World
Swaziland, Chile Ratify Trade Facilitation Agreement

By Modupe Gbadeyanka
Chile and Swaziland have ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). Their submission of the instruments of acceptance to the WTO on 21 November means that nearly 90 per cent of the ratifications needed to bring the TFA into force have now been received
Concluded at the WTO’s 2013 Bali Ministerial Conference, the TFA contains provisions for expediting the movement, release and clearance of goods, including goods in transit.
It also sets out measures for effective cooperation between customs and other appropriate authorities on trade facilitation and customs compliance issues. It further contains provisions for technical assistance and capacity building in this area.
Chile’s WTO ambassador Héctor Casanueva and Swaziland’s WTO ambassador Njabuliso Busisiwe Gwebu submitted their respective country’s instrument of acceptance to WTO Director-General Roberto Azevêdo, making them the 97th and 98th WTO members to do so.
Swaziland is the 13th least developed country (LDC) to have presented its instrument of ratification. On 23 July 2014, Chile submitted its Category A notification to the WTO outlining which substantive provisions of the TFA it intends to implement upon entry into force of the Agreement. Swaziland is still to do so.
The TFA will enter into force once two-thirds of the WTO membership has formally accepted the Agreement.
In addition to Chile and Swaziland, the following WTO members have also accepted the TFA: Hong Kong China, Singapore, the United States, Mauritius, Malaysia, Japan, Australia, Botswana, Trinidad and Tobago, the Republic of Korea, Nicaragua, Niger, Belize, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei, China, Liechtenstein, Lao PDR, New Zealand, Togo, Thailand, the European Union (on behalf of its 28 member states), the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Pakistan, Panama, Guyana, Côte d’Ivoire, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Kenya, Myanmar, Norway, Viet Nam, Brunei, Ukraine, Zambia, Lesotho, Georgia, Seychelles, Jamaica, Mali, Cambodia, Paraguay, Turkey, Brazil, Macao China, the United Arab Emirates, Samoa, India, the Russian Federation, Montenegro, Albania, Kazakhstan, Sri Lanka, St. Kitts and Nevis, Madagascar, the Republic of Moldova, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Iceland.
The TFA broke new ground for developing countries and LDCs in the way it will be implemented. For the first time in WTO history, the requirement to implement the Agreement was directly linked to the capacity of the country to do so. In addition, the Agreement states that assistance and support should be provided to help them achieve that capacity.
A Trade Facilitation Agreement Facility (TFAF) was also created at the request of developing and least-developed country members to help ensure that they receive the assistance needed to reap the full benefits of the TFA and to support the ultimate goal of full implementation of the new agreement by all members.
On June 8, the WTO hosted an experience-sharing event to help members identify best practices and the challenges faced by WTO members in establishing or maintaining national trade facilitation committees.
It was the first such event to discuss how best to implement specific commitments under the TFA. Experts from more than 20 countries and five international organizations made presentations at the workshop; the presentations and other information on the event are available here.
Implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement has the potential to increase global merchandise exports by up to $1 trillion per annum, according to the WTO’s flagship World Trade Report released on 26 October 2015. Significantly, the Report also found that developing countries will benefit significantly from the TFA, capturing more than half of the available gains.
World
Dangote to Invest $1bn in Cement, Power Plants, Fuel Pipeline in Zimbabwe
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigerian businessman, Mr Aliko Dangote, has finalised plans to invest as much as $1 billion in Zimbabwe. This would be used to build cement and power plants as well as a fuel pipeline in the country.
The industrialist disclosed this during a meeting with the President of Zimbabwe, Mr Emmerson Mnangagwa, in Harare on Wednesday.
Mr Dangote had previously expressed interest in investing in Zimbabwe in 2015 but the deals stalled.
The Nigerian, who operates cement companies in 10 countries, planned to build a $400 million cement plant with processing capacity of 1.5 million tons a year. The deal, along with others proposed at the time, failed to materialize after talks with then-President Robert Mugabe.
Now, with the green light from the late president’s predecessor, Mr Dangote is adding Zimbabwe to his list of investment destinations, which span several countries across the continent from Ethiopia to Zambia.
Speaking to reporters on Wednesday, Mr Dangote lauded the Zimbabwe leader for turning “the economy around,” adding, “That really gave us the confidence that this is the right time for us to come and invest.”
Mr Dangote has diversified interests in cement, sugar, fertiliser, oil and gas, and other sectors. He has a net worth of $29.8 billion, according to the latest Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
According to reports, details around mining concessions, tax incentives, and investment guarantees, we’re discussed between the tycoon and the Zimbabwean leader.
The deal, which has been in the works for several months, picked up pace during the Afreximbank annual meetings held in Abuja in June.
In June, both sides managed to resolve key sticking points and outline the next steps toward implementation.
Harare-based Bard Santner Markets Incorporated facilitated the negotiations, led by CEO Senziwani Sikhosana and investment facilitator Josephine Mahachi.
On the government side, presidential investment adviser, Mr Paul Tungwarara was credited with steering the process, ensuring that all policy and regulatory approvals stay on track.
Dangote Cement Plc is Africa’s largest cement producer and has production capacity of over 50 million tonnes annually across multiple countries.
World
Medar Boquete Becomes First Congolese to Receive Pushkin Medal
By Kestér Kenn Klomegâh
November 2025, will go down in history as a significant date for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Free University of Kinshasa (ULK). During the official ceremony presenting state awards and prizes of the President of the Russian Federation in the Kremlin, Medar Bompoko Boquete, Chairman of the Executive Board of the Free University of Kinshasa (ULK), was awarded the Pushkin Medal, becoming the first Congolese to receive this prestigious award.
The Pushkin Medal, established in the Russian Federation, is one of the most renowned awards in the fields of culture, education, and the humanities. It is awarded to individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of cultural and educational ties with Russia, as well as to strengthening friendship and international cooperation. This award highlights the importance of academic, linguistic, and cultural exchanges in strengthening ties between Russia and African countries.
Medar Bompoko Boquete was recognized for his contribution to the promotion of the Russian language and culture at ULK, as well as for his active work in strengthening educational and cultural ties between the DR Congo and Russia. For several years, he has promoted student and faculty exchanges, scientific cooperation, and knowledge sharing between the countries, contributing to the international recognition of the DR Congo.
The ceremony, held as part of the National Unity Day celebrations, brought together distinguished Russian and international representatives. The awarding of the Pushkin Medal to an African scholar, and in particular the first Congolese, is a powerful symbol of intercultural dialogue and mutual respect between countries. It also demonstrates the key role of education and culture in strengthening diplomatic and social ties on the international stage.
Award Details:
Awardee: Medar Bompoko Boquete
Position: Chairman of the Executive Board, Free University of Kinshasa (ULK)
Award: Pushkin Medal
Reason for the Award: Contribution to strengthening cultural and educational unity and developing cultural ties between the DR Congo and Russia
Award Location: The Kremlin, Moscow, Russia
This official recognition from Russia is not only a personal honor for Medar Bompoko Boquete but also an important symbol for the DR Congo, demonstrating the country’s achievements in education, culture, and scientific cooperation. The award opens new opportunities for academic and cultural interaction between Congolese and Russian institutions and inspires future generations to develop similar initiatives.
The awarding of the Pushkin Medal to Medar Bompoko Boquete was a historic event in relations between the DR Congo and Russia and symbolizes the long-term strengthening of cultural and educational ties between the two countries.
World
Amnesty International Calls for Internet Restoration as Crisis Grips Tanzania
By Adedapo Adesanya
Human rights group, Amnesty International, has called for restoration of internet services following shutdown by Tanzanian authorities following the country’s general elections on October 29.
Authorities imposed nationwide internet restrictions on election day disrupting mobile data services and blocking access to social media platforms across major networks.
The October 29 vote handed President Samia Suluhu Hassan a second term with over 97 per cent of the votes.
She was sworn in after the disputed polls on Monday. Protests have since rocked the East African country.
On Monday November 3, Tanzanians reported partial resumption in some cities, but this has impacted the country’s economy, disrupting bank operations and communication.
In a statement, Amnesty International’s Deputy Director for East and Southern Africa, Mr Vongai Chikwanda, called for the return of full internet services in the country.
“For close to a week now, many people in Tanzania have suffered nationwide internet and electricity shutdowns. Amnesty International is particularly alarmed by reports that amidst the blackouts, security forces have used excessive force to suppress and disperse ongoing post-election protests, resulting in the deaths and injuries of protesters.
“This is the third time in less than a year that Tanzanian authorities have resorted to an internet blockade to silence dissenting voices. Authorities must immediately refrain from suppressing protests and instead respect, protect, and facilitate the right to peaceful assembly. They must immediately and unconditionally release all those arrested solely for exercising their right to peaceful assembly.”
So far, over 700 people have been reportedly killed by post-election violence in the East African nation.
The group said Tanzanian authorities should “promptly, thoroughly, independently, impartially, transparently and effectively investigate all killings by security agents and bring to justice in fair trials those suspected of being responsible.”
“Authorities must also provide victims and their families with access to justice and effective remedies,” it added.
“The authorities must also allow both local and international media to freely report on the human rights situation in the country and refrain from restricting access to information, both online and offline including by immediately restoring internet access and access to basic public services. The ongoing restrictions are making it difficult to verify information, and to document election-related human rights violations.”
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