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Nigeria’s Economic Environment Still Tough—IMF

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By Dipo Olowookere

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has disclosed that economic environment in Nigeria is still very challenging “despite some signs of relief in the first half of 2017.”

The global financial institution made this disclosure at the conclusion of its visit to the West Africa’s biggest economy, which fell into recession last year.

From Thursday, July 20, 2017 to Monday, July 31, 2017, the IMF team led by its Senior Resident Representative and Mission Chief for Nigeria, Mr Amine Mati, “held productive discussions with senior government and central bank officials.”

During the visit, the team also met with members of parliament, representatives of the banking system, private sectors, civil society, and international development partners.

Mr Mati, while commenting on outcome of the visit, emphasised that the country’s “economic backdrop remains challenging, despite some signs of relief in the first half of 2017.”

According to him, “Economic activity contracted in the first quarter of the year by 0.6 percent, mainly as maintenance stoppages reduced oil production.”

However, following four quarters of negative growth, the non-oil economy grew by 0.6 percent (year-on-year), on the back of a rebound in manufacturing and continued strong performance in agriculture.

He said various indicators suggest an uptick in activity in the second quarter of the year. Helped by favourable base effects, headline inflation decreased to 16.1 percent in June 2017, but remains high despite tight liquidity conditions.

The IMF senior executive noted that, “Preliminary data for the first half of the year indicate significant revenue shortfalls, with the interest-payments to revenue ratio remaining high (40 percent at end-June) and projected to increase further under current policies.”

According to him, “High domestic bond yields and tight liquidity continue to crowd out private sector credit.”

“Given Nigeria’s low growth environment and the banking system’s exposure to the oil and gas sector, non-performing loans increased from 6 percent in 2015 to 15 percent in March 2017 (8 percent after excluding the four undercapitalized banks),” he said.

Mr Mati pointed out that, “Faced with these challenges, the government has started implementing a number of important measures.”

He described the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP) as driving the diversification strategy, and security in the Niger Delta improved through strengthened engagement.

“The new Investor and Exporter FX window has provided impetus to portfolio inflows, helped increase reserves above $30 billion, and contributed to reducing the parallel market premium.

“Important steps have also been taken in implementing the power sector recovery plan, introducing a voluntary income and asset declaration program and moving forward the 60-day national action plan to improve the business environment. Progress is also ongoing within the oil and energy sector through implementation of a new funding mechanism for cash calls,” he observed.

“However, near-term vulnerabilities and risks to economic recovery and macroeconomic and financial stability remain elevated.

“At 0.8 percent, growth in 2017 will not be sufficient to make a dent in reducing unemployment and poverty.

“Concerns about delays in policy implementation, a reversal of favourable external market conditions, possible shortfalls in agricultural and oil production, additional fiscal pressures, continued market segmentation in a foreign exchange market that remains dependent on central bank interventions, and banking system fragilities represent the main risks to the outlook.

“Acting on an appropriate and coherent set of policies to enhance an economic recovery remains urgent. This includes implementing immediately specific priorities that will help achieve the goals of the ERGP.

“In the near term, a stronger push for front-loaded fiscal consolidation through a sustainable increase in non-oil revenues would be needed to create space for infrastructure spending, social protection, and private sector credit.

“This should be simultaneously accompanied by a monetary policy that avoids direct financing of the government and is kept sufficiently tight, a unified and market-based exchange rate, and rapid implementation of structural reforms.

Pursuing these policies would help reduce macroeconomic vulnerabilities and create an environment for a diversified private-sector led economy,” Mr Mati said.

Concluding, he thanked the Nigerian authorities and “all those with whom they met for the productive discussions, excellent cooperation, and warm hospitality.”

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Economy

SEC Advances Fintech Innovation With Seven New ARIP Approvals

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has cleared seven new fintech and digital asset firms for admission into its Accelerated Regulatory Incubation Programme (ARIP), granting them Approval-in-Principle (AIP) to operate within the programme’s regulatory sandbox as part of efforts to promote innovation while protecting investors.

The commission said the move reinforces its commitment to fostering responsible innovation that deepens Nigeria’s capital market without compromising market integrity.

The seven firms set for admission into the programme are Bitbarter Technologies Limited, Luno Fintech Nigeria Limited, GetEquity Limited, Koinkoin Global Network Limited, Wrapped CBDC Ltd, Trovotech Ltd and Blockvault Custodian Ltd.

According to the SEC, the Approval-in-Principle permits the firms to operate within the defined scope of the programme, subject to conditions stipulated by the Commission.

It clarified that the approval is not a final operating licence but confirms that each entity has satisfied the admission requirements for ARIP.

“An Approval-in-Principle confirms that an entity has satisfied the Commission’s admission requirements for the Programme. It is not a final licence and remains conditional on the entity’s continued compliance with all applicable regulatory, operational, and supervisory obligations,” the Commission stated.

The ARIP is a controlled regulatory environment established by the SEC to accelerate the onboarding of digital asset and other investment service providers, including Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) and tokenised product platforms.

The programme enables the Commission to evaluate emerging business models and financial technologies under regulatory supervision before they are offered to the investing public.

According to the commission, the initiative is designed to ensure that adequate safeguards are in place to protect investors while preserving the integrity of Nigeria’s capital market.

The SEC reiterated its commitment to supporting innovation that enhances efficiency, transparency, financial inclusion and sustainable growth in the capital market through initiatives such as ARIP.

It also urged members of the public to verify the regulatory status of individuals or organisations promoting investment products or services through its official channels before committing funds.

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Economy

FG Denies IMF Allegation of 2% GDP Off-Budget Expenditure

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The Nigerian government has dismissed claims by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that it spent about two per cent of Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) outside the approved budget.

The widely reported claim was made by the IMF’s Resident Representative in Nigeria, Mr Christian Ebeke, last week. He alleged that the country failed to record public spending equivalent to about two per cent of its GDP in recent official budgets, amounting to about N8 trillion.

But in a statement issued on Sunday, the Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, said the federal government does not operate a “shadow budget” or spend public funds outside the constitutional and statutory framework governing public finance, and described the reports as a misrepresentation of Mr Ebeke’s comments.

He explained that sections 80–83 and 162 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended) provide that public funds can only be withdrawn and spent in accordance with the Constitution and laws enacted by the National Assembly.

According to him, all FG spending is backed by duly enacted Appropriation Acts, Supplementary Appropriation Acts or other statutory authorisations approved by the National Assembly.

Mr Oyedele added that multi-year capital projects, which span several budget cycles, are implemented in line with existing laws and approved capital rollover provisions where applicable.

“These are recognised features of public financial management and should not be misconstrued as expenditures outside the budget,” he said.

He described as inaccurate suggestions that trillions of naira were secretly spent without legislative approval, arguing that such allegations should identify the specific projects allegedly executed without appropriation or legal authority and provide credible evidence to support the claims.

“To be meaningful, assertions of this magnitude must be supported by verifiable facts rather than conjecture.

“For the purpose of public education, it is important to distinguish between appropriation, expenditure authorisation, financing and fiscal reporting,” he added.

Mr Oyedele said Nigeria’s public finance framework includes several statutory transfers, first-line charges and intervention mechanisms established by Acts of the National Assembly.

These, he said, include statutory allocations to development commissions and other agencies created by law, cost of collection and administration retained by designated revenue-collecting agencies, capital expenditure approved under separate budgets for some agencies and the Federal Capital Territory, special interventions for national priorities such as security, infrastructure and disaster response, as well as debt service obligations and other statutory transfers.

The minister maintained that the expenditures are neither secret nor illegal, stressing that they are established by law, disclosed in official fiscal reports and subject to oversight, audit and accountability mechanisms.

“Their treatment for reporting purposes may differ from their presentation in the annual Appropriation Act, particularly under international statistical and reporting standards adopted by the Federal Government. Such classification differences should not be misrepresented as evidence of unlawful expenditure,” he said.

Mr Oyedele also rejected claims that the reported amount represented an increase in Nigeria’s budget deficit.

“A fiscal deficit is determined by the relationship between total government revenues and total government expenditures. Whether a capital project is financed through annual appropriations, supplementary appropriations, statutory transfers, approved intervention mechanisms, or other lawful financing arrangements does not, by itself, increase the fiscal deficit,” he said.

He further explained that the IMF’s observation related primarily to the comprehensiveness, timing and presentation of Nigeria’s fiscal reporting rather than the legality of government expenditure.

According to him, Nigeria, like many other countries, is working to improve the alignment between its budget presentation and international fiscal reporting standards as part of ongoing public financial management reforms.

Mr Oyedele recalled that President Bola Tinubu had, during the presentation of the 2026 Appropriation Bill to a joint session of the National Assembly on December 19, 2025, urged lawmakers to end the practice of operating multiple and overlapping budgets and instead adopt a single, harmonised budget framework.

He said the federal government remains committed to prudent fiscal management, transparency and accountability, adding that recent reforms have strengthened budget credibility, revenue administration, treasury management and the digitalisation of government financial processes.

According to him, these reforms have been acknowledged by the IMF, other multilateral institutions, international credit rating agencies, investors and major global media organisations.

While describing public debate as essential in a democracy, Mr Oyedele urged commentators to base their arguments on facts and a proper understanding of Nigeria’s constitutional and fiscal framework.

“Mischaracterising technical observations as evidence of unlawful expenditure neither advances informed public discourse nor strengthens democratic accountability,” he said.

He added that the federal government would continue to uphold the rule of law, ensure transparency in the management of public resources and work with the National Assembly, oversight institutions, development partners and Nigerians to further strengthen fiscal governance in line with international best practices

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Economy

Ahimie to Position CIS as Key Contributor to Capital Market, National Economy

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Fiona Ahimie

By Dipo Olowookere

The 14th president and chairman of the council of the Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers (CIS), Ms Fiona Ahimie, has promised to position the organisation as a leading professional body contributing meaningfully to the growth and development of the Nigerian capital market and the national economy.

She made this commitment during her swearing-in ceremony on Thursday, June 25, 2026, as the first female leader of the 34-year-old institute.

Ms Ahimie also pledged to strengthen professional excellence, deepen stakeholder engagement, expand financial literacy, promote youth and women’s development, and drive innovation and digital transformation.

The event, which was attended by several capital market stakeholders, was also used as a send-off ceremony for Ms Ahimie’s predecessor, Mr Oluropo Samuel Dada, in recognition of his exemplary leadership and dedicated service to the organisation over the past two years.

Present were Nigeria’s Vice President, Mr Kashim Shettima, represented by the Special Adviser to the President on Economic Affairs, Mr Tope Fasua; the Minister of Women Affairs & Social Development, Ms Imaan Sulaiman-Ibrahim; the Governor of Ekiti State, Mr Biodun Abayomi Oyebanji; the Governor of Lagos State, Mr Babajide Sanwo-Olu, represented by the Commissioner for Finance, Mr Abayomi Oluyomi; the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Mr Olayemi Cardoso, represented by the Director of Financial Policy & Regulations at the CBN, Ms Rita Ijeoma Sike; the Director-General of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Mr Emomotimi Agama; the Chairman of First Holdco, Mr Femi Otedola, represented by the chief executive First Holdco, Mr Adebowale Oyedeji; the former DG of the Nigerian Exchange (NGX), formerly known as the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), Ms Ndi Okereke-Onyiuke; and the chairman of NGX Group, Mr Umaru Kwairanga, amongst others.

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