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Economy

NIN/BVN for Tier-1 Accounts, Imperative to Combat Fraudulent Activities

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BVN NIN Tier-1 accounts

When the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in December 2023, mandated the linkage of Bank Verification Numbers (BVN) and National Identification Numbers (NIN) across all tiers of accounts in Nigeria, this brought a wave of panic amongst customers who had run their accounts without BVN or NIN.

The apex bank in a circular, signed by the Director of Payment System Management Department at the CBN, Mr Chibuzo Efobi and the Director of Financial Policy and Regulations Department, Mr Haruna Mustapha, to all commercial, merchant, non-interest and payment service banks, other financial institutions and mobile money operators, stated that all individual existing and new tier 1, 2 and 3 accounts/wallets must have BVN or NIN.

Mustapha noted that the mandate was part of the apex bank’s effort in promoting financial system stability which has led to its amendment of Section 1.5.3 of the Regulatory Framework for BVN Operations and Watch-List for the Nigerian Banking Industry (Guidelines).

The CBN’s circular also specified that existing unfunded individual Tier 1 accounts without BVN or NIN would be placed on “Post No Debit or Credit” immediately.

“For all existing Tier 1 accounts/wallets without BVN or NIN: Effective immediately, any unfunded account/wallet shall be placed on ‘Post No Debit or Credit’ until the new process is satisfied.

Effective March 1, 2024, all funded accounts or wallets shall be placed on ‘Post No Debit or Credit’ and no further transactions permitted. The BVN or NIN attached to and/or associated with all accounts/wallets must be electronically revalidated by January 31, 2024”, the circular read.

It further said that to ensure uniform and full compliance, the executive compliance officers, chief compliance officers or heads of the compliance functions are advised to acquaint themselves with the attached guidance notes which become applicable to all institutions regulated by the CBN.

Sources noted that the matter was being treated as a “national security issue”, adding that banks caught operating accounts without BVN or NIN after the expiration of the deadline “shall be severely dealt with”.

Investigations further reveal that Nigerians have begun to besiege commercial banks and the National Identity Management offices as a result of the directive.

A look into the legal framework underpinning the policy indicates that the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) Act 2007 established the NIMC and mandated the creation of a National Identity Database (NID) containing unique NINs assigned to Nigerian citizens and legal residents.

The Mandatory Use of the National Identification Number Regulation, 2017, further stipulates that NINs be used for various transactions, including employment, access to social intervention programs, and opening bank accounts whereas the CBN’s policy builds upon this existing legal framework, aiming to enhance financial security and inclusion by mandating the inclusion of identity documentation across all segments of the banking system.

However, industry records reveal that NIMC has registered just over 100 million Nigerians whilst the latest data from the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) as of October 9, 2023, revealed that there were 59 million (58,999,262) accounts with BVN. It is there expected that the regularisation of accounts without BVN or NIN can be achieved within the deadline given the progress that’s already been recorded on both fronts.

Looking deeper into this development, this policy provides a big boost in reducing identity theft, and fraudulent activities and prevents unauthorised access to an individual’s account.

Battle against money laundering

At the Financial Action Task Force plenary held late October in Paris, France, Nigeria failed to scale a review of Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Risk conducted by the global financial intelligence agency.

The global agency faulted Nigeria’s anti-money laundering war, which had landed the country on the international grey list in February alongside South Africa, and 20 other countries.

Although the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit said it had been working to meet the FATF recommendations on money laundering and terrorism financing, it did not scale the review carried out by the FATF at its last plenary.

Countries on the FATF grey list have been identified as having strategic deficiencies in their anti-money laundering, terrorist financing, and proliferation financing regimes. According to KPMG, the implications for the greylisting of two of the biggest economies in Africa may be far-reaching.

Concerning Nigeria, KPMG said that “FATF noted that although Nigeria had made some progress since the adoption of its Mutual Evaluation Report in August 2021 it is required to implement FATF’s action plans. This FATF greylisting adds another layer of risk and complexity to businesses that already perceive Nigeria as a high-risk country for anti-corruption and other financial crime risks. This may put businesses with connections to Nigeria under more regulatory scrutiny, as regulators may expect them to implement more stringent AML/CFT compliance measures to mitigate the risks associated with greylisting.”

Also, the greylisting may result in higher compliance costs and increased due diligence requirements for businesses, making transactions with Nigerian counterparties more difficult. A key component of the anti-money laundering requirement of FATF is Know Your Customer (KYC), which helps financial institutions verify the identity of new and existing customers.

Hence, this directive by the CBN is a tool to get Nigeria off the grey list and strengthen its battle against money laundering in Nigeria.

Enhancing financial inclusion and financial security

So far, Nigeria has brought more of its citizens into the financial system but remains far from its goal of getting 95 per cent of the population fully banked this year 2024. According to EFInA, a UK government-backed firm, the percentage of adult Nigerians with formal financial services- including bank accounts, insurance and mobile money- rose to 64 per cent in 2023 from 56 per cent recorded in 2020. But just about 52 per cent have a bank account and more comprehensive adoption is hampered by widespread poverty in the country. This directive offers a much broader sense of increasing the number of financially included people especially if it is very much strictly implemented. Once this is achieved, scammers who previously relied on stolen information to conduct fraudulent transactions will face a bigger challenge.

Boost economic growth and improve revenue generation

Apart from prevention and financial inclusion, this directive is expected to unlock new markets, drive entrepreneurship, and boost the creation of jobs. Similarly, with an accurate identification technique, tax evasion by individuals and companies becomes significantly harder. This can lead to increased government revenue and improved public services, benefiting all Nigerians.

Conclusion

The truth is that very few policies go through successful implementation in Nigeria, the onus is now on the CBN to revolutionize the country’s financial sector through financial security, empowering Nigerians, and stimulating economic growth through its latest directive. Although January 31, 2024, looks like a long period, the CBN & NIMC should do everything humanly possible to adeptly navigate potential pitfalls, unlocking the brighter future promised by this ambitious initiative.

Economy

5 Secrets to Unlocking Business Success in Nigeria

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business success UFA Bet

Nigeria’s business environment continues to evolve rapidly, presenting both opportunities and challenges for entrepreneurs. In recent years, digital transformation has become a cornerstone for growth, with businesses across various sectors embracing new technologies to remain competitive. For those looking to thrive in this dynamic landscape, understanding market trends and leveraging innovative strategies is crucial.

Whether it’s a startup or an established enterprise, success often hinges on adaptability, strategic planning, and the ability to seize emerging opportunities. Even in sectors like entertainment and sports, where trends shift quickly, businesses must stay agile to maintain relevance. For instance, some entrepreneurs are exploring new revenue streams such as online platforms, including activities like แทงบอล ufabet, which have gained popularity due to their accessibility and appeal to a broad audience.​

The Nigerian Business Landscape in 2025

The Nigerian business landscape in 2025 is marked by rapid technological adoption, increased competition, and a growing demand for digital solutions. Sectors such as fintech, e-commerce, and digital marketing have seen significant growth, driven by a young, tech-savvy population. Entrepreneurs are now leveraging digital tools to streamline operations, reach wider audiences, and improve customer engagement. The government’s push for economic diversification has also created new opportunities in agriculture, manufacturing, and renewable energy. However, businesses must navigate challenges such as regulatory hurdles, infrastructure gaps, and fluctuating market conditions. Despite these obstacles, the resilience and creativity of Nigerian entrepreneurs continue to drive innovation and growth.​

Why Strategic Planning is Essential

Strategic planning is the foundation of any successful business. It involves setting clear goals, identifying resources, and developing actionable steps to achieve objectives. In Nigeria’s competitive market, businesses that invest time in strategic planning are better equipped to anticipate challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and adapt to changing circumstances. Effective planning also helps businesses allocate resources efficiently, minimize risks, and maximize returns. Entrepreneurs should regularly review and update their strategies to stay aligned with market trends and customer needs. By doing so, they can maintain a competitive edge and position their businesses for long-term success.​

Leveraging Digital Tools for Growth

Digital tools have revolutionized the way businesses operate in Nigeria. From cloud-based software to social media platforms, these tools enable businesses to automate processes, enhance communication, and reach a global audience. For example, e-commerce platforms allow businesses to sell products online, while digital marketing tools help them target specific customer segments and measure campaign effectiveness. Additionally, mobile payment solutions have made transactions faster and more secure, improving customer satisfaction. By embracing digital transformation, businesses can increase efficiency, reduce costs, and expand their market reach.​

Building a Strong Team Culture

A strong team culture is vital for business success. It fosters collaboration, boosts morale, and drives innovation. Nigerian entrepreneurs should prioritize creating a positive work environment where employees feel valued and motivated. This can be achieved by promoting open communication, recognizing achievements, and providing opportunities for professional development. A cohesive team is more likely to overcome challenges, generate creative solutions, and contribute to the overall growth of the business. Investing in team-building activities and leadership training can further strengthen the organizational culture.​

Overcoming Common Challenges

Nigerian businesses face a range of challenges, including access to finance, regulatory compliance, and competition. Access to capital remains a major hurdle for many entrepreneurs, particularly startups and small businesses. Regulatory compliance can also be complex and time-consuming, requiring businesses to stay informed about changing laws and policies. Additionally, intense competition in key sectors can make it difficult for businesses to differentiate themselves. To overcome these challenges, entrepreneurs should seek support from government agencies, industry associations, and financial institutions. Building strong networks and partnerships can also provide valuable resources and guidance.​

Adapting to Market Trends

Adapting to market trends is essential for staying relevant in Nigeria’s fast-paced business environment. Entrepreneurs must stay informed about emerging trends, consumer preferences, and technological advancements. This can be achieved by conducting market research, attending industry events, and monitoring competitor activities. By anticipating changes and responding proactively, businesses can seize new opportunities and mitigate potential risks. For example, the growing demand for sustainable products and services presents opportunities for businesses to innovate and differentiate themselves.​

Importance of Financial Management

Effective financial management is critical for business sustainability and growth. It involves budgeting, cash flow management, and financial reporting. Nigerian entrepreneurs should prioritize financial literacy and seek professional advice when needed. Proper financial management enables businesses to track performance, make informed decisions, and secure funding. It also helps businesses comply with regulatory requirements and build trust with stakeholders. By maintaining sound financial practices, entrepreneurs can ensure the long-term viability of their businesses.​

Future Outlook for Nigerian Entrepreneurs

The future outlook for Nigerian entrepreneurs is promising, with continued growth expected in key sectors such as technology, agriculture, and renewable energy. The government’s focus on economic diversification and infrastructure development is likely to create new opportunities for businesses. Additionally, the rise of digital platforms and e-commerce is expected to drive innovation and expand market reach. Entrepreneurs who embrace change, invest in digital transformation, and prioritize strategic planning are well-positioned to succeed in Nigeria’s evolving business landscape.

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Economy

FG, States, LGs Share N1.928trn From November 2025 Revenue

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FAAC disburses

By Adedapo Adesanya

The federal government, states and the Local Government Councils have received a sum of N1.928 trillion from the revenue generated in November 2025 by the federation.

According to a statement by the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC), the earnings were shared at the December 2025 FAAC meeting held in Abuja, where the total distributable revenue comprised statutory revenue of N1.403 trillion, Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue of N485.838 billion, and Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) revenue of N39.646 billion.

It was disclosed that total gross revenue of N2.343 trillion was available in the month of November 2025, with N84.251 billion deducted for cost of collection and N330.625 billion for total transfers, interventions, refunds and savings.

FAAC stated that gross statutory revenue of N1.736 trillion was received for the month of November 2025, lower than the N2.164 trillion received in the month of October 2025 by N427.969 billion.

Gross revenue of N563. 042 billion was available from VAT in November 2025, lower than the N719.827 billion available in the month of October 2025 by N156.785 billion.

In November 2025, Excise Duty increased moderately while Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), Hydrocarbon Tax (HT), CIT on Upstream Activities, Companies Income Tax (CIT), CGT and SDT, Oil & Gas Royalties, Import Duty, CET Levies, Value Added Tax (VAT), Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) and Fees recorded substantial decreases.

From the N1.928 trillion total distributable revenue, the federal government got N747.159 billion, the state governments received N601.731 billion, and the local councils shared N445.266 billion, while N134.355 billion was given to benefiting states as 13 per cent of mineral derivation.

On the N1.403 trillion distributable statutory revenue, the national government received N668.336 billion, the 36 states got N338.989 billion, and the LGAs received N261.346 billion, and N134.355 billion shared as 13 per cent of mineral revenue.

In addition, from the N485.838 billion distributable VAT revenue, the central government got N72.876 billion, the state governments shared N242.919 billion, and the local councils shared N170.043 billion.

Further, N5.947 billion was taken by the federal government from the N39.646 billion EMTL, the states shared N19.823 billion, and the councils received N13.876 billion.

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Economy

Golden Capital, FrieslandCampina Trigger 0.04% Loss at NASD OTC Exchange

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Golden Capital

By Adedapo Adesanya

The duo of Golden Capital Plc and FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc weakened the NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange by 0.04 per cent on Monday, December 15.

This pulled down the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) by 1.37 points to 3,599.06 points from last Friday’s 3,600.43 points and the market capitalisation lost N820 million to close at N2.153 billion compared with the preceding session’s N2.154 trillion.

Golden Capital Plc depleted by 94 Kobo to end at N8.51 per share compared with N9.45 per share and FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc depreciated by 63 Kobo to sell at N59.60 per unit versus N60.23 per unit.

During the session, the volume of securities traded at the session slumped by 98.4 per cent to 600,402 units from 37.4 million units, the value of securities fell by 99.8 per cent to N7.8 million from N4.9 billion, and the number of deals shed 36.4 per cent to 21 deals from 33 deals.

At the close of trades, Infrastructure Credit Guarantee Company (InfraCredit) Plc remained the most traded stock by value with a year-to-date sale of 5.8 billion units valued at N16.4 billion, followed by Okitipupa Plc with 178.9 million units transacted for N9.5 billion, and MRS Oil Plc with 36.1 million units worth N4.9 billion.

InfraCredit Plc was also the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with 5.8 billion units worth N16.4 billion, trailed by Industrial and General Insurance (IGI) Plc with the sale of 1.2 billion units for N420.3 million, and Impresit Bakolori Plc with 537.0 million units traded for N524.9 million.

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