Economy
High Imports in Q1 2021 Leave Nigeria With N3.9trn Trade Deficit
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
A significant increase in the value of imports in the first quarter of 2021 has left Nigeria with a trade deficit of N3.9 trillion.
A report released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) revealed that in the period under review, the country recorded a total merchandise trade of N9.8 trillion, 6.99% higher than the value recorded in Q4 of 2020 and 14.13 per cent higher than the figures in the same period of 2020.
The agency stated that the export component of this trade was N2.9 trillion, representing 29.79 per cent of the total trade, while the import aspect took N6.9 trillion, representing 70.21 per cent.
“The higher level of imports over exports resulted in a trade deficit (in goods) of N3.9 trillion,” the stats office said in its report.
It was further disclosed that crude oil export accounted for N1.9 trillion in Q1 of 2021, representing 66.38 per cent of the total export, while non–crude oil export accounted for 33.62 per cent of the total export.
According to the NBS, the value of total imports rose by 15.61 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 54.30 per cent compared to Q1 2020.
The value of imported agricultural products stood at 18.37 per cent higher than in Q4 2020 and 140.47 per cent higher year-on-year, while the value of raw material imports fell by 6.50 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 but increased by 109.29 per cent compared to Q1, 2020.
Also, the value of solid minerals imports was 36.97 per cent higher in Q1 2021 than in Q4 2020 and 59.26 per cent more than its value in Q1 2020, while the value of energy goods imports was 34.39 per cent in Q1 2021, higher than in Q4 2020 and 1,346.72 per cent higher than the value recorded in Q1 2020.
In addition, the value of imported manufactured goods grew by 18.47 per cent in Q1 2021 against the value recorded in Q4 2020 and 69.70 per cent against its value in Q1 2020, while the value of other oil products imported in Q1 2021 was 19.02 per cent more than its value in Q4 2020 but 15.76 per cent less than the corresponding quarter of 2020.
The major import trading partners of Nigeria in the period were China, accounting for 29.34 per cent, the Netherlands with 10.60 per cent, the United States with 8.88 per cent, India with 8.60 per cent and Belgium with 3.48 per cent.
On the exports side, the total value decreased by 8.99 per cent against the level recorded in Q4 2020 and 29.26 per cent compared to Q1,2020.
It was disclosed that the value of agricultural exports increased by 128.0 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 0.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the value of raw material goods exports in Q1 2021 was 9.0 per cent lower than the value in Q4 2020 and 6.7 per cent lower than the value recorded in Q1 2020, with the value of solid minerals exports increasing by 107.2 per cent in Q1 2021 against Q4 2020 and 481.7 per cent against the corresponding quarter in 2020.
Also, the exports of energy goods increased in value by 16.3 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 18.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the value of manufactured goods exports rose by 94.0 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 but decreased by 43.7 per cent compared to Q1 2020.
The agency further said the value of crude oil exports in Q1 2021 decreased by 23.5 per cent compared to Q4 2020 and 34.5 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the export value of other oil products increased by 25.5 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020, and rose marginally 0.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020.
Business Post observed that the major export trading partners of the country in the first three months of the year were India at 16.79 per cent, Spain at 9.88 per cent, China at 6.54 per cent, The Netherlands at 5.50 per cent and France at 4.59 per cent.
Economy
World Bank’s MIGA Targets $6.4bn Annual Guarantees for Africa
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), a World Bank financer, is ramping up efforts to unlock private capital for Africa, with plans to more than double its annual guarantee issuance on the continent to $6.4 billion over the next three and a half years.
The move is expected to catalyse as much as $23 billion in private sector investment across key sectors, including energy infrastructure, food security, trade finance, digital connectivity and sovereign debt restructuring.
The expansion underscores a growing shift among development finance institutions toward deploying guarantees as a primary tool for de-risking investments in frontier markets and attracting private capital flows into economies often viewed as high-risk.
MIGA’s Managing Director, Mr Tsutomu Yamamoto, said the scaled-up programme would play a critical role in mobilising investment, creating jobs and strengthening economic resilience across African countries.
He noted that the agency’s instruments, ranging from political risk insurance to credit enhancement, debt swaps and portfolio guarantees, are designed to reduce investor exposure and improve project bankability.
The guarantee push will continue to focus on strategic sectors such as power grids, local banking systems, agriculture and food supply chains, as well as digital infrastructure, all of which are seen as foundational to long-term economic growth across the continent.
Although the agency did not disclose specific projects in its pipeline, it said the expansion reflects rising demand for risk-sharing mechanisms in emerging markets, particularly as governments grapple with tight fiscal conditions and limited access to affordable financing.
The development follows a broader restructuring within the World Bank Group nearly two years ago, which consolidated guarantee operations to scale up private sector investment mobilisation globally.
MIGA has already played a role in pioneering debt swap transactions in the Ivory Coast and Angola, while also supporting food security initiatives in Kenya and backing more than 100 energy projects across emerging markets. Its guarantees have further underpinned lending operations in countries such as Ghana and Zambia, helping to stabilise financial systems and sustain credit flows.
The agency’s latest push reflects a wider evolution in development finance strategy, where guarantees are increasingly used to stretch limited public funds and crowd in private investors. By lowering perceived risks, these instruments make large-scale infrastructure and development projects more attractive to commercial financiers who would otherwise stay on the sidelines.
This shift is gaining urgency as many advanced economies scale back aid budgets while simultaneously seeking stronger economic ties and resource access in Africa.
In response, multilateral lenders are leaning more heavily on innovative financial tools like guarantees to bridge funding gaps and sustain development momentum.
MIGA’s broader ambition is to help lift the World Bank Group’s global guarantee issuance to $20 billion annually by 2030, positioning guarantees as a central pillar in financing sustainable development across emerging markets.
Economy
NASD Index Appreciates by 0.58% Amid Robust Turnover
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange further appreciated by 0.58 per cent on Tuesday, May 19, buoyed by strong investor appetite for unlisted securities.
Data from the bourse showed that the volume of securities traded during the session ballooned by 365,661.8 per cent to 1.9 billion units compared with the previous day’s 514,142 units, as the value of transactions surged by 30,433.9 per cent to N5.3 billion from the preceding session’s N17.4 million, and the number of deals increased by 22.2 per cent, as these trades were executed in 60 deals versus the 27 deals recorded a day earlier.
Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc ended the trading session as the most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis, with the sale of 3.4 billion units valued at N8.4 billion, followed by Infrastructure Credit Guarantee (Infracredit) Plc with 2.3 billion units transacted for N6.5 billion, and Central Securities and Clearing System (CSCS) Plc with 60.9 million units exchanged for N4.1 billion.
GNI Plc was also the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis, with 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, followed by Infracredit Plc with 2.3 billion units sold for N6.5 billion, and Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units traded for N415.7 million.
During the session, there were three price gainers and one price loser, led by Afriland Properties Plc, which went down by 5 Kobo to trade at N16.90 per share versus the previous day’s N16.95 per share.
But FrieslandCampina Wamco Plc appreciated by N12.45 to N151.79 per unit from N146.55 per unit, CSCS Plc expanded by 62 Kobo to N70.62 per share from N70.00 per share, and UBN Property Plc added 20 Kobo to close at N2.24 per unit versus N2.04 per unit.
At the close of business, the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) rose by 24.05 points to 4,157.75 points from 4,133.70 points, and the market capitalisation chalked up N14.39 billion to close at N2.487 trillion compared with Monday’s N2.473 trillion.
Economy
Naira Further Loses 17 Kobo at NAFEX
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Naira further depreciated against the United States Dollar in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) on Tuesday, May 19, by 17 Kobo or 0.01 per cent to trade at N1,373.87/$1 compared to the previous day’s N1,373.70/$1.
However, the domestic currency appreciated against the Pound Sterling in the same market window by 5 Kobo to close at N1,839.61/£1 versus Monday’s rate of N1,839.66/£1, and gained N5.97 against the Euro to settle at N1,594.52/€1, in contrast to the preceding session’s N1,600.49/€1.
Data from GTBank FX bench showed that the Naira appreciated against the US Dollar yesterday by N2 to sell at N1,381/$1 versus N1,383, and at the parallel market, it remained unchanged at N1,390/$1.
The outcome across the board came as Nigeria’s external reserves have shown signs of improvement in recent weeks, which may provide some support for FX market interventions by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and broader macroeconomic stability efforts.
Currency traders and investors are expected to continue monitoring CBN policy direction, foreign portfolio inflows, crude oil earnings, and external reserve performance as key indicators influencing the naira’s trajectory in the coming months.
The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting began on Tuesday with announcements of decisions expected later on Wednesday after inflation ticked up in April.
In the cryptocurrency market, major digital coins were down as traders focused on macro data, oil prices, and inflation, while the US Senate advanced a measure that could force President Donald Trump to seek congressional approval for the Iran war.
Ripple (XRP) went down by 1.3 per cent to $1.36, Dogecoin (DOGE) slid by 0.9 per cent to $0.1034, Cardano (ADA) dropped by 0.7 per cent to $0.2499, Ethereum (ETH) declined by 0.5 per cent to $2,124.02, Solana (SOL) depreciated by 0.5 per cent to $84.67, TRON (TRX) dipped by 0.4 per cent to $0.3551, and Binance Coin (BNB) slumped 0.1 per cent to $641.39.
On the flip side, Bitcoin (BTC) appreciated by 0.3 per cent to $77,114.20, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) remained unchanged at $1.00 each.
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