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Economy

Over N2 Trillion Cash in Circulation—CBN

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Total Currency-in-Circulation (CIC) rose by 0.8 percent to N2.3 trillion as at the end of December 2018 according to the 2018 Annual Report released by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through the Currency Operations Department (COD).

This rise in circulation according to the report reflected the high dominance of cash in the economy and increase in economic activities.

In terms of volume, the proportion of higher denomination banknotes – N100, N200, N500 and N1000 in total rose from 41.9 percent to 44.3 percent while in terms of value, it rose from 96.9 percent to 97.6 percent.

On the other hand, the lower denomination currency notes – N5, N10, N20 and N50 continued to be dominant in terms of volume compared to higher notes as it constituted 55.7 percent of the total, while in value terms, it constituted only 2.4 percent of the total banknotes.

The ratio of CIC to nominal GDP, which measures the moneyness of the economy recorded slight falls by 0.1 percentage point to 1.8 percent in the period under review and according to the report, this decline occurred as a result of increase in e-payment products such as electronic payment cards.

The report also indicated that the COD during the period under review recorded significant progress in the accomplishment of its strategic objectives, which included: development of a Clean Notes Policy and Banknote Fitness Guidelines; the tiered pricing for the processing of lower denomination banknotes, increased volume of issuable banknotes and effective distribution of banknotes.

It also registered more Cash-In-Transit (CIT) and Cash Processing Companies (CPC), which encouraged private sector participation; commissioning of the temporary exhibition “Naira Our National Pride” for public enlightenment on banknote basic security features.

Other noteworthy achievements made in 2018 include the development of the Cash Activity Reporting Portal (CARP) for transmission of financial industry currency management data to Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS); approval granted by management for the establishment of mobile courts, in collaboration with Legal Services Department (LSD), for the speedy prosecution of suspects apprehended for currency-related offences; and a pilot run on recycling of banknotes waste into re-usable materials to reduce its carbon footprints and comply with environmental sustainability practices.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

Economy

2026 Budget: Reps Threaten Zero Allocation for SON, NAICOM, CAC, Others

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Reps Stoppage of Forex Sales

By Adedapo Adesanya

The House of Representatives Public Accounts Committee (PAC) has recommended zero allocation for the Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON), the National Insurance Commission (NAICOM), and the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), among others, in the 2026 budget for allegedly failing to account for public funds appropriated to them.

The committee, at an investigative hearing, accused the affected ministries, departments and agencies (MDAs) of shunning invitations to respond to audit queries contained in the Auditor-General for the Federation’s annual reports for 2020, 2021 and 2022.

The affected MDAs include the Federal Housing Authority (FHA), the Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development, the National Business and Technical Examinations Board (NABTEB), and the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet).

Others are Federal University of Gashua; Federal Polytechnic, Ede; Federal Polytechnic, Offa; Federal Medical Centre, Owerri; Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi; Federal Medical Centre, Bida; Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi; Federal Medical Centre, Katsina; Federal Government College, Kwali; Federal Government Boys’ College, Garki, Abuja; Federal Government College, Rubochi; Federal College of Land Resources Technology, Owerri; Council for the Regulation of Freight Forwarding in Nigeria; and the FCT Secondary Education Board.

The PAC chairman, Mr Bamidele Salam, while speaking on the decision of the committee to recommend a zero budget for the defaulting MDAs, stated that the National Assembly should not continue to appropriate public funds to institutions that disregard accountability mechanisms.

“Public funds are held in trust for the Nigerian people. Any agency that fails to account for previous allocations, refuses to submit audited accounts, or ignores legislative summons cannot, in good conscience, expect fresh budgetary provisions. Accountability is not optional; it is a constitutional obligation,” he said.

The panel maintained that its recommendation for a zero budget for the affected MDAs is aimed at restoring fiscal discipline and strengthening transparency across federal institutions and conforms with extant financial regulations and the oversight powers of the parliament.

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Economy

SEC, NOA to Sensitize Nigerians to Illegal Investment Schemes

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Investments and Securities Act 2025

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the National Orientation Agency (NOA) have partnered to enlighten Nigerians on illegal investment schemes in Nigeria.

The director-general of SEC, Mr Emomotimi Agama, stated this during a meeting with his NOA counterpart, Mr Lanre Issa-Onilu, in Abuja on Thursday, according to a statement from SEC.

Mr Agama said the capital market is an available tool for national development, but beyond all that, there is a tendency for people to do the wrong things that will lead to the impoverishment of Nigerians.

According to him, these are not supposed to be, but many people fall victim due to a lack of knowledge. He stated that these schemes are springing up daily, and those involved are defrauding Nigerians, as people are always gullible because of the need to survive.

“As a management, we decided to move out to enlighten people; we cannot assume that people know, we need to go out for mass communication, hence this collaboration. It is only by co-operation that we can achieve the purpose of our existence,” he stated.

The SEC DG solicited the co-operation of the NOA to reach Nigerians because of its capacity and vast network of mass media, in a bid to ensure that the message reaches every nook and cranny of the country.

“This collaboration is important because it will go a long way in ensuring that Nigerians are no longer victims of these fraudulent schemes. We appreciate that you value this country, and we value the work that you do,” he added.

On his part, Mr Issa-Onilu commended the SEC for the capital market’s achievements in recent times, adding that the commission has not been celebrated enough.

“We commend you and thank you on behalf of the country, but most Nigerians are not aware of the opportunities in the capital market. An ignorant society will fall victim to many things that are avoidable. It is our responsibility to enlighten people to make the right decisions.

“We request that you provide information on what you do to enable us to propagate them. Our primary assignment is to serve all government institutions as the communications arm. We do a lot of enlightenment in places like the religious houses, motor parks, town halls, among others.”

Mr Issa-Onilu said the NOA engages in civic education to create the right values that will help most Nigerians be better citizens, saying that “many Nigerians are deficient in good behaviour. Both the Ponzi scheme promoters and those who patronise them are suffering from the wrong attitude and values.

“We have to encourage people to have the right attitude so they do not fall victim to Ponzi schemes. We have created a lot of platforms to interact with Nigerians.”

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Economy

NNPC Records N5.7trn Post-Tax Profit in 2025, Generates N60.52trn

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NNPC guarantee energy security

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited booked a Profit after Tax of N5.760 trillion after generating N60.517 trillion in revenue in 2025.

According to its monthly report published on Thursday, the sum of N14.706 trillion was remitted to statutory government agencies.

It said crude production dipped slightly in December, the last month of the year, from earlier months due to scheduled maintenance and several unplanned outages.

The report indicated that crude oil and condensate production averaged 1.54 million barrels per day in December 2025, while natural gas production stood at 6.914 billion standard cubic feet per day.

NNPC further disclosed that its retail outlets achieved 65 per cent product availability in December, while upstream pipelines recorded 100 per cent availability during the period.

On key infrastructure projects, the company stated that the Obiafu-Obrikom-Oben (OB3) pipeline project reached 91 per cent completion, while the Ajaokuta-Kaduna-Kano (AKK) pipeline project also attained 91 per cent completion.

The report from the Nigerian state oil company noted that December production performance was affected by planned maintenance at the Stardeep-Agbami and Renaissance–Estuary Area facilities, as well as unplanned production outages.

In its previous monthly update, NNPC disclosed that revenue declined by 14.17 per cent in November 2025 to N4.358 trillion, down from N5.078 trillion recorded in October.

Despite the drop in revenue, profit after tax rose by 12.3 per cent to N502 billion in November, compared with N447 billion in October.

The report also showed that the company made statutory payments of N967 billion to the government in October, bringing total remittances between January and October to N12.117 trillion.

NNPC said all figures remain provisional pending final reconciliation with stakeholders.

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