Feature/OPED
What to Expect from NAICOM’s New Capital Requirements for Insurance Industry
By Ada Ufomadu
The National Insurance Commission (NAICOM) recently increased the minimum paid up share capital requirements for insurance and reinsurance companies by a minimum of 100% across all segments. Life insurers are expected to raise minimum paid up capital from N2 billion to N8 billion; general underwriters from N3 billion to N10 billion; while composite and reinsurance companies have new minimum paid up share capital requirements of N18 billion and N20 billion, up from N5 billion and N10 billion respectively. The regulator exempted takaful and micro insurance companies from the recapitalisation exercise. According to NAICOM, the new regulation takes effect immediately (May 20, 2019) for new applications while existing operators have until June 30, 2020 to comply.
NAICOM’s new capital requirements are much stricter than the earlier proposed Tier Based Minimum Solvency Capital (TBMSC) which was cancelled in October 2018, a few months after its announcement in July 2018. The major reason for the cancellation was the short timeframe within which operators were required to comply as well as the tier-based model which discriminated smaller insurance companies. Although these have been addressed by the new directive, capital requirements across board are now much higher. This is similar to what the industry witnessed in its last recapitalisation between 2005 and 2007 when capital requirements for life companies increased from N150 million to N2 billion, general insurers from N200 million to N3 billion, composite underwriters from N350 million to N5 billion and reinsurers from N350 million to N10 billion.
The 2005/2007 recapitalisation saw a significant decline of the number of players from 103 direct insurers and four reinsurers operating as at 31 December 2005 with total core capital of N30 billion to 49 recertified firms (7 life, 23 general, 18 composite and 1 reinsurer) with a total capital base of N150 billion as at 31 December 2007. The consolidation involved major mergers comprising up to five insurance companies to form new companies with stronger capital. To ease the financial burden of the recapitalisation exercise, NAICOM obtained palliatives and concessions from other related authorities such as the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) on application processing fees on M&As and other associated activities. However, it took the Industry up to two years to adopt the new capital standards.
Although the recapitalisation exercise in 2005/2007 strengthened the Insurance Industry’s underwriting capacity, there were major notable hitches during the process. Due to uncertainties that surrounded identities of the recertified insurance companies, brokers withheld premiums paid by clients as against transferring same to the underwriting firms. The resultant effect was a decline in premiums available for investments. A similar trend was observed in 2018 following the introduction of the TBMSC where a number of players were adversely impacted by large corporates (particularly in the oil & gas sector) demanding immediate payment of outstanding claims due to uncertainties on the insurers that qualified as Tier 1 insurance companies.
Going by available 2018 financials of 12 insurance companies, only WAPIC Insurance Plc meets the new minimum capital requirements with its current structure. However, some insurers such as Linkage Assurance Plc and NEM Insurance Plc have strong accumulated retained earnings that can potentially be converted to share capital through bonus issuances. On the other hand, a number of insurers meet the minimum paid up share capital, but have huge accumulated retained losses that have substantially or completely eroded capital. Therefore, substance over form, these companies do not have sufficient capital. We believe that this is worthy of consideration by the regulator.
General Insurers
| FYE2018 | FYE 2018 | |||
| Paid up Share Capital ‘000 |
Shareholders’
Funds ‘000 |
New Minimum
Requirement |
||
| 1. | Consolidated Hallmark Insurance Plc | N4,220,264 | N6,058,041 | N10,000,000 |
| 2. | Law, Union & Rock Insurance Plc | N3,625,238 | N6,372,504 | N10,000,000 |
| 3. | Linkage Assurance Plc | N4,729,043 | N17,920,487 | N10,000,000 |
| 4. | NEM Insurance Plc | N2,912,802 | N12,427,157 | N10,000,000 |
| 5. | Regency Alliance Insurance Plc | N4,545,617 | N5,050,801 | N10,000,000 |
| 6. | Sovereign Trust Insurance Plc | N4,287,255 | N5,820,355 | N10,000,000 |
| 7. | WAPIC Insurance Plc | N12,886,352 | N14,255,618 | N10,000,000 |
| 8. | SUNU Assurances Nigeria Plc | N8,023,465 | N3,757,942 | N10,000,000 |
| 9. | Prestige Assurance Plc | N3,018,823 | N8,101,086 | N10,000,000 |
Composite Insurers
| FYE 2018 | FYE 2018 | ||||
| Paid up Share
Capital ‘000 |
Shareholders’
Funds ‘000 |
New Minimum
Requirement |
|||
| 1.
2. |
AIICO Insurance Plc | N6,289,491 | N14,347,313 | N18,000,000 | |
| AXA Mansard Insurance Plc
Reinsurance Companies |
N9,693,453 | N16,767,833 | N18,000,000 | ||
| FYE 2018 | FYE 2018 | ||||
| Paid up Share Shareholders’ New Minimum
Capital ‘000 Funds ‘000 Requirement |
|||||
| 1. | Continental Reinsurance Plc N9,101,823 N19,266,586 N 20,000,000 | ||||
Overall, a significant percentage of underwriters would need to raise capital in the short term, leveraging shareholders support, brand equity and internally generated revenues. We recognise that compared to the 2005/2007 recapitalisation where there was a booming capital market and banks were allowed to invest or outrightly acquire controlling interests in insurance companies, underwriters now have limited avenues to raise capital.
Therefore, recapitalisation will be largely achieved through mergers & acquisitions, foreign direct investments (FDI), private placements and rights issues. We remain cautiously optimistic about foreign direct investments, given persistent weak investor sentiments on account of political and economic uncertainties.
Although NAICOM’s intention is to consolidate the highly fragmented industry through M&As, many insurance companies would need to raise additional capital as a prerequisite for a probable M&A. This would ultimately improve their position in merger negotiations and possibly reduce the number of insurance companies that would be required in a merger.
We expect a successful recapitalisation to redistribute market share among players. The Insurance industry is presently dominated by few players with top 5 operators accounting for 43% of gross premium income (GPI), 42% of total assets and 61% of profits. Overall, we believe that a consolidation will bring about the much-needed stronger and better capitalised industry, equipped to improve insurance penetration in Nigeria through technology and underwriting capacity.
This article was written by Ada Ufomadu, a Senior Financial Institutions Analyst at Agusto & Co.
Feature/OPED
When Expertise Meets Politics: The Rejection of Professor Datonye Dennis by Lawmakers
By Meinyie Okpukpo
In a development that has generated debate within both political and medical circles in Rivers State, the Rivers State House of Assembly recently declined to confirm Professor Datonye Dennis Alasia as a commissioner-nominee submitted by the state governor, Siminalayi Fubara.
The decision followed a tense screening session in Port Harcourt and has raised broader questions about the intersection of politics, governance, and the role of technocrats in public administration.
For many in Nigeria’s medical community, Professor Alasia is not simply a nominee rejected by lawmakers. He is a respected physician, academic, and nephrology specialist whose decades-long career has contributed significantly to medical practice and training in the Niger Delta and across Nigeria.
The Political Drama Behind the Rejection
Professor Alasia was among nine commissioner nominees submitted by Governor Fubara to the Rivers Assembly as part of efforts to reconstitute the State Executive Council following the dissolution of the cabinet earlier in 2026. After deliberations, the Assembly confirmed five nominees but rejected four, including Professor Alasia.
During the screening exercise, lawmakers raised concerns about discrepancies in Alasia’s birth certificate as well as the absence of a tax clearance certificate among the documents he submitted to the Assembly. Although the professor offered explanations and apologised for the missing tax document, a motion was moved on the floor of the House recommending that he should not be confirmed. The Assembly subsequently voted against his nomination. Some lawmakers also cited what they described as “poor performance” during the screening exercise as part of the reasons for their decision. The outcome has since become one of the most talked-about developments from the commissioner screening exercise, largely because of Alasia’s distinguished professional background.
Who Is Professor Datonye Dennis Alasia?
Professor Alasia is widely known in Nigeria’s healthcare sector as a consultant nephrologist and Professor of Medicine with long-standing service at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). At UPTH, he served as Chairman of the Medical Advisory Committee (CMAC), a key leadership position responsible for overseeing clinical governance, medical standards, and patient-care policies in one of Nigeria’s foremost teaching hospitals.
He also previously held the role of Deputy Chief Medical Director, contributing significantly to hospital administration and the implementation of medical policies within the institution.
In addition to his clinical responsibilities, Professor Alasia has been deeply involved in academic medicine, combining medical practice with teaching and research in the university system.
Advancing Nephrology Care in Nigeria
Professor Alasia specialises in nephrology, the branch of medicine that deals with kidney diseases. This area of medicine is particularly important in Nigeria, where hypertension and diabetes have contributed to a growing number of kidney failure cases.
Through his work as a consultant nephrologist, he has been involved in:
Diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases
Management of chronic kidney failure
Development of nephrology services in tertiary hospitals
Training doctors in renal medicine
His contributions have helped expand specialised kidney care within the Niger Delta region.
Training the Next Generation of Doctors
Beyond clinical practice, Professor Alasia has also played an important role in medical education.
Teaching hospitals like UPTH serve as the backbone of Nigeria’s medical training system. Within this system, professors supervise:
Residency training programmes
Specialist physician development
Medical student education
Clinical research mentorship
Through these responsibilities, Professor Alasia has helped mentor and train numerous doctors who now practice across Nigeria and beyond.
Leadership in Hospital Administration
Professor Alasia’s role as Chairman of the Medical Advisory Committee at UPTH placed him at the centre of hospital governance.
The position involves responsibilities such as:
Oversight of clinical governance
Enforcement of patient-care standards
Coordination of medical departments
Implementation of healthcare policies
The CMAC position is widely regarded as one of the most influential clinical leadership roles in Nigerian teaching hospitals.
Politics Versus Professional Expertise
The rejection of Professor Alasia highlights a broader issue often seen in Nigerian governance—the tension between professional expertise and political scrutiny. On one hand, the Assembly maintains that its decision reflects its constitutional duty to thoroughly vet nominees and ensure that those appointed to public office meet all necessary requirements. On the other hand, some observers argue that professionals with long careers outside politics may sometimes struggle to navigate political screening processes that are often designed with career politicians in mind.
What Happens Next?
With four nominees rejected during the screening exercise, Governor Fubara may be required to submit new names to the Assembly in order to complete the composition of the State Executive Council.
For Professor Alasia, however, the Assembly’s decision does not diminish a career built over decades in medicine, medical education, and hospital administration.
Conclusion
Professor Datonye Dennis Alasia represents a class of Nigerian professionals whose influence lies primarily outside the political arena. As a professor of medicine, consultant nephrologist, and hospital administrator, his contributions to medical training and kidney disease management remain significant.
Yet his experience before the Rivers State Assembly reflects a recurring reality in Nigerian public life: even the most accomplished technocrats must still navigate the complex and often unforgiving terrain of politics.
Meinyie Okpukpo, a socio-political commentator and analyst, writes from Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Feature/OPED
Compliance is the New Currency of Nigerian Banking
By James Edeh
In the traditional halls of Nigerian finance, capital was once defined solely by the strength of a balance sheet and the depth of physical vaults. However, as the industry transitions into a tech-enabled era, marked by a staggering 11.2 billion electronic transactions processed by NIBSS in 2024 alone, the definition of capital has undergone a fundamental shift.
In 2026, ‘Character’ seems to have emerged as the most vital form of liquidity. In a market where digital fraud and systemic volatility can erode trust overnight, a bank’s commitment to regulatory compliance is no longer a ‘back-office’ function; it is the primary bridge that builds and sustains customer confidence. This evolution is driven by a sophisticated web of regulations from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC), which have moved from reactive policing to proactive architecture. With the introduction of the Digital, Electronic, Online, or Non-traditional Consumer Lending Regulations 2025, the authorities have set a clear mandate: innovation must be tethered to integrity.
The current regulatory landscape is defined by milestones that signal a maturing ecosystem. Nigeria’s successful exit from the FATF ‘grey list’ in October 2025 served as a global validation of the country’s strengthened Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorism Financing (CFT) frameworks.
The mandatory integration of the Bank Verification Number (BVN) and National Identification Number (NIN) has become the ‘digital DNA’ of banking. This has not only reduced identity fraud, which saw a significant decrease from ₦52.26 billion in 2024 to ₦25.85 billion in 2025, according to the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System NIBSS, but has also provided a secure pathway for 74% of the population to enter the formal financial system. Additionally, the CBN’s 2024–2026 recapitalisation drive, requiring minimum capital thresholds of up to ₦500 billion for international banks, ensures that ‘character’ is backed by the resilience to withstand economic shocks, effectively mandating that only the most robust and compliant players remain at the table.
As of January 2026, the Nigeria’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has also significantly increased the minimum capital requirements (MCR) for fintechs and digital asset operators, with compliance required by June 30, 2027. Key thresholds include ₦100 million for Robo-Advisers (up from ₦10m), ₦200 million for Crowdfunding Intermediaries (up from ₦100m), and ₦2 billion for Digital Asset Exchanges (DAX).
At FairMoney MFB, compliance is far more than a regulatory check box, it is the bedrock of our operational integrity and strategic growth. We have engineered a proactive compliance architecture that reaches every level of our organisation, ensuring that we remain with the highest industry standards. By embedding rigorous oversight, ethical governance, and transparent reporting into our core DNA, we have cultivated a foundation of trust that serves as a vital bridge between our organisation and key government stakeholders.
For forward-thinking institutions, compliance is being rebranded as a competitive advantage. In the digital space, where customers cannot visit a branch to demand answers, the ‘seal of approval’ from regulators acts as a proxy for safety.
This is where the concept of Character-as-Capital becomes most visible. By maintaining a strict adherence to responsible debt recovery practices and strictly adhering to the Nigeria Data Protection Act (NDPA), Institutions such as FairMoney MFB demonstrate how compliance-led models can support responsible digital lending. FairMoney’s adherence to the FCCPC’s Digital Lending Guidelines and its proactive stance on product transparency – clearly stating all interest rates and fees upfront – exemplifies how compliance can be used to build a ‘predictability model’ for the consumer. When a bank follows the rules even when it is more expensive to do so, it builds a reservoir of goodwill that serves as a moat against more aggressive, less ethical competitors.
The shift toward a compliance-first culture is yielding a tangible ‘Trust Dividend’. In late 2025, FairMoney’s national scale long-term issuer rating was upgraded from BBB(NG) to BBB+(NG) by Global Credit Rating (GCR), and its short-term rating from A3(NG) to A2(NG). Internal audited records show that in FY2025 FairMoney disbursed over ₦250 billion in loans and paid out over ₦7 billion in interest to savers, proving its ability to return value to a customer base that views the platform as a trusted platform for savings and credit services.
Between 2021 and 2024, FairMoney saw a significant growth in its customer deposit base. This growth has facilitated a reduced cost of funds; because users trust the bank’s CBN and NDIC-licensed status, FairMoney now funds over 56% of its loan book through customer deposits. Recent data from the Nigerian Exchange Limited and banking industry suggests that as compliance improves, so does the velocity of money. Total deposits in the Nigerian banking sector rose by 63% to ₦136 trillion by late 2024, a growth driven by a population that finally feels the digital financial infrastructure is safe enough to hold their life savings.
In the coming years, the winners in the Nigerian banking sector will not be those with the largest marketing budgets, but those with the strongest ethical spine. Compliance is the bridge that connects a sceptical populace to the digital economy. It is the assurance that a customer’s data is private, their deposits are insured, and their treatment is fair. As we look toward 2030, Nigeria’s economic expansion will only be reachable if the banking sector continues to treat Character as its New Capital.
By embracing the rigorous demands of current regulations, financial institutions are not just following the law; they are investing in the most valuable asset any bank can own: the unshakeable confidence of its people. The road ahead requires a commitment to transparency that transcends the app interface and penetrates the core of institutional culture.
James Edeh is the Head of Compliance at FairMoney Microfinance Bank
Feature/OPED
Piracy in Nigeria: Who Really Pays the Price?
Ever noticed how easy it is to get a movie in Nigeria, sometimes before or right after it hits cinemas? For decades, films, music, and series have circulated in ways that felt almost natural; roadside DVDs, download sites, and streaming hacks became part of how we consumed entertainment. It became the default way people experienced content.
But what many don’t realise is that what feels normal for audiences has real consequences for the people behind the screen. As Nigeria’s creative industry grows into a serious economic force, piracy isn’t just a “shortcut” anymore; it’s a drain on the very lifeblood of creativity.
The conversation hit the headlines again with the alleged arrest of the CEO of NetNaija, a platform widely known for downloadable entertainment content. Beyond the courtrooms, the story reopened an important question: how did piracy become so normalised, and why should we care now?
Filmmaker Jade Osiberu put it into perspective in a post that resonated across social media: for many Nigerians, pirated CDs and downloads were simply the most accessible way to watch films. Piracy didn’t just appear from nowhere. It grew because legal options were limited, streaming platforms scarce, and affordability a challenge. In other words, piracy is as much a story about opportunity and access as it is about legality.
The cost of this convenience is real. Every illegally downloaded or shared film chips away at revenue that sustains the people who create it. Producers risk their own capital to tell stories, actors and crew rely on fair compensation, and distributors and cinemas lose income when pirated copies hit screens first. Over time, this doesn’t just hurt profits; it erodes confidence in investing in new projects and threatens the ecosystem that allows Nigerian creativity to flourish.
Piracy is also about culture and necessity. Many audiences never intended harm; they simply wanted stories in a system that didn’t always make legal access easy. Streaming services were limited or expensive, internet access was spotty, and distribution was weak outside major cities. Piracy became the default, and generations grew up seeing it as normal. But what was once a practical workaround has now become a barrier to sustainable growth.
This is where enforcement comes in. Legal action, like the NCC’s intervention against NetNaija, isn’t about pointing fingers at audiences; it’s a reminder that creative work has value and that infringement carries consequences. It’s about sending the message that the people who write, produce, act, and edit these stories deserve protection. Enforcement alone isn’t enough, though. Without accessible, affordable legal alternatives, audiences will naturally gravitate back to piracy.
The bigger picture is this: Nollywood is no longer just a local industry. It’s a global player, employing thousands, creating cultural influence, and generating revenue across multiple sectors. Its growth depends not just on talent, but on a system that rewards creators, protects their work, and builds a sustainable ecosystem.
Piracy may have been normalised in the past, but its consequences today are impossible to ignore. It threatens livelihoods, investment, and the future of stories that define Nigeria culturally and economically. Understanding its impact isn’t about shaming audiences or vilifying platforms; it’s about valuing the people behind the content, the stories themselves, and the industry’s potential.
The real question isn’t just whether piracy is illegal. It’s whether Nigeria is willing to build an entertainment ecosystem where creators thrive, stories get told properly, and audiences can enjoy them without undermining the very people who made them possible. Until that happens, the cost of convenience will keep being paid by someone else, and it’s the people who create the magic.
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