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Fitch Downgrades Union Bank’s National Rating to ‘BBB-(nga)’

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By Dipo Olowookere

The National Long-Term Rating of Union Bank of Nigeria Plc’s BBB(nga) has been downgraded to BBB-(nga) by Fitch Ratings.

In a statement issued by the rating agency, it however, said the lender’s Long-Term Issuer Default Rating (IDR) has been affirmed at ‘B-‘ with stable outlook.

Fitch said the downgrade of Union Bank’s National Long-Term Rating mainly reflects its view of weaker asset quality relative to Nigerian peers’, as highlighted by the bank’s disclosure under IFRS 9.

According to the statement released on Tuesday, the rating company said the IDRs of Union Bank are driven by its standalone creditworthiness, as defined by its Viability Rating (VR).

Union Bank’s VR, as with that of other Nigerian banks, is highly conditioned by Nigeria’s operating environment, with the fragile economic recovery restraining banks’ growth prospects and asset quality, Fitch said.

It added that the financial institution’s VR further reflects a moderate franchise, weak profitability, severe loan-quality problems and adequate capitalisation, funding and liquidity.

However, it noted that the stable outlook reflects Fitch’s base case expectation that Union Bank’s credit profile is unlikely to change significantly over the next one-to-two years.

Union Bank’s operations are concentrated in Nigeria and the lender accounted for 4 percent of banking system assets at end-2017.

Union Bank’s stock of impaired loans is declining, the statement noted, as is its exposure to the troubled oil sector. However, the bank’s impaired loans (stage 3 loans under IFRS 9) ratio (24% at end-1H18) is very high compared with the 9.4% average for rated Nigerian banks, driven primarily by its oil sector exposure, it added. Stage 2 loans measured at a further 30 percent of gross loans at end-1H18. Reserve coverage of impaired loans (32% at end-1H18) is low, reflecting management’s view of collateral on impaired loans, Fitch said.

Furthermore, the rating firm said Union Bank is exposed to large credit concentrations. The 20-largest loans measured at 71 percent of gross loans and 128 percent of Fitch Core Capital (FCC) at end-1H18. The volatile oil sector represented 45 percent of Union Bank’s gross loans at end-1H18.

Union Bank’s operating profit/risk-weighted assets ratio was 1.8 percent in 2017 (compared with rated-banks average of 4 percent), which is weak by emerging market standards.

The bank has a high net interest margin, but this is offset by a high cost-income ratio and large loan impairment charges that have eroded around 55 percent to 65 percent of pre-impairment operating profit in recent years.

Capital metrics are somewhat better than similarly-sized peers’, having improved following a rights issue in 2017, Fitch said. However, as a result of IFRS 9 implementation from this year, Union Bank’s FCC ratio declined to 24 percent at end-1H18 (end-2017: 31 percent), the company added.

Union Bank’s high FCC ratio must be considered in the context of the bank’s large unreserved impaired loans, which measured at 45 percent of FCC at end-1H18.

Union Bank benefits from a strong retail deposit base, which accounted for 52 percent of customer deposits at end-1H18, providing an inexpensive source of stable funding. Single-depositor concentration is in line with peers’, with Union’s 20-largest deposits accounting for 21% of the total at end-1H18. Union Bank’s loans/customer deposits ratio (62 percent at end-1H18) sits at the lower end of the peer group.

Foreign-currency liquidity has been tight in recent years, with Union Bank restructuring some trade finance obligations with international correspondent banks in 2015 and 2016. Foreign-currency liquidity pressures have eased and are no longer a significant rating weakness.

Fitch said it believes that sovereign support to Nigerian banks cannot be relied upon given Nigeria’s weak ability to provide support, particularly in foreign currency. In addition, it said there are no clear messages of support from the authorities regarding their willingness to support the banking system.

“Therefore, the Support Rating (SR) and Support Rating Floor (SRF) are ‘5’ and ‘No Floor’, respectively. This reflects our view that senior creditors cannot rely on receiving full and timely extraordinary support from the Nigerian sovereign if any of the banks become non-viable,” the statement said.

It further noted that Union Bank’s Long-Term IDR is sensitive to a change in the bank’s VR. Downside pressure is most likely to result from a material worsening of impaired loans, including the migration of stage 2 loans into the stage 3 category, putting pressure on capital adequacy. A positive rating action is unlikely in the foreseeable future.

“Union’s National Ratings are sensitive to a change in the bank’s creditworthiness relative to Nigerian peers,” the statement said.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

Banking

How FairMoney Is Powering Financial Inclusion for Nigerian Hustlers

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Financial Inclusion for Nigerian Hustlers

By Margaret Banasko

Urbanization is reshaping Nigeria’s economic landscape, creating new possibilities for millions of young people who relocate each year in search of opportunity. Cities like Lagos, Kano, and Abuja continue to expand as ambitious Nigerians leave their hometowns with the hope of building stable, sustainable livelihoods.

Recent figures highlight the pace of this shift. As of 2024, more than half of Nigeria’s population – around 128 million people – live in urban areas. Many of these individuals are young entrepreneurs and self-employed workers determined to turn their skills, ideas, and hustle into meaningful income. However, navigating the financial requirements needed to sustain and grow a small business is often challenging for those operating in informal or early-stage sectors.

This is where digital financial platforms have become transformational. With only a mobile phone, an internet connection, and a Bank Verification Number (BVN), Nigerians are increasingly able to access a wider range of financial tools designed to support their daily needs and long-term goals. FairMoney is among the institutions driving this progress by offering services that meet people where they are and support their ambition to grow.

Aigbe Osasere’s experience reflects this evolution. He moved from Benin City to Lagos with the goal of establishing a fish farming business in Ijegun, Alimosho. His vision was clear: create a small, efficient operation that could supply fresh fish to local buyers. Like many small business owners, he needed reliable access to funds to purchase fingerlings, buy feed, replace equipment, and maintain steady production. Managing these cycles required financial tools that matched the fast pace of his operations.

Through the FairMoney app, Aigbe gained access to digital banking services immediately after completing BVN verification. The availability of instant loans provided the flexibility he needed to restock quickly and maintain continuous production. For a business model where timing is central to profitability, this support allowed him to keep his operations consistent and responsive to customer demand.

Opening a FairMoney bank account and receiving a physical debit card further strengthened his business structure. Bulk buyers began paying him directly into his account, giving him clearer financial records and better visibility into his daily revenue. With his debit card, he could purchase supplies, withdraw cash conveniently, and manage his finances in a more organized way.

Aigbe also adopted FairMoney’s savings features to help him preserve and grow his earnings. By setting aside a portion of his daily sales, he is gradually building the capital needed to increase his fish tanks, expand his capacity, and move toward a more scalable operation.

Beyond supporting his business, FairMoney has become part of his everyday life. From the app, he sends money to family members, pays bills, buys airtime and data, and settles electricity tokens quickly and efficiently. This convenience allows him to focus more fully on running and growing his business.

Aigbe’s story is one example of how digital banking is broadening access to financial services across Nigeria. Entrepreneurs, freelancers, traders, and young workers are increasingly leveraging digital platforms to manage money, plan for growth, and participate more actively in the financial system.

As more Nigerians pursue self-employment and urban entrepreneurship, tools that offer accessibility, speed, and flexibility are playing an important role in supporting their progress. With FairMoney, many are finding a dependable partner that aligns with their goals, their pace, and their vision for the future.

Margaret Banasko is the Head of Marketing at FairMoney MFB

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Banking

CBN Revokes Operating Licences of Aso Savings, Union Homes

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The operating licences of Aso Savings and Loans Plc and Union Homes Savings and Loans Plc have been revoked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as part of efforts to strengthen the mortgage sub-sector and enforce compliance with banking regulations.

Mortgage banks are financial institutions that provide home loans and other housing finance products, and so, they are strictly regulated by the CBN to protect customers and ensure the stability of Nigeria’s financial system.

According to a post by the Acting Director of Corporate Communications of CBN, Mrs Hakama Ali, on the apex bank’s X handle on Tuesday, the affected institutions were accused of violating several provisions of the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) 2020 and the Revised Guidelines for Mortgage Banks in Nigeria.

The revocation is part of the central bank’s ongoing efforts to maintain a safe and reliable banking sector, protect customers’ deposits, and ensure that only financially sound institutions operate in the mortgage market.

“The breaches included failure to meet the minimum paid-up share capital requirement, insufficient assets to meet liabilities, being critically undercapitalised with a capital adequacy ratio below the prudential minimum, and non-compliance with directives issued by the CBN,” the post noted.

The CBN emphasised that the revocation aligns with its mandate to ensure financial system stability and maintain public confidence in the banking sector, assuring it is committed to promoting a sound and resilient financial system in Nigeria.

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Banking

Sagecom N225bn Case: Apex Court Cuts Fidelity Bank Judgment Debt to N30bn

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Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe Fidelity Bank

By Adedapo Adesanya

A five-member panel of the Supreme Court, led by Justice Lawal Garba, last Friday ruled in favour of Fidelity Bank in its appeal against Sagecom Concepts Limited.

The judgment brings definitive closure to a legacy case that has attracted attention across the financial sector for more than two decades. It also marks a significant victory for Fidelity Bank in a long-running legal dispute.

In a motion dated October 8, 2025, Fidelity Bank sought clarification from the Supreme Court, requesting a consequential order that the judgment debt be paid in Naira. The bank also asked that the interest rate be set at 19.5 per cent per annum rather than 19.5 per cent compounded daily.

It also requested the exchange rate used for conversion be the rate applicable as of the date of the High Court judgment, in line with the Supreme Court’s decision in Anibaba v. Dana Airlines.

Fidelity Bank further requested the judgment debt be fixed at N30,197,286,603.13 and that interest on this amount be payable at 19.5 per cent per annum until full settlement.

In the judgment delivered by Justice Adamu Jauro, the apex court granted the bank’s first three prayers but declined the fourth and fifth. As a result, the judgment sum will be paid in Naira at an annual interest rate of 19.5 per cent, rather than the daily compounded rate previously awarded by the High Court.

The Supreme Court equally affirmed that the applicable exchange rate should be the rate as of the date of the High Court judgment, consistent with its earlier decision in Anibaba v. Dana Airlines.

The dispute originated from a legacy transaction involving the former FSB International Bank, which merged with Fidelity Bank in 2005. It stemmed from a 2002 credit facility extended to G. Cappa Plc and subsequent legal proceedings tied to the collateral.

This ruling provides finality for years of litigation and confirms a significantly lower liability than the N225 billion previously speculated in the review of decisions leading up to the decision.

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