Economy
How Rising Food Prices Pushed Inflation to 49-Month High of 18.17%
By Adedapo Adesanya
On Thursday, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) announced that inflation in Nigeria surged to a 49-month high as it rose to 18.17 per cent from 17.33 per cent recorded in February 2021.
The last time Nigeria recorded an inflation rate higher than 18.17 per cent was in January 2017, when headline inflation stood at 18.72 per cent.
In the report released by the NBS yesterday, the inflation numbers for last month were 0.82 per cent higher than the February figures.
On a month-on-month basis, the headline index increased by 1.56 per cent in March 2021, this is 0.02 per cent points higher than the rate recorded in February 2021 (1.54 per cent).
From the NBS report, it was clear that the inflation worsened last month as a result of rising food prices in the country and this can be attributed to insecurities in the country.
Why food prices are high
Many farmers have been unable to go to their farms because of fears of being killed or if lucky, just abducted with a huge amount of money paid for their freedom.
For those who managed to be on their farms, they have to pay levies to bandits for planting and harvesting and when the farm products are to be transported to the market, another huddle is there waiting for them.
Several transporters have complained bitterly of how they pay to security officials who mount roadblocks and in some cases, there is the fear of being kidnapped by hoodlums on the road.
By the time the products get to market, all these costs are factored into them while the sellers will have to pass on the extra cost on the consumer, leaving the prices very high for most consumers to purchase because of the harsh economic situation in the country.
Food index figures
According to the stats office on Thursday, last month, the country’s food inflation jumped to 22.95 per cent from 21.79 per cent recorded in the previous month.
On a month-on-month basis, the food sub-index increased by 1.9 per cent in March 2021, up by 0.01 per cent points from 1.89 per cent recorded in February 2021.
The stats office explained in the report that the rise in the food index was caused by increases in prices of bread and cereals, potatoes, yam, and other tubers, meat, vegetables, fish, oils and fats, and fruits.
Also, the average annual rate of change of the food sub-index for the 12-month period ending March 2021 over the previous 12-month average was 17.93 per cent representing 0.68 per cent points from the average annual rate of change recorded in February 2021 (17.25 per cent).
Meanwhile, the urban inflation rate rose to 18.76 per cent (year-on-year) in March 2021 from 17.92 per cent recorded in February 2021, while the rural inflation rate jumped to 17.6 per cent in March 2021 from 16.77 per cent in February 2021.
The ”All items less farm produce” or core inflation, which excludes the prices of volatile agricultural produce rose to 12.67 per cent in March 2021, up by 0.29 per cent when compared with 12.38 per cent recorded in the preceding month.
On a month-on-month basis, the core sub-index increased by 1.06 per cent in the period under review. This was down by 0.15 per cent when compared with 1.21 per cent recorded in February 2021.
The average 12-month annual rate of change of the index was 10.01 per cent for the 12-month period ending March 2021; this is 0.76 per cent points lower than the 10.77 per cent recorded in February 2021.
NBS revealed that the highest increases were recorded in prices of passenger transport by air, medical services, miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling, passenger transport by road, hospital services, passenger transport by road.
Others were pharmaceutical products, paramedical services, vehicle spare parts, dental services, motor cars, maintenance and repair of personal transport equipment, and hairdressing salons and personal grooming establishment.
Kogi State recorded the highest inflation rate by states in March 2021 with a rise of 24.51 per cent while Cross River (14.45 per cent) recorded the slowest rise in headline year-on-year inflation.
The Yahaya Bello governed state also recorded the highest in terms of food inflation, on a year on year basis at 29.71 per cent while Bauchi State (18.61 per cent) recorded the slowest rise .in year on year inflation.
Analysts have noted that Nigerians will now have to battle with a worsening purchasing power as prices of goods and services continue to rise, meaning more poverty and an increased economic downturn.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange closed flat on Wednesday, April 16, as the market capitalisation remained unchanged at N1.915 trillion as well as the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) at 3,271.02 points.
At the trading session, there was no price gainer or decliner.
The bourse’s data showed a decrease of 95.0 per cent in the volume of securities transacted to 36,757 units from the 736,215 units recorded in the previous trading day, the value of transactions slid by 83.6 per cent to N1.99 million from N12.1 million transacted on Tuesday, and the number of deals fell by 19.2 per cent to 21 deals from the 26 deals recorded a day earlier.
Impresit Bakolori Plc remained the most active stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with 533.9 million units worth N520.9 million, trailed by Okitipupa Plc with 153.6 million units sold for N4.9 billion, and Industrial and General Insurance (IGI) Plc with 71.2 million units valued at N24.2 million.
Also, Okitipupa Plc remained the most active stock by value on a year-to-date basis with 153.6 million units valued at N4.9 billion, followed by FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc with the sale of 14.7 million units worth N568.1 million, and Impresit Bakolori Plc with a turnover of 533.9 million units sold for N520.9 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Naira witnessed a N1.76 or 0.11 per cent depreciation on the US Dollar at the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEM) on Wednesday, April 16.
During the trading session, the local currency was exchanged with the greenback at N1,603.16/$1, in contrast to the N1,601.40/$1 it was traded a day earlier, according to data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
Also, the Nigerian currency weakened against the British Pound Sterling in the official market yesterday by N6.71 to quote at N2,121.97/£1 compared with the previous day’s value of N2,115.26/£1 and tumbled against the Euro by N9.28 to sell for N1,818.17/€1 versus Tuesday’s exchange rate of N1,808.89/€1.
In the parallel market, the Naira lost N5 against the Dollar to finish at N1,620/$1 compared with the preceding day’s N1,615/$1.
The pressure on the domestic currency came as the central bank sold over $30.00 million at rates between N1,590.00/$ and N1,601.50/$ this week to authorised forex dealers.
At the cryptocurrency market, things turned bullish as the US Federal Reserve Chairman, Mr Jerome Powell, dashed hopes for early rate cuts, citing the need to assess the impact of US tariffs on the global economy.
The Federal Reserve chair also mentioned that the US central bank needed more time to see the effects of tariffs play out in the global economy. The same is likely to be true of the economic effects, which will include higher inflation and slower growth.
Market analysts noted that the remarks disappointed rate cuts optimist by stressing focus on protecting against tariff-driven price hikes from driving a long-term rise in inflation expectations.
Solana (SOL) jumped by 7.2 per cent to trade at $134.28, Cardano (ADA) added 2.8 per cent to close at $0.6209, Dogecoin (DOGE) appreciated by 2.5 per cent to $0.1570, Ethereum (ETH) rose by 2.1 per cent to $1,602.70, Ripple (XRP) gained 1.9 per cent to close at $2.09, Bitcoin (BTC) increased by 1.5 per cent to $84,749.46, and Binance Coin (BNB) went up by 0.7 per cent to $583.08.
But Litecoin (LTC) declined by 0.7 per cent to finish at $75.38, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) remained unchanged at $1.00 each.
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
The further reduction in the price of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), commonly known as petrol, from N865 to N835, effective from Wednesday, April 16, 2025, by Dangote Petroleum Refinery has been applauded by Nigerians.
The price slash was the second by the company in a week and it was in reaction to the decline in the price of crude oil in the global market due to the trade war between the United States and China.
In a statement yesterday by the Group Chief Branding and Communications Officer of Dangote Group, Mr Anthony Chiejina, it was stated that key partners, including MRS, AP (Ardova), Heyden, Optima Energy, Hyde and Techno Oil, will sell petrol to customers at N890 per litre, down from N920 in Lagos, while in the other South-West states, the price will be N900 per litre versus the previous N930.
In addition, Nigerians living in the North-West and North-Central will get the high-quality Dangote petrol at N910 per litre compared with the former price of N940, and those in the South-East, South-South, and North-East will buy at N920 per litre, down from N950 per litre.
Dangote expressed hopes that this latest reduction in PMS prices would generate a positive ripple effect throughout various sectors of the economy, providing much-needed relief to consumers and contributing to broader economic growth, particularly during the Easter season.
It stated that the slash in price reaffirmed its “commitment to providing high-quality petrol at affordable rates, benefiting consumers across the nation. In addition, we are working collaboratively with our partners to ensure equitable reflection of this price reduction.”
Dangote Petroleum Refinery has consistently worked to reduce the prices of petrol and other refined petroleum products, ensuring the continued benefit of Nigerian consumers.
For example, in February, the refinery reduced prices twice by N125. In addition, products such as diesel and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) have also experienced significant price reductions due to the refinery’s sustained efforts.
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