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BRICS 2020: Achievements and Future Challenges

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Russia's BRICS Chairmanship

By Kester Kenn Klomegah

On November 17, under Russia’s BRICS Chairmanship, Vladimir Putin hosted the 12th BRICS Summit via videoconference.

The leaders of Brazil, India, China and South Africa participated to discuss the state and prospects of cooperation within BRICS. They discussed the global stability and security, and most importantly exchanged views on joint efforts to halt the spread of coronavirus pandemic.

President Vladimir Putin reviewed BRICS activities since Russia took over from Brazil, highlighted achievements and set the challenges for the future of BRICS. During the Russia’s BRICS Chairmanship, Russia has held 130 events, including some 25 ministerial meetings, many of them online.

Within the context of the current global health situation, Putin pointed to the subject of medical cooperation among BRICS and reminded the Ufa Declaration which was adopted five years ago included an agreement to work together to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Pursuant to that agreement, the BRICS countries created an early warning system for infectious disease outbreaks, which could be used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The BRICS countries promptly responded to the disease outbreak and took practical measures to combat the pandemic.

He said that the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) has signed agreements with Indian and Brazilian partners on clinical tests of the Sputnik V vaccine and with pharmaceutical companies in China and India on the production of this vaccine not only for own use but also for third countries. There are Russian vaccines, and they are effective and safe. The next task is to launch large-scale production. It is very important to join forces for the large-scale manufacturing of this product for public use.

Besides this, it important to accelerate the establishment of the BRICS Vaccine Research and Development Centre, as agreed at the Johannesburg summit two years ago at the initiative of South African.

Due to the pandemic, many countries have taken emergency measures to support national industries, finance and the social sphere, to revive their economies and return them to a trajectory of sustainable growth. This is the goal of the Strategy for BRICS Economic Partnership for the period until 2025, prepared for this summit.

The New Development Bank is in great demand in the current situation. The Bank has reserved $10 billion to combat the pandemic, while its overall portfolio of investment projects now exceeds $20 billion. As many as 62 large projects are being implemented in the BRICS countries. Incidentally, a regional branch of the bank will soon open in Moscow to implement lending programs across the Eurasian space. The BRICS countries have a special insurance tool in case of a crisis in the financial markets: the BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement, with a $100 billion fund.

The BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism is important in the parties’ cooperation on credit and investment policy. This year, they have agreed on the rules and principles of responsible financing of development institutions within its framework.

The five countries are enhancing cooperation in science, technology, and innovation. Intensive contacts have been underway between our academic and scientific centres. Their coverage is truly impressive – from the ocean and polar research to astronomy and artificial intelligence. Experts from the five countries carry out joint energy research: reports have been prepared on the projected development of the fuel and energy sectors in the BRICS countries until 2040.

Putin further highlighted the challenging global and regional security environment. International terrorism and drug trafficking continue to pose serious threats, and cybercrime has greatly expanded its reach.

“We are witnessing dangerous destabilizing trends in the Middle East and North Africa. The armed conflicts in Libya and Yemen are continuing. There is still a lot to be done to bring about a political settlement in Syria, and the risks of escalation persist in Iraq, Lebanon, Afghanistan, and in the Persian Gulf,” he told the gathering.

It is highly satisfying that the BRICS countries have been closely coordinating their efforts on current international and regional matters. A policy document, the BRICS Counter-Terrorism Strategy, drafted for the summit. The BRICS countries are expanding their cooperation on combating drug trafficking and corruption, as well as on international information security.

During the meeting, the leaders of the BRICS member countries heard reports from other speakers who have overseen the work on each track of the association’s activity.

Secretary of the Russian Security Council Nikolai Patrushev spoke about cooperation in the coronavirus pandemic response, in combating terrorism and cybercrime.

President of the New Development Bank Marcos Troyjo cited the financial institution’s performance data and plans for next year.

President of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Sergei Katyrin spoke about the Business Council events, while Chairman of VEB RF Igor Shuvalov covered the BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism.

The report by Chair of the Board of Directors of Global Rus Trade Anna Nesterova addressed the establishment of the BRICS Women’s Business Alliance.

President of Brazil Jair Bolsonaro, Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi, President of China Xi Jinping and President of South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa, during the meeting, exchanged views on the state and prospects of the five-sided cooperation.

The 12th BRICS Summit Moscow Declaration was adopted which reflects the five countries’ consolidated approach to the further development of the association, as well as the Strategy for the BRICS Economic Partnership until 2025 and the BRICS Anti-Terrorism Strategy.

“India, China, South Africa and Brazil commend Russian BRICS Chairmanship in 2020 and express their gratitude to the government and people of Russia for holding the XII BRICS Summit,” the adopted document says. Besides that, Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa extended full support to India for its BRICS Chairmanship in 2021 and the holding of the 13th BRICS Summit.

Kester Kenn Klomegah writes frequently about Russia, Africa and BRICS.

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Synthetix to Acquire Derive to Strengthen Position in Decentralized Derivatives

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Synthetix Acquire Derive

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

To strengthen its position in decentralized derivatives, Synthetix is considering the acquisition of a decentralized onchain options AI-powered platform, Derive.

Derive, known for its innovative structured product offerings, has quickly gained recognition in the DeFi space for bringing intuitive and institutional-grade financial tools to the blockchain.

By integrating Derive’s front-end expertise and RWA strategies with Synthetix’ robust derivatives and liquidity infrastructure, Synthetix is positioned to accelerate the adoption of decentralized derivatives trading.

The strategic acquisition marks a significant step forward in Synthetix’s mission to launch the most renowned decentralized derivatives exchange on Ethereum Mainnet.

Under the terms of the agreement, Synthetix has proposed to acquire Derive in a token to token transaction.

The exchange ratio will be 27 $DRV <> 1 $SNX, reflecting an approximate $27 million valuation. This transaction is subject to approval from both the Synthetix and Derive community votes, taking place next week.

The acquisition is structured as a token-based merger, with Derive’s community and contributors joining Synthetix governance. The combined team will continue delivering on the Synthetix V4 roadmap and roll out options markets later this year.

“We’re combining the best onchain derivatives stack in DeFi – Derive, with one of the most iconic DeFi projects in its history – Synthetix.

“This deal will get maximum leverage out of Derive’s technical stack, and bring us closer to our shared goal of accelerating the adoption of decentralised derivatives.

“This is just the beginning, and we can’t wait to see the impact of this team up on the market,” the founder of Derive, Mr Nick Forster, stated.

“The acquisition of Derive marks a significant milestone in Synthetix’s pursuit of developing the most robust decentralized derivatives platform in the crypto ecosystem.

“We are delighted to welcome Derive into the Synthetix family, leveraging our combined expertise to drive innovation and accelerate the launch of a comprehensive decentralized derivatives platform on Ethereum,” Mr Benjamin Celermajer of Synthetix stated.

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Relief Across Markets as US-China Agree to Trade Deal

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us china trade deal

By Adedapo Adesanya

The global markets are experiencing relief as the United States and China, the world’s two largest economies, have agreed to slash tariffs on each other, to ease effects of a trade war.

Speaking after talks with Chinese officials in Geneva, US Treasury Secretary, Mr Scott Bessent told reporters that the two sides had reached a deal for a 90-day pause on measures.

US trade representative Jamieson Greer said so-called reciprocal tariffs were now at 10 per cent each.

Business Post reports that in real terms, the deal means the US is reducing its 145 per cent tariff announced by President Donald Trump to 30 per cent on Chinese goods.

A tariff of 20 per cent had been implemented on China when President Trump took office over what his administration said was a failure to stop illegal drugs entering the US.

China has agreed to reduce its 125 per cent retaliatory tariffs to 10 per cent on US goods.

Sector-specific tariffs, such as the 25 per cent tax on cars, aluminium and steel, remain in place.

Last month, President Trump announced a 90-day pause on the reciprocal tarrifs. However, China was the only country exempt from the pause on the retaliatory tariffs above the base 10 per cent levies.

The development had impacted many markets across the world from stocks to oil to bonds and minerals.

Mr Bessent said after a weekend of negotiations in Switzerland, the countries had a mechanism for continued talks.

It is the second major trade announcement made by the US in the last week, after a deal was secured with the United Kingdom on Thursday.

The move signals a willingness from the Americans to make deals on tariffs.

The news was received positively by major markets.

Brent crude is currently up 2.9 per cent to $65.78 per barrel while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) is up 3.1 per cent to $62.91 a barrel.

Asian stock markets on Monday as major indexes were up. In China, the Shanghai Composite stock index rose 0.8 per cent, the Shenzhen Component gained 1.7 per cent, and Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index was up nearly 3 per cent.

Korea’s Kospi grew 1.1 per cent, Japan’s Nikkei was up 0.8 per cent while India’s Nifty 50 index of most valuable companies gained more than 3 per cent, as per Sky News.

CNBC reports that US stocks look set to rise on the open, based on after-hours trading. Wall Street’s tech-heavy Nasdaq is expected to rise by 3.3 per cent, and the S&P 500 index of companies relied on to be stable and profitable by 2.5 per cent.

Mr Bessent also said, “As long as there is good faith effort, engagement and constructive dialogue, then we will keep moving forward,” in response to questions from journalists.

The market will await further developments and possible ease to recent headwinds.

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American Robert Prevost Emerges as New Pope 

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Robert Prevost

By Adedapo Adesanya

The new pope of the Catholic Church has been revealed as Robert Prevost of the United States, the first American pontiff in history.

Following his emergence, he will be known as Pope Leo XIV.

Voting commenced on Wednesday, and after three rounds of black smoke, white smoke billowed above the Sistine Chapel on Thursday evening.

This is the signal that cardinals had selected a new pontiff on the second day of the conclave.

Prevost, age 69, from Chicago, Illinois, is a leader with global experience. He spent much of his career as a missionary in South America and served as a Bishop in Peru. He most recently led a powerful Vatican office for bishop appointments. He is expected to build on Pope Francis’ reforms.

There were 133 voting cardinals, who had all been sequestered inside the Vatican during the conclave. Any one of them needed two-thirds of the vote to become the next pope.

“Peace be with you all,” said Leo XIV in his first remarks as pope.

“This is the first greetings of the resurrected Christ, the good shepherd who has given up his life for God,” he said, explaining the choice of his greeting. “And I should also like this greeting of peace to enter our hearts and our families.”

Leo XIV looked visibly emotional as he waved to the adoring crowd in the square below the balcony.

A leader with global experience, he spent much of his career as a missionary in South America and most recently led a powerful Vatican office for bishop appointments. He is expected to build on Pope Francis’ reforms.

He worked for a decade in Trujillo, Peru, and was later appointed bishop of Chiclayo, another Peruvian city, where he served from 2014 to 2023.

Prevost also holds a Peruvian passport and has been a Peruvian citizen since 2015.

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