Health
Apprehension as Prices of Medication Drugs in Nigeria Surge by Over 1,000%
By Adedapo Adesanya
A new report from SB Morgen Intelligence has shown that prices of drugs have skyrocketed by as much as 1,000 per cent in the last four years, raising worries about Nigerians being able to treat themselves using orthodox methods.
In the report Paying the Price on Health, the firm analysed the impacts of the Nigerian economy and foreign exchange crisis on the prices of essential medicines in the country.
It was found that between 2019 and 2023, there were massive surges across four broad categories of Antimalarial, Antibiotics, Painkillers and Common Cold medicines.
The report indicates that antibiotics recorded the highest price increases, with 500mg Ampiclox capsules recording the highest jump. The cost price is said to increase by 1,390 per cent and the selling price increasing by 1,100 per cent between 2019 and 2023.
Antimalarial drugs saw the slowest price increase in the period under review, while only one (Novalgin) in the painkiller category has maintained its 2022 price in 2023, following a 25 per cent increase in price in 2022.
SBM noted that 19 per cent of respondents who participated in a 2023 survey reported spending a significant amount of their income on healthcare and 67 per cent of respondents who reported making lifestyle changes due to a high cost of living, listed cutting back on healthcare bills.
According to the method, five brands of medicine were considered in all the categories except the antibiotics where 10 brands were evaluated.
Of all the brands under the painkillers category, Emzor is the only local manufacturer with their Paracetamol accounting for the highest rate of cost and selling price increase, growing by over 450 per cent and 250 per cent, respectively, since 2019.
“This may be due to the strong brand presence that Paracetamol has built as a painkiller amongst the populace, thereby giving the manufacturer room to transfer rising production costs to the end user,” the report noted.
Like the other categories, the cost price of medicines under the painkiller category grew faster than the selling price, except Brustan-N, produced by Sun Ranbaxy, an Indian manufacturer, as the selling price grew faster than the cost price in 2023.
Medicines under the common cold category recorded the second-highest rate of increase since 2019. The report showed that on a year-on-year basis, the cost price of Procold and Mixagrip recorded the highest increase; rising by 90 per cent, while Fluj recorded the slowest rate of increase at 17.65 per cent.
Across all drug categories, the highest jump in the cost and selling prices was recorded in the antibiotics section, which was attributed to the continued demand for antibiotics.
Between 2022 and 2023, Amoxil recorded the fastest rate of increase, jumping by over 400 percentage points. This was followed by Ampiclox, which saw an increase of 240 percentage points.
Of all the categories considered, the antimalarial category accounted for the lowest rate of increase. According to the report, between 2019 and 2023, Lonart recorded the highest cost and selling price increase – up by 110 per cent and 92.3 per cent, respectively.
Unlike the Common Cold category, the rate of increase of the cost price was faster than the selling price – translating to reduced profit margins for medicine retailers.
According to the report, the rising cost of drugs in Nigeria has far-reaching consequences that extend beyond the borders of the country.
“It threatens to exacerbate global health challenges by reducing access to essential medicines, increasing the spread of diseases, and undermining international health security,” it noted.
“The high cost of drugs in Nigeria is forcing patients to skip doses or forgo treatment altogether based on anecdotal observations.
“This can lead to the development of drug resistance, making it more difficult to treat infections. It can also worsen chronic conditions, leading to increased morbidity and mortality.”
The report further explained that when patients are unable to afford essential medicines, they may resort to self-treatment or seek treatment from unlicensed practitioners, which can lead to the inappropriate use of antibiotics, and contribute to the development of drug resistance.
It added that it can also increase the spread of infectious diseases as untreated patients continue to shed pathogens
The SBM report also observed that the increased costs of medicine are also a signal that foreign inflows may slow down in the pharmaceutical business as profit margins reduce.
The report quoted Boladele Silva, a pharmaceutical professor at the University of Lagos (UNILAG), who explained that Nigeria’s pharmaceutical industry is highly exposed to shocks from foreign exchange volatility.
“In Nigeria, what we have are packaging hubs. The active pharmaceutical ingredients and most excipients used by the manufacturers are imported. That makes them very vulnerable to economic shocks,” he told SBM, explaining the hike in the prices of medicines.
Health
Court Okays FCCPC to Regulate Consumer Protection in Healthcare
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Abuja division of the Federal High Court has delivered a landmark ruling reinforcing consumer protection in Nigeria’s healthcare sector, affirming the authority of the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) to investigate complaints related to medical services, including alleged negligence.
Justice Emeka Nwite, who presided over the matter, delivered the judgment on April 15 in a suit filed by Life Bridge Medical Diagnostic Centre Ltd.
The company had challenged the FCCPC’s jurisdiction, arguing that the commission could not probe medical negligence cases without first establishing a formal arrangement with the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN).
However, the court dismissed the claims, holding that healthcare providers operating as commercial entities fall squarely under the provisions of the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA).
Justice Nwite ruled that services rendered for value, including medical diagnostics, are subject to consumer protection oversight.
In the decisive clarification, the court drew a line between professional regulation and consumer protection. It said that while disciplinary control of medical practitioners remains the responsibility of professional bodies such as the MDCN, the FCCPC retains authority over issues of service quality, fairness, and consumer satisfaction.
The court further held that Section 105 of the FCCPA, which encourages regulatory coordination, does not limit or delay the FCCPC’s statutory powers.
According to the ruling, the absence of a formal agreement with sector regulators does not invalidate the Commission’s authority to act.
Justice Nwite also addressed concerns around patient confidentiality, ruling that ethical obligations do not override lawful investigations carried out in the public interest and in compliance with due process.
Reacting to the judgment, FCCPC executive vice chairman, Tunji Bello, described the decision as a major step toward strengthening consumer rights across all service sectors.
He emphasised that the ruling underscores the principle that consumer protection and professional regulation can coexist without conflict.
Health
Resident Doctors Suspend Proposed Indefinite Strike
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Nigerian Association of Resident Doctors (NARD) has suspended its planned indefinite strike following the federal government’s reversal of the implementation of the reviewed Professional Allowance Table (PAT) and renewed assurances on outstanding payments.
The decision was announced in a communiqué issued at the end of an emergency National Executive Council (NEC) meeting held virtually on Saturday.
NARD had earlier resolved to embark on a total and indefinite strike over the government’s suspension of the reviewed allowance structure and other unresolved welfare concerns affecting resident doctors nationwide.
However, the association said it reconsidered its position after reviewing the outcomes of high-level engagements with key government officials and health-sector stakeholders.
According to the communiqué signed by NARD President, Dr Mohammad Usman Suleiman; Secretary-General, Dr Shuaibu Ibrahim; and Publicity and Social Secretary, Dr Abdulmajid Yahya Ibrahim, the Federal Government has now reversed its earlier decision on the allowance table.
“The NEC observed that the earlier decision to halt the implementation of the reviewed Professional Allowance Table (PAT) has been reversed, with implementation expected to reflect in the April salary and beyond,” the statement read.
The association also noted the government’s renewed commitment to settling outstanding promotion and salary arrears owed to resident doctors in affected institutions.
In addition, NARD said initial approval had been secured for the 2026 Medical Residency Training Fund (MRTF), with assurances that the disbursement process would be concluded.
“The NEC observed that the Budget Office has indicated its readiness to commence the process for the payment of the outstanding nineteen months’ arrears of the Professional Allowance,” the communiqué added.
Despite the progress, the doctors expressed concern about the continued delay in paying house officers’ salaries and called for urgent action to address the issue.
Following its deliberations, the NEC demanded the sustained implementation of the reviewed allowance structure, the prompt payment of all outstanding arrears, and the expedited disbursement of the residency training fund.
It also called for the immediate commencement of the process to clear the 19-month arrears and the convening of an urgent stakeholders’ meeting to resolve delays affecting house officers’ salaries.
“In light of the above developments, the NEC resolves to suspend the proposed total, indefinite, and comprehensive strike action, with a review of progress to be undertaken at the May Ordinary General Meeting (OGM) in Kano,” the statement said.
NARD expressed appreciation to President Bola Tinubu, Vice President Kashim Shettima, and several ministers, government agencies, and stakeholders for their interventions in resolving the dispute.
Health
Over 1.5 million Nigerian Children Living With Sickle Cell Disease—Report
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
More than 1.5 million children under the age of 15 are living with sickle cell disease in Nigeria, a new international study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, one of the world’s leading medical journals, has revealed.
In the report made available to Business Post, it was disclosed that Nigeria carries the highest burden of disease globally, far exceeding other high-burden countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ethiopia.
The findings highlight both the scale of the challenge in Nigeria and the opportunity for the country to lead Africa in tackling one of the most preventable causes of childhood illness and death.
The study shows that nearly nine million children across sub-Saharan Africa are living with sickle cell disease in 2023, including around 1.17 million infants and 2.75 million children under five, who face the highest risk of early death without treatment.
Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder present at birth. With early diagnosis and access to simple, low-cost interventions such as newborn screening, penicillin prophylaxis, routine vaccinations, malaria prevention, and hydroxyurea, most complications and deaths can be prevented.
However, in Nigeria, access to these essential services remains limited. Many children are only diagnosed after severe and avoidable complications, while others are never diagnosed at all, contributing to high levels of preventable illness and early childhood deaths.
The researchers emphasise that strengthening Nigeria’s health system response will be critical. This includes expanding newborn screening programmes, improving access to essential medicines, and integrating sickle cell care into primary healthcare services.
They called for urgent and coordinated action across government, health institutions, and development partners, including expanding newborn screening programmes, improving access to essential medicines and vaccines, and embedding sickle cell care within primary healthcare services.
The researchers, led by Professor Davies Adeloye, Professor of Public Health at Teesside University, United Kingdom, and Director of the International Society of Global Health (ISoGH), also called for increased domestic investment, supported by international partnerships, as well as stronger data systems to improve surveillance and guide policy decisions.
They concluded that even modest improvements in early-life screening and treatment in high-burden countries like Nigeria could transform child survival and significantly reduce preventable deaths.
“Nigeria now stands at the centre of the global sickle cell crisis. With over 1.5 million children affected, the scale is enormous, but so is the opportunity to act. We already know what works. Newborn screening and early treatment are effective, affordable, and can be delivered through existing health systems.
“If Nigeria prioritises sickle cell disease within its national health agenda and integrates care into routine maternal and child health services, we could save hundreds of thousands of young lives and significantly reduce avoidable deaths.” Professor Adeloye noted.
It was learned that the study analysed data from 40 studies across 22 African countries to produce the most comprehensive country-level estimates of childhood sickle cell disease to date.
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