Health
Three Win 2025 Nobel Medicine Prize for Immune System Tolerance Discoveries
By Adedapo Adesanya
The trio of Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025.
The scientists were announced as this year’s recipients for their groundbreaking discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance that prevents the immune system from harming the body.
The laureates identified the immune system’s security guards, regulatory T cells, which prevent immune cells from attacking our own body.
“Their discoveries have been decisive for our understanding of how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases,” says Olle Kämpe, chair of the Nobel Committee.
According to a press release on Monday, it was disclosed that Shimon Sakaguchi was swimming against the tide in 1995, when he made the first key discovery. At the time, many researchers were convinced that immune tolerance only developed due to potentially harmful immune cells being eliminated in the thymus, through a process called central tolerance.
Sakaguchi showed that the immune system is more complex and discovered a previously unknown class of immune cells, which protect the body from autoimmune diseases.
Years later, Mary Brunkow and Fred Ramsdell made the other key discovery, when they presented the explanation for why a specific mouse strain was particularly vulnerable to autoimmune diseases.
The duo in 2001 discovered that the mice have a mutation in a gene that they named Foxp3. They also showed that mutations in the human equivalent of this gene cause a serious autoimmune disease, IPEX.
Two years after this, Shimon Sakaguchi was able to link these discoveries. He proved that the Foxp3 gene governs the development of the cells he identified in 1995. These cells, now known as regulatory T cells, monitor other immune cells and ensure that our immune system tolerates our own tissues.
The laureates’ discoveries launched the field of peripheral tolerance, spurring the development of medical treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
This development holds many promises for the future of science as it may also lead to more successful transplantations. Several of these treatments are now undergoing clinical trials.
Health
Chimamanda: Euracare Raises Concerns Over MDCN Investigation Panel Process
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
A Lagos-based healthcare facility currently in the limelight, Euracare Multi-Specialist Hospital, has faulted the outcome of the investigation panel of the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN) on the death of a 21-month-old Nkanu Nnamdi Esege, son of a renowned author, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.
The toddler died some weeks ago after an alleged overdose of sedative propofol, with the family alleging medical negligence.
This week, the panel suspended the two doctors of Euracare, Dr Tosin Majekodunmi and Dr Titus Ogundare.
Reacting to the development in a statement, the hospital claimed it observed “a number of serious concerns that have arisen in the course of these proceedings.”
In the statement made available to Business Post, Euracare emphasised that it vouches for the “professionalism and integrity of our clinical team,” pointing out that “certain established processes and protocols have not been followed in the manner required” during the probe.
While it empathised “with the family of Master Nkanu Nnamdi Esege” over the unfortunate incident, the healthcare firm said there was a “serious breach” by the investigators that “cannot go unaddressed.”
It identified this breach as the disclosure of “matters covered by patient and institutional confidentiality” outside the appropriate channels.
Below is the full statement from Euracare;
Our attention has been drawn to widespread media reports concerning the interim suspension orders and other findings issued by the Medical and Dental Practitioners Investigation Panel against thirteen doctors, two of whom are our clinical staff members in connection with the ongoing proceedings relating to the death of Master Nkanu Nnamdi Esege. We remain fully committed to cooperating with all relevant regulatory and judicial authorities in the course of their inquiries.
We however wish to place on record our confidence in the professionalism and integrity of our clinical team. Dr. Tosin Majekodunmi and Dr. Titus Ogundare who are experienced professionals whose records of service to patients in Nigeria span many years. Both doctors have, in their respective careers, contributed meaningfully to the delivery of quality healthcare to Nigerian patients at a standard comparable to what is obtainable in the world’s leading medical facilities.
In the interest of transparency, since the commencement of this matter, we have conducted a thorough internal review of the clinical events in question, in line with our clinical governance standards and best practices. We have actively demonstrated our commitment to transparency and will continue to engage openly with all inquiries directed at us.
We are also compelled to draw attention to a number of serious concerns that have arisen in the course of these proceedings. It is our position that certain established processes and protocols have not been followed in the manner required. We have further noted, with deep concern, that matters covered by patient and institutional confidentiality appear to have been disclosed outside the appropriate channels, and we consider this a serious breach that cannot go unaddressed.
We wish to state that we stand by the principles of equality, fairness, and good governance. Every party in this matter, including our institution and our staff, is entitled to a process that is conducted with rigour, impartiality, and respect for the rules that govern it. We will be raising these concerns through the appropriate legal and regulatory channels.
We continue to empathize with the family of Master Nkanu Nnamdi Esege. The loss of a child is a grief without measure, and we carry that awareness in everything we say and do in relation to this matter.
Health
Chimamanda: MDCN Suspends Euracare Medical Director, Anesthesiologist
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Medical and Dental Practitioners Investigation Panel of the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN) has invoked its order of suspension against the Medical Director of Euracare Multi-Specialist Hospital, Dr Tosin Majekodunmi, and two others, after establishing a prima facie case of medical negligence against them in the management of the late Nkanu Adichie-Esege.
Nkanu, the son of renowned Nigerian author, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Dr Ivara Esege, died on January 7, 2026, after receiving care at Atlantis Hospital and undergoing medical procedures at Euracare Multi-Specialist Hospital in Lagos. He was 21 months old.
Apart from the Medical Director at Euracare, the panel also suspended the anesthesiologist at the same hospital, Dr Titus Ogundare, as well as the Chief Medical Officer at Atlantis Pediatric Hospital, Dr Atinuke Uwajeh.
The trio were suspended from medical practice in Nigeria pending the determination of their case by the Medical and Dental Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal.
A statement signed by the committee’s secretary, Dr Enejo Abdu, also disclosed it was determining if there is a prima facie case of professional misconduct against 10 other doctors.
These are Dr Adeseye Akinsete, Dr Chidinma Ohagwu, Dr Anthony Ajeh, Dr Amarachi Bayo, and Dr Nkechi Peji. Others are Dr Olaoye Oludare, Dr Agaja Oyinkansola, Dr Patricia Akintan, Dr Babatunde Bamgboye, and Dr Raji Faidat.
The panel, which also cleared eight other doctors, reached these decisions after considering the complaint against all 21 doctors and reviewing their counter-affidavits, including their oral depositions on oath.
It concluded its investigation at its 25th session held at Excel Hotel & Resort in Abuja on February 17 and 18, 2026.
The 21-month-old child, Nkanu Adichie-Esege, was initially admitted to Atlantis Hospital in Lagos for what was described as a worsening but initially mild illness.
While arrangements were being made to transfer him to Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States, Atlantis referred him to Euracare for pre-flight diagnostic procedures, including an MRI, lumbar puncture, and insertion of a central line.
However, the child passed following the procedures.
His parents have alleged medical negligence and professional misconduct in connection with his death.
In a legal notice dated January 10, 2026, issued by the law firm led by Kemi Pinheiro (SAN), Ms Adichie and her husband accused Euracare, its anesthesiologist, and other attending medical personnel of breaching the duty of care owed to their son.
The notice stated that the child, born on March 25, 2024, was referred to Euracare on January 6, 2026, for diagnostic and preparatory procedures ahead of an emergency medical evacuation to the United States, where a specialist team was reportedly on standby.
The procedures reportedly included: Echocardiogram, Brain MRI, and insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter.
Lumbar puncture, Intravenous sedation using propofol was administered.
The parents alleged that the child developed sudden and severe complications while being transported to the cardiac catheterisation laboratory after the MRI.
The development has raised worries and questions about the country’s healthcare.
Health
Nigeria to Receive Breakthrough HIV Prevention Drug Lenacapavir—NACA
By Adedapo Adesanya
The National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA) has announced that Nigeria would take delivery of Lenacapavir, a groundbreaking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention drug that has shown 100 per cent effectiveness in preventing the viral infection in clinical trials.
A short statement released by the Head of Public Relations for NACA, Mrs Toyin Aderibigbe, on Monday said the agency had secured regulatory approval from the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC).
HIV over time causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs), a condition in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.
Lenacapavir is an injectable treatment administered twice a year, making it a more convenient alternative to daily oral prevention drugs.
The drug is expected to be available in Nigeria and 119 other low- and middle-income countries at an affordable price of $40 per person annually, thanks to voluntary licensing agreements with generic manufacturers.
“The Government of Nigeria is advancing preparations for the introduction and rollout of Lenacapavir as Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP).
“This is part of the government’s commitment to strengthen HIV prevention and accelerate progress toward epidemic control,” the statement read.
NACA listed some significant milestones achieved, including completion of landscape and readiness assessments across ten states: Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Benue, Cross River, Ebonyi, FCT, Gombe, Kano, Kwara, and Lagos, alongside regulatory approval by NAFDAC.
“The commodities are expected in the country in March 2026,” NACA noted.
Nigeria has approximately 1.9 million people living with HIV, with a national prevalence of 1.3% among adults aged 15-49 years.
The country recorded 74,000 new HIV infections and 51,000 AIDS-related deaths in 2021.
The South-South zone has the highest HIV prevalence at 3.1%, while women aged 15-49 years are more than twice as likely to be living with HIV as men.
Daily oral PrEP has been available in Nigeria since 2016, but uptake varies. Adherence issues like pill fatigue, stigma, limited awareness, and inconsistent access have hindered wider use.
Newer PrEP options include injections that last two or six months, providing an alternative for those who prefer less frequent dosing and may overcome many barriers of daily oral use.
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