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Economy

High Imports in Q1 2021 Leave Nigeria With N3.9trn Trade Deficit

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trade deficit trade balance

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

A significant increase in the value of imports in the first quarter of 2021 has left Nigeria with a trade deficit of N3.9 trillion.

A report released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) revealed that in the period under review, the country recorded a total merchandise trade of N9.8 trillion, 6.99% higher than the value recorded in Q4 of 2020 and 14.13 per cent higher than the figures in the same period of 2020.

The agency stated that the export component of this trade was N2.9 trillion, representing 29.79 per cent of the total trade, while the import aspect took N6.9 trillion, representing 70.21 per cent.

“The higher level of imports over exports resulted in a trade deficit (in goods) of  N3.9 trillion,” the stats office said in its report.

It was further disclosed that crude oil export accounted for N1.9 trillion in Q1 of 2021, representing 66.38 per cent of the total export, while non–crude oil export accounted for 33.62 per cent of the total export.

According to the NBS, the value of total imports rose by 15.61 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 54.30 per cent compared to Q1 2020.

The value of imported agricultural products stood at 18.37 per cent higher than in Q4 2020 and 140.47 per cent higher year-on-year, while the value of raw material imports fell by 6.50 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 but increased by 109.29 per cent compared to Q1, 2020.

Also, the value of solid minerals imports was 36.97 per cent higher in Q1 2021 than in Q4 2020 and 59.26 per cent more than its value in Q1 2020, while the value of energy goods imports was 34.39 per cent in Q1 2021, higher than in Q4 2020 and 1,346.72 per cent higher than the value recorded in Q1 2020.

In addition, the value of imported manufactured goods grew by 18.47 per cent in Q1 2021 against the value recorded in Q4 2020 and 69.70 per cent against its value in Q1 2020, while the value of other oil products imported in Q1 2021 was 19.02 per cent more than its value in Q4 2020 but 15.76 per cent less than the corresponding quarter of 2020.

The major import trading partners of Nigeria in the period were China, accounting for 29.34 per cent, the Netherlands with 10.60 per cent, the United States with 8.88 per cent, India with 8.60 per cent and Belgium with 3.48 per cent.

On the exports side, the total value decreased by 8.99 per cent against the level recorded in Q4 2020 and 29.26 per cent compared to Q1,2020.

It was disclosed that the value of agricultural exports increased by 128.0 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 0.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the value of raw material goods exports in Q1 2021 was 9.0 per cent lower than the value in Q4 2020 and 6.7 per cent lower than the value recorded in Q1 2020, with the value of solid minerals exports increasing by 107.2 per cent in Q1 2021 against Q4 2020 and 481.7 per cent against the corresponding quarter in 2020.

Also, the exports of energy goods increased in value by 16.3 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 and 18.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the value of manufactured goods exports rose by 94.0 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020 but decreased by 43.7 per cent compared to Q1 2020.

The agency further said the value of crude oil exports in Q1 2021 decreased by 23.5 per cent compared to Q4 2020 and 34.5 per cent compared to Q1 2020, while the export value of other oil products increased by 25.5 per cent in Q1 2021 compared to Q4 2020, and rose marginally 0.1 per cent compared to Q1 2020.

Business Post observed that the major export trading partners of the country in the first three months of the year were India at 16.79 per cent, Spain at 9.88 per cent, China at 6.54 per cent, The Netherlands at 5.50 per cent and France at 4.59 per cent.

Aduragbemi Omiyale is a journalist with Business Post Nigeria, who has passion for news writing. In her leisure time, she loves to read.

Economy

Champion Breweries Posts N14.36bn Revenue in Q1 2026 After Group Structure Transition

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Champion Breweries

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

Champion Breweries Plc has released its first consolidated financial results as an expanded organisation following its recent strategic expansion.

The company transitioned to a group structure after the acquisition of an 80 per cent equity interest in enJOYbev BV, whose performance is now consolidated into the group accounts for the first time.

In the results for the first quarter of 2026 released to the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited, Champion Breweries posted a revenue of N14.36 billion, representing a strong increase compared to the prior year, driven by the consolidation of its newly acquired subsidiary.

Operating performance remained resilient, with operating profit rising to approximately N3.02 billion at the group level, reflecting continued discipline in cost management and operational efficiency.

Despite a softer consumer environment and lower volumes in the core domestic market, the company maintained a solid gross profit margin of 48 per cent, supported by improved cost efficiencies and disciplined commercial execution, underscoring the strength of its underlying business fundamentals.

This strategic expansion has already begun to contribute positively to earnings, with the subsidiary delivering operating profitability within the reporting period. While the company recorded a net loss at the standalone level, primarily driven by financing costs associated with its recent strategic investments, group-level profitability remained positive, with profit after tax of approximately N881 million, reflecting the early benefits of diversification and the strengthening of the brewer’s earnings base through its expanded portfolio.

Importantly, the firm continues to generate finance income from invested funds, reflecting prudent treasury management and supporting overall liquidity. This provides additional stability as the group advances its strategic initiatives.

Looking ahead, Champion Breweries says it remains confident in its outlook, noting that with the group structure now in place, improved earnings contributions from its expanded operations, and a clear focus on market execution, it expects a progressively stronger performance trajectory in the coming quarters.

Management reiterated its commitment to delivering sustainable value to shareholders, strengthening market positioning, and navigating prevailing economic conditions with discipline and resilience.

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Economy

CBN at 27.5% is Forcing a Major Reset in Forex Trading Strategies Across Nigeria

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HFM forex trading app

Nigeria’s trading environment has changed sharply since the Central Bank of Nigeria pushed rates to 27.5%, and the impact is being felt across the currency market. A rate that high does more than tighten financial conditions. It changes how traders read momentum, how they manage risk, and how they think about the naira against the dollar. Reuters reported that the CBN raised the policy rate to 27.50% in November 2024 after a string of hikes, and later kept it there as inflation and exchange rate pressures remained central concerns.

For anyone active in Nigeria’s currency space, forex trading now requires a very different mindset. What worked in a looser money environment does not always work when rates stay this high. Liquidity behaves differently, sentiment shifts faster, and market participants become much more sensitive to inflation data, policy guidance, and reserve trends. Reuters also reported that the CBN has tied its tight stance to the need to control inflation and stabilize the market, while reforms have improved reserves and confidence in the foreign exchange system.

Why a 27.5% rate changes the market mood

A rate this high affects more than borrowing costs. It resets expectations. Traders start looking at the naira through a different lens because such an aggressive stance tells the market that policymakers are serious about defending stability, even if growth conditions become tougher. In Lagos and Abuja, where many traders track both official policy signals and real market pricing, that shift has become impossible to ignore.

Higher rates reshape risk appetite

When rates rise to this level, speculative behavior often becomes more cautious. Some traders reduce position sizes. Others stop chasing moves and wait for stronger confirmation before entering. Why does that happen? Because a tight policy environment tends to punish weak conviction and reward discipline.

There is also a psychological effect. A market with a 27.5% policy rate feels heavier. It is like driving on a road where every turn demands more care than before. That change in mood forces traders to become more selective, especially in a country like Nigeria where inflation and currency sentiment still move together closely. Reuters said inflation eased after a statistical rebase, but the central bank still held rates high because broader pressure had not disappeared.

The naira story is no longer just about panic

Nigeria’s currency narrative has also become more layered. Earlier fears were largely about shortages and disorder, but now traders are also watching reforms, reserves, and policy credibility. Reuters reported that net foreign exchange reserves rose strongly in 2025 and that the CBN said clearer rules and reforms had reduced distortions and volatility.

That matters because strategy changes when the market starts trusting policy a little more. Traders can no longer rely only on the old playbook of assuming one direction and staying there.

How trading strategies are being reset

The biggest reset is in time horizon. In a market shaped by tight policy, many traders become less comfortable with broad, lazy positioning. They look for cleaner setups and faster reactions instead. A currency market under heavy policy influence often rewards timing more than stubborn conviction.

Shorter setups are becoming more practical

Many Nigeria focused traders now pay closer attention to event driven opportunities. Central bank comments, inflation releases, reserve updates, and reform announcements matter more than they used to. Reuters reported in March 2026 that the CBN eased some foreign exchange rules for oil companies to improve market liquidity and confidence, another sign that policy decisions are still actively shaping the currency landscape.

That makes short and medium term strategy more relevant. You might see a naira move that looks technical on the surface, but underneath it is often responding to policy changes, liquidity shifts, or fresh confidence in reserves. In Nigeria, the chart and the macro story now feel more connected than before.

Risk management matters more than prediction

This is where serious traders separate themselves from hopeful ones. A high rate environment does not just reward the right view. It rewards survival. Traders in Port Harcourt or Lagos who stay too attached to a single bias can get caught when policy or liquidity changes suddenly alter the mood.

I have seen markets like this before. They look calm until they do not. Then the move comes fast. That is why many traders are adjusting stop placement, reducing leverage, and focusing more on capital protection than on chasing every opportunity.

The reset, in other words, is not only strategic. It is behavioral.

Why Nigeria’s market may keep evolving

The CBN’s policy stance has already pushed traders to adapt, but the story is still developing. Reuters reported in April 2025 that the central bank sold nearly $200 million to support the naira after tariff related market shocks, showing that officials remain willing to act when volatility becomes disruptive. Reuters also reported this month that the naira had been relatively stable, supported by dollar liquidity from bond investments and exporter repatriations.

Stability can create a different kind of opportunity

A more orderly market does not mean fewer opportunities. It means different ones. Instead of trading pure panic, participants may increasingly trade around policy credibility, flow trends, and relative stability. For Nigeria, that could mark an important shift.

That is why the 27.5% rate matters so much. It has forced traders to stop relying on old assumptions and start working with a market that is slowly becoming more policy driven, more selective, and in some ways more professional.

Conclusion

The CBN’s 27.5% policy rate is forcing a major reset because it changes how traders approach risk, timing, and market structure in Nigeria. High rates, stronger reserves, and ongoing reforms have made the naira story more complex than it was before, and that means strategy has to evolve as well.

For traders in Nigeria, the message is clear. This is no longer a market where old habits are enough. Tight policy has raised the standard, and the traders who adjust their methods are more likely to stay effective as the next phase of the currency story unfolds.

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Economy

NASD Exchange Falls 0.22% After Investors Lose N4.8bn

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NASD securities exchange

By Adedapo Adesanya

The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange weakened by 0.22 per cent on Tuesday, April 28, with the market capitalisation down by N4.8 billion to N2.420 trillion from N2.425 trillion, and the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) down by 9.01 points to 4,044.96 points from 4,053.97 points.

During the session, the price of Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc went down by N1.82 to N767.05 per share from N78.87 per share, while FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc appreciated by N1.90 to N100.00 per unit from N98.10 per unit.

According to data, the value of trades increased by 265.7 per cent to N27.1 million from N7.4 million units, and the volume of transactions surged by 305.2 per cent to 1.3 million units from 319,831 units, while the number of deals decreased by 6.9 per cent to 27 deals from 29 deals.

Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc remained the most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis, with the sale of 3.4 billion units valued at N8.4 billion, followed by CSCS Plc with 59.8 million units exchanged for N4.0 billion, and Okitipupa Plc with 27.8 million units traded for N1.9 billion.

GNI Plc also finished as the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis, with a turnover of 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, trailed by Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units transacted for N415.7 million, and Infrastructure Guarantee Credit Plc with 400 million units sold for N1.2 billion.

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