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CBN to Regulate Use of Short Codes for Transactions by Banks, Others

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By Modupe Gbadeyanka

As part of efforts to curb fraud through the use of short codes in the financial system in the country, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has released draft of regulatory framework for Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD).

In a statement issued by the Director of Banking & Payments System Department, Mr ‘Dipo Fatokun, the apex bank said it was coming up with the framework in furtherance of its mandate for the development of the electronic payments system in Nigeria.

The CBN said it would welcome inputs from stakeholders in the industry on or before Thursday, September 21, 2017.

The central bank noted that, “The mobile phone has become a veritable tool for enhancing financial inclusion with the advent of mobile payments, m-commerce, m-banking and other implementation for financial transactions based on mobile telephony.”

It also said, “The providers of mobile-based financial services have options of adopting varying technologies for enabling access and transmitting data including Short Messaging Service (SMS), Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), Interactive Voice Response (IVR) and Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), stand-alone mobile application clients, and SIM Tool Kit (STK).”

The apex bank disclosed that recently, providers of mobile telephony-based financial transactions are increasingly adopting the USSD technology while the range of services supported by their mobile transaction services using the USSD channel is broadening rapidly.

Among financial services provided through the channel include account opening, balance and other enquiries, money transfers, airtime vending, bill payment, internet/mobile banking detail retrieval and one-time password.

The USSD technology is a protocol used by the GSM network to communicate with a service provider’s platform. It is a session based, real time messaging communication technology which is accessed through a string which starts normally with asterisk (*) and ends with a hash (#).

It is implemented as interactive menu driven service or command service. It has a shorter turnaround time than SMS, and unlike SMS, it does not operate by store and forward which indicates that data are neither stored on the mobile phone or on the application. USSD technology Is considered cost effective, more user-friendly, faster in concluding transactions, and handset agnostic.

According to the apex bank, “This framework seeks to establish the rules and risk mitigation considerations when implementing USSD for financial services offering in Nigeria.”

As regard dispute resolution, the CBN said in the framework that financial institutions “shall be responsible for setting up dispute resolution mechanism to facilitate resolution of customers’ complaints.”

It further said they shall treat and resolve any customer related issues within 48 hours, warning that “non-compliance shall be subject to penalty, as may be prescribed by the CBN, from time to time.

“The CBN shall impose appropriate sanctions for any contravention on any financial institutions that fails to comply with this framework,” the bank said.

According to the framework, those eligible to use the USSD for financial services in the country are mobile money operators, who are eligible for issuance from the Nigeria Communications Commission (NCC) after meeting the necessary requirements of the NCC for the issuance; and others who would need a letter of comfort from the CBN before being considered for issuance of the short codes by the NCC.

Modupe Gbadeyanka is a fast-rising journalist with Business Post Nigeria. Her passion for journalism is amazing. She is willing to learn more with a view to becoming one of the best pen-pushers in Nigeria. Her role models are the duo of CNN's Richard Quest and Christiane Amanpour.

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Banking

GTCO Sustains Profitability Momentum With N300.4bn PBT in Q1 2025

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Segun Agbaje GTCO

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

One of the leading financial service providers in Africa, Guaranty Trust Holding Company (GTCO) Plc, maintained a solid performance in the first quarter of 2025, with the key performance indicators on the upward trajectory.

In the unaudited consolidated and separate financial statements for the period ended March 31, 2025, to the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited and the London Stock Exchange (LSE), the company reported a profit before tax of N300.4 billion, driven by a 41.1 per cent surge in interest income and a 41.2 per cent increase in fee income, which enabled GTCO to douse the impact of the N331.6 billion fair value gains recognised in Q1-2024, which did not recur in this period.

Further, the organisation improved its net loan book by 15.6 per cent year-to-date to N3.22 trillion from N2.79 trillion in December 2024, as deposit liabilities grew by 7.7 per cent during the same period to N11.20 trillion from N10.40 trillion.

In addition, the group recorded growths across all its asset lines and continues to maintain a robust, well-structured, highly de-risked, and well-diversified balance sheet in all the jurisdictions wherein it operates.

Total assets and shareholders’ funds closed at N15.9 trillion and N3.0 trillion, respectively, with Full Impact Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) remaining very robust and strong at 34.6 per cent.

Also, asset quality improved as evidenced by IFRS 9 Stage 3 Loans which closed at 3.3 per cent at bank level and 4.5 per cent at group in Q1-2025 as Cost of Risk (COR) closed at 0.4 per cent from 4.9 per cent in December 2024.

A look at the key financial ratios showed that the Pre-Tax Return on Equity (ROAE) stood at 42.2 per cent, Pre-Tax Return on Assets (ROAA) was at 7.8 per cent, Full Impact Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) at 34.6 per cent and Cost to Income ratio at 29.0 per cent.

“Our Q1 2025 performance reflects the strength of all our business verticals and our capacity to generate strong and sustainable earnings.

“While the fair value gains of N331.6 billion reported in Q1 2024 did not recur this quarter, the Group recorded solid growth across most income lines, underpinned by a diversified revenue base and a healthy, well-structured balance sheet.

“We remain optimistic about the year ahead. The fundamentals of our business are strong, our customer base continues to grow, and we are executing with discipline across our strategic priorities.

“Importantly, at this pace, the group is well-positioned to deliver the full year PBT of 2024 at the very minimum by the end of the 2025 FYE,” the chief executive of GTCO, Mr Segun Agbaje, said.

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Banking

Onafriq, Circle Enable Remittances, Cross-border Payments with USDC

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Onafriq Circle USDC

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A move has been taken to allow cross-border payments and remittances through a stablecoin, USDC.

This is a product of collaboration between Africa’s largest payments gateway, Onafriq, and a leader in the stablecoin market and issuer of the popular USDC, Circle.

The partnership leverages stablecoins and blockchain infrastructure to boost Onafriq’s payment network, positioning it at the forefront of the digital payment’s revolution for real-world financial applications.

This collaboration is a major step toward a more inclusive and self-reliant pan-African financial system. It signals a new phase in the modernisation of African payment rails – one where blockchain technology is applied responsibly, in lockstep with regulators and financial institutions, to build a faster, more efficient, and economically empowering future for the continent.

“Our partnership with Circle is an important milestone, reinforcing Onafriq’s commitment to harnessing technology to remove complexity from cross-border payments.

“By integrating USDC, we aim to simplify financial transactions for institutions and individuals, reduce costs, and strengthen trust.

“This collaboration underscores our vision to democratise access to payments and drive financial inclusion across the globe. We’re not just envisioning the future of payments – we’re actively building it,” the chief executive of Onafriq, Mr Dare Okoudjou, said.

On her part, the Vice President for the Middle East and Africa at Circle, Ms Miriam Kiwan, said, “The emerging markets that Onafriq serves hold tremendous potential for digital asset innovation, particularly in the adoption of stablecoins for cross-border payments.

“Our partnership with Onafriq aligns perfectly with Circle’s mission to promote financial inclusion and improve efficiency in areas where traditional banking has often been costly and inaccessible.

“Together, we aim to transform how money moves across borders, offering secure and transparent digital payment rails that enhance economic empowerment and connectivity.”

Currently, over 80 per cent of intra-African payments are routed through correspondent banks outside the continent and settled in foreign currencies such as the US dollar or Euro.

This results in a staggering $5 billion in transaction fees annually and undermines economic integration efforts.

Onafriq and Circle are working together to change this paradigm by piloting the use of USDC-powered settlement solutions into Onafriq’s network, which connects over 500 wallets and 200 million bank accounts in more than 40 African markets.

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Banking

ECOWAS, Ecobank Organise Solar Energy Training for 100 Entrepreneurs

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Ecobank off-grid solar energy

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

At least 100 entrepreneurs in Lagos and Abuja gathered recently for a training backed by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), in collaboration with Ecobank Nigeria and the World Bank.

The off-grid photovoltaic solar energy workshop was part of efforts of the organisations to make electricity accessible to many citizens.

It was gathered that the training was also to ensure that stakeholders in the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector get alternative power supply.

This initiative forms part of the Regional Off-Grid Electricity Access Project (ROGEAP), which seeks to promote the development of a regional market for standalone solar energy systems.

ROGEAP is funded by the World Bank, with additional support from the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) and the Directorate General of International Cooperation (DGIS) of the Government of the Netherlands.

At the three-day Entrepreneurship Business Training held in Lagos, the Senior Adviser at the ECOWAS Commission’s ROGEAP, Mr El Hadji Sylla, noted that Nigerian SMEs have already benefited from grants totalling $800,000 under the project, aimed at increasing participation in the off-grid solar energy value chain.

Mr Sylla explained that the capacity-building workshops, conducted in both Abuja and Lagos, were designed to enhance the technical and financial capabilities of SMEs focused on solar energy. The objective is to better position these businesses for growth and long-term sustainability in the renewable energy sector.

He also stated that ECOWAS is in discussions with Ecobank Group to establish mechanisms that would allow the bank to offer both technical and financial support to SMEs in the solar energy ecosystem. This includes extending direct credit lines to eligible businesses.

According to him, the first component of ROGEAP—led by the ECOWAS Commission—centers on the creation of a strong regional market for off-grid solar solutions. A key strategy involves equipping SMEs with the skills to develop technically sound and financially viable projects that meet commercial lending standards.

“This year, we have worked closely with Ecobank Nigeria to align solar-focused SME portfolios with the bank’s financing requirements.

“Our goal is to ensure that the submitted projects are not only technically feasible but also bankable,” Sylla said.

Also speaking at the event, Salamatu Baba Tunwzang, Team Lead at ROGEAP’s Entrepreneurship Support Facilities, emphasized that the program goes beyond technical training. She highlighted that participating SMEs are also being prepared to access ROGEAP grants and other funding opportunities.

“When businesses join our network, they gain access to both technical assistance and financial resources,” she said. “We also build the capacity of technical installers, who can equally benefit from these opportunities. It’s a comprehensive support system—they receive funding, technical training, market intelligence, and valuable networking opportunities for collaboration.”

In his remarks, Managing Director of Ecobank Nigeria, Bolaji Lawal, reiterated the vital role SMEs play in driving economic sustainability and inclusion. Represented by Otega Aghogho Odjegna, Regional Head for the Apapa-Isolo Region, Lawal described SMEs as the “lifeblood of any economy,” pointing out that they contribute over 80 percent of employment across West Africa.

He further noted that this initiative aligns with Ecobank’s ELLEVATE program and the Single Market Trade Hub, both of which aim to equip SMEs with tailored financial solutions, digital tools, and strategic insights to help them scale and compete in broader markets.

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