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Economy

Nigeria Suffers Third Consecutive Quarterly Trade Deficit

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By Adedapo Adesanya

For the third consecutive quarter, Nigeria has recorded a negative trade balance or trade deficit, recent data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) has revealed.

Business Post reports that the trade balance, also known as the balance of trade (BOT), is the difference between the value of imports and exports of a country in a period.

According to the NBS, in the second quarter of 2020, the trade balance of Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy, recorded a deficit of N1.8 trillion.

This was because, in the period under review, the total value of exports in Nigeria stood at N2.2 trillion, while the value of imports stood at N4.0 trillion in Q2 2020.

In the first quarter of 2020, the country suffered a trade deficit of N421.3 billion, while in the fourth quarter of 2019, the trade deficit was N579.1 billion.

In the Foreign Trade in Good Statistics report for Q2 2020 released by the stats office on Wednesday, the total value of trades between April and June this year stood at N6.2 trillion, lower than the N8.6 trillion recorded both in Q1 2020 and Q2 2019.

A critical look at the export component of the trades in the second quarter of this year showed that mineral products accounted for the largest portion of exports, amounting to N1.9 trillion mainly due to the crude oil component. It was followed by vehicles aircraft and parts (N221.2 billion) and others.

Analysis of export by region revealed that Nigeria exported most products to Europe (N976.5 billion), followed by Asia (N734.1 billion), Africa (N401.4 billion), America (N105.8 billion) and Oceania (N1.7 billion). Within Africa, goods worth N149.3 billion were exported to ECOWAS member states.

For the destination of the exported products by country, Spain accounted for the highest valued (N310.8 billion), followed by the Netherlands (N243.7billion), China (N220.4 billion), India (N195.6 billion) and South Africa (N172.2).

An analysis of the imports showed that the fall in value in Q2 2020 was due to the decrease in the value of mineral fuels (N1.0 trillion), machinery and transport equipment (N147.2 billion) and miscellaneous manufactured articles (N157.5 billion) against their respective values in Quarter 1, 2020.

The structure of imports under this category showed that machinery and transport equipment accounted for the largest share of imports, at N1.6 trillion of total imports, followed by chemicals and related products, valued at N776.3 billion and food and live animals worth N648.6 billion among others.

The agency said during the quarter, Nigeria imported goods mainly from Asia worth N2.1 trillion. Other imports originated from Europe worth N1.1 trillion, while imports from America and Africa amounted to N605.2 billion and N174 billion respectively. Also, import from Oceania stood at N50.6 billion, while goods valued at N31.1 billion originated from ECOWAS.

By country, goods were mainly imported from China and they were worth (N1.3 trillion, while United States accounted for N428.9 billion, with India accounting for N322.3 billion, and the Netherlands accounting for N202.9 billion.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

Economy

Gains in Sovereign Trust Insurance, Aradel Lift Stock Exchange by 0.26%

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By Dipo Olowookere

The last trading session of the week on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited ended on a positive note with a 0.26 per cent growth on Friday.

It was the first trading day after the two-day break observed on Wednesday and Thursday for Sallah celebrations by Muslims.

Market participants returned to Customs Street yesterday in high spirits, though keeping an eye on happenings in the macroeconomic environment.

This resulted in the market breadth index closing bearish after recording 32 price gainers and 33 price losers, implying weak investor sentiment.

Sovereign Trust Insurance and Zichis gained 10.00 per cent each to sell for N2.75 and N33.00 apiece, International Energy Insurance rose by 9.98 per cent to N4.52, McNichols grew by 9.85 per cent to N8.70, and Aradel Holdings increased by 9.59 per cent to N1,933.80.

Conversely, the trio of CAP, Austin Lax, and Premier Paints lost 10.00 per cent each to settle at N179.10, N3.96, and N33.75 apiece, LivingTrust Mortgage Bank decreased by 9.89 per cent to N4.01, and John Holt fell by 9.84 per cent to N16.95.

As for the performance of the key market sectors yesterday, the banking space shed 2.51 per cent, the consumer goods index depleted by 1.26 per cent, and the industrial goods sector tumbled by 0.05 per cent.

However, bargain-hunting raised the energy segment by 4.38 per cent and lifted the insurance counter by 0.86 per cent.

Consequently, the All-Share Index (ASI) closed higher by 646.63 points to 250,385.47 points from 249,738.84 points, and the market capitalisation improved by N415 billion to N160.509 trillion from N160.094 trillion.

A total of 1.2 billion stocks worth N43.4 billion exchanged hands in 93,626 deals during the session compared with the 564.1 million stocks valued at N27.2 billion traded in 65,666 deals in the preceding session. This showed that the trading volume, value, and number of deals went up by 112.73 per cent, 59.56 per cent, and 42.58 per cent, respectively.

Fidelity Bank ended the day as the busiest equity with a turnover of 483.0 million units valued at N8.7 billion, Access Holdings transacted 133.3 million units worth N3.2 billion, The Initiates sold 81.7 million units for N2.2 billion, Chams exchanged 43.9 million units valued at N173.8 million, and Dangote Sugar traded 28.4 million units worth N2.0 billion.

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Economy

Naira Strengthens Marginally to N1,375.25/$ in Official Market

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The Naira returned from a two-day break on Friday, May 29, stronger against the United States Dollar by 16 Kobo or 0.01 per cent in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX), trading at N1,375.25/$1 compared with N1,375.41/$1 it was exchanged on Tuesday.

The local currency also appreciated in the same market window against the Pound Sterling during the trading session by N3.62 to sell for N1,848.62/£1 versus N1,852.26/£1, but lost N2.16 against the Euro to close at N1,601.48/€1 compared with the previous rate of N1,599.32/€1.

The official forex market was closed on Wednesday and Thursday for the Sallah break.

A look at the GTBank FX desk showed that the Naira gained N4 against the Dollar yesterday to quote at N1,379/$1, in contrast to Tuesday’s closing value of N1,383/$1, and at the black market, it improved its value by N5 to N1,380/$1 versus the preceding session’s N1,385/$1.

Market analysts noted that the Nigerian Naira outlook remains stable, citing the latest round of FX inflows, which have lifted gross external reserves to $49.259 billion. Some projected that the domestic currency will close the first half of 2026 stronger as the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) continues to inject FX inflows into the official market.

Also supporting expected stability is the continued government signal of growth. In his third year in office, in a speech on Friday, President Bola Tinubu inherited severe economic and structural challenges in 2023, including exchange-rate distortions, which he said have since been reformed.

“Multiple exchange rate windows and forex arbitrage created massive distortions, with Nigeria losing more than N8 trillion over three years to rent-seeking and speculative practices.”

According to the president, the situation required urgent and courageous decisions to avert a deeper economic crisis and fiscal collapse.

In the cryptocurrency market, US-Iran ceasefire hopes have failed to pull Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) higher, with the two largest cryptocurrencies losing almost 3 per cent as cooling spot bitcoin ETF inflows reinforced the pullback. BTC dropped 0.3 per cent to sell for $73,456.95, while ETH dipped 0.1 per cent to trade at $2,013.29.

Further, TRON (TRX) went down by 2.1 per cent to $0.3427, and Cardano (ADA) dipped 0.4 per cent to close at $0.2348.

On the other hand, Binance Coin (BNB) jumped 4.7 per cent to $667.52, Ripple (XRP) grew by 2.00 per cent to $1.34, and Solana (SOL) expanded by 0.1 per cent to $82.27, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) remained unchanged at $1.00 each.

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Economy

Possible Ease in Middle East Tensions Calms Crude Oil Market by Over 2%

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The crude oil market shrank by more than 2 per cent on Friday as traders awaited a possible ceasefire deal among the United States, Israel and Iran.

Brent crude ‌settled at $92.05 a barrel after it lost $1.66 or 1.8 per cent, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) finished at $87.36 a barrel, down $1.54 or 1.7 per cent.

The latest reports as of Friday suggest that the US and Iran are set to extend the ceasefire, which will include the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz. However, such an extension would need to be endorsed by U.S. President Donald Trump.

The US and Iran reportedly reached ​a tentative agreement on Thursday ⁠to extend a ceasefire and lift restrictions on shipping through the Strait of Hormuz.

The three-month war between the US and Iran has been marked ​by frequent chatter of an impending end to the conflict that would open the crucial Strait of Hormuz, used to ​transit one-fifth of the world’s oil and gas supply. Even with both sides suggesting an agreement was forthcoming, ⁠their characterisations of the deal were still somewhat different.

The closure of the waterway has driven energy prices sharply higher worldwide. Recent sessions have been volatile, with swings by as much as $6 for both ​benchmarks on conflicting signals over a potential reopening of the strait.

Traffic through the maritime chokepoint remains a small fraction of levels before the conflict, with analysts saying a reopening ​of the waterway would offer some immediate relief to the oil market, but a recovery is ​still uncertain.

Japan, which relies ⁠heavily on oil from the Middle East, last month registered a 66 per cent drop in crude oil imports compared with April last year.

Prices plunged by 19 per cent in May as traders and speculators bet on an extended ceasefire and an eventual US-Iran deal despite the biggest physical supply disruption in history. The slump in prices in May follows the biggest monthly surge in history in April, when oil rallied amid the worst supply disruption ever.

Traders spent most of the week looking beyond current supply shortages and focusing on the possibility that a ceasefire agreement could eventually bring barrels back to market, leading to selloffs.

US crude, petrol, and distillate stockpiles fell ​last week, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), as demand from refiners and consumers rose, while exports fell by 1.16 million barrels per day to 4.4 million barrels per day.

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