable both sides to expand new frontiers in Ethiopia’s energy, chemical, and food security sectors while transitioning from a business going global model toward a mutually beneficial ecosystem‑based framework.
“Leveraging GCL’s integrated oil and gas operations in Ethiopia and Dangote Group’s extensive industrial footprint across Africa, the partnership will significantly enhance our service capabilities and market reach across the continent.”
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