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Why Nigerian Banks Now Prefer Local Bond Issuance to Eurobonds—Fitch

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Nigerian Banks

By Dipo Olowookere

Global rating company, Fitch, has shed light on why banks in Nigeria are now embracing Naira-denominated bonds instead of international bond known as Eurobond.

In a report released few days ago, Fitch attributed the new craze for the local bonds by the lenders to the desire to build capital buffers.

Nigeria is moving towards Basel III, which may get under way this year and is likely to weigh on banks’ regulatory capital ratios.

“We expect banks to bolster their capital by issuing subordinated debt eligible as Tier 2 capital rather than by raising equity. Raising equity could be difficult given the equity market decline in the past year,” the report said.

Banks’ local currency issuance in 2014-2015 was mostly subordinated debt, driven by the need to rebuild regulatory capital positions that had been weakened by deteriorating asset quality.

Issuance plummeted in 2016-2017 following the oil price crash, which led to economic deterioration, weaker credit demand and rapidly worsening asset quality, particularly for oil-related loans.

However, in 2018, issuance recovered when operating conditions started to improve and four banks tapped the market to bolster capital ratios or fund growth, with local currency bonds totalling N233 billion ($640 million) at end-January 2019.

Another reason by Fitch for the new preference for local local-currency issuance is that it diversifies banks’ funding and reduces their foreign-exchange risk.

Though it said the raising of local bonds was credit positive, it stressed that most ratings remain constrained by Nigeria’s operating environment and ‘B+’ sovereign rating.

“The increase in local currency issuance reflects banks’ reduced appetite for foreign-currency lending, their desire to diversify funding given the high cash reserve requirements (CRR) on local currency customer deposits and their need to issue capital securities to meet forthcoming Basel III capital requirements. Investor demand for local currency bonds is mainly domestic, but higher real yields and greater exchange-rate stability could attract foreign interest.

“Banks are increasingly shifting focus to local currency lending given the challenges in foreign currency lending, particularly to the troubled oil sector.

“They are likely to grant more lending to existing local currency borrowers that benefit from the economic recovery, and target new sectors that have been underbanked, particularly retail and SMEs,” the statement said.

It added that, “Nigerian banks are predominantly funded by customer deposits (77% in LC and 23% in FC at end-1H18).

“There are drawbacks to this, as foreign currency deposits can be volatile, exposing banks to significant liquidity risks, and local currency deposits are subject to a punitive CRR of 22.5%, one of the highest in the region.

“The CRR forces banks to park significant reserves at the central bank. These reserves are unremunerated, and the central bank does not return excess reserves immediately. The CRR significantly constrains banks’ ability to fund local currency loan growth with LC deposits, and is a major incentive for them to diversify their funding.”

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Banking

O3 Capital to Unlock N95bn Festive Spending Boom With Blink Card

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03 Capital Amex cards

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A non-bank credit card issuer, 03 Capital, has introduced a travel card designed to unlock the N95 billion festive spending boom in Nigeria.

The new initiative, known as the 03 Capital Blink Travel Card, promotes economic participation among returning Nigerians, expatriates, and tourists.

A statement from the financial technology (fintech) firm is available instantly to use at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide.

The Blink Card, to be issued in both digital and physical form, is loaded with currency from any foreign bank card, converted to Naira, enabling transactions to be completed in the local currency.

The card offers tap-to-pay and cash withdrawals at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide, making it the ideal solution for visitors to Nigeria.

It also avails Nigerians in the Diaspora to spend like locals when they return to their country of origin.

Payments for goods and services can be completed via the virtual Blink Card, linked to the O3Cards app. Funds can also be transferred instantly to all local banks and other financial institutions.

According to the World Bank, remittance inflows account for approximately 5.6 per cent of Nigeria’s gross domestic product (GDP), and the resultant spending power is unlocked when the Diaspora returns home for the festive period.

In December 2024, about N95 billion was injected into the Nigerian economy by inbound passengers – 90 per cent being diasporic Nigerians – spending on short-let accommodation and hotels, events and hospitality, nightlife and dining, and vehicle rentals.  The launch of the Blink Card promises to spur this spending further, providing a significant boost to local businesses.

Blink Cards are available for collection at all Nigerian international airports, offering an immediate and hassle-free route to financial empowerment for people arriving in the country.

Blink Card carriers benefit from increased convenience, flexibility, and safety by not needing to carry large amounts of physical cash, while the ability to pre-load cards promotes smarter budgeting practices.

“We are excited to launch the Blink Card to promote greater economic participation among visitors to Nigeria.

“The card removes the needless friction and costs involved in legacy foreign exchange and cash payment processes, offering a quicker and more transparent option for spending in the country.

“As Nigerians begin travelling home for Christmas – combined with the regular traffic of arriving tourists, expatriates, and businesspeople – this is the perfect time to launch a solution catering to the financial needs of visitors, tapping into the seasonal spending boom which provides an annual lifeline for local economies and SMEs,” the chief executive of 03 Capital, Abimbola Pinheiro, stated.

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Banking

Interswitch Champions Dialogue on Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

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Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Technology leaders from across Nigeria’s digital finance ecosystem recently converged on Eko Convention Centre in Lagos to explore pathways for expanding credit access to underserved communities.

It platform for this was the 2025 Committee of e-Business Industry Heads (CeBIH) Annual Conference themed Reimagining Financial Inclusion through Cultural Shifts in Consumer Credit. Interswitch was a returning gold sponsor.

At a high-impact panel session titled Alternative Credit Scoring for the Underserved, moderated by Wunmi Ogunbiyi of the CeBIH Advisory Council, the Divisional Head of Product Management and Solution Delivery at Verve International, a subsidiary of Interswitch Group, Mr Ademola Adeniran, examined how alternative data and digital intelligence can unlock credit for millions excluded by conventional financial models.

“For us, this conversation goes beyond technology. It is about designing credit systems that truly reflect African realities.

“Millions transact daily outside traditional banking frameworks, and alternative credit scoring enables us to recognise that economic activity and responsibly convert it into access to finance.

“At Verve and Interswitch, we are committed to building the digital infrastructure that makes this inclusion scalable and sustainable,” Mr Adeniran stated.

Also, the Vice President for Sales and Account Management, Digital Infrastructure and Managed Services at Interswitch Systegra, Ms Robinta Aluyi, stressed the importance of African-led solutions in addressing the continent’s financial challenges, noting that sustainable progress must be rooted in local realities.

Interswitch’s strength, she said, lies in the fact that it was built on the continent, for the continent, with solutions designed to serve individuals, small businesses, enterprises, and government institutions across every layer of the payment value chain.

She also emphasized the company’s purpose-driven approach to building the infrastructure that powers Africa’s digital economy and enabling secure money movement on a scale.

“Interswitch helps people navigate their daily lives with greater ease. We make transactions flow safely and reliably. We do this by connecting banks, supporting secure and reliable payments, and strengthening the entire value chain of digital finance.

“Today, we hold a significant portion of the market, and that achievement reflects the deep trust our banking and fintech partners place in our platforms. We continue to deliver because the ecosystem has worked with us every step of the way,” Ms Aliyu said.

There were also contributions from Munachimso Duru, Head, Products, Partnership and Innovation, Afrigopay Financial Services Limited; Damola Giwa, Country Manager, Visa West Africa; Nike Kolawole, representing Aisha Abdullahi, Executive Director, Credit and Portfolio Management, CREDICORP; and Ifeanyi Chukuwekem, Head, Corporate Strategy Department, eTranzact, offering a broad industry perspective on the future of responsible credit delivery.

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Banking

CBN Streamlines BDC Operators to 82 to Sanitise FX Market

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BDC Operators

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has issued final operating licences to 82 Bureaux De Change (BDC) operators under its revised regulatory framework.

In a statement released on Monday, signed by its acting Director of Corporate Communications, Mrs Hakama Sidi-Ali, the apex bank said the licences took effect from November 27, 2025, under the 2024 Regulatory and Supervisory Guidelines for BDC Operations in Nigeria.

BDCs are instrumental to the foreign exchange market, as their activity could help regulate demand and cover supply deficits.

The apex lender also cautioned the public against dealing with unlicensed foreign exchange operators.

“The Central Bank of Nigeria, in exercise of its powers under the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) 2020 and the 2024 Guidelines, has granted final licences to 82 Bureaux De Change to operate with effect from November 27, 2025,” a part of the statement read.

The central bank stressed that only BDCs listed on its official website are recognised as licensed operators and urged the public to verify the status of any BDC before transacting.

“While the CBN will continue to update the list of Bureaux De Change with valid operating licences for public verification on our website, the Bank advises the general public to avoid dealing with unlicensed Foreign Exchange Operators,” the statement warned.

The bank also noted that operating a BDC without a valid licence is punishable under Section 57(1) of the BOFIA 2020 and promised legal action against illegal operators.

This licensing exercise is part of CBN’s broader efforts to sanitise the foreign exchange market as well as enhance transparency, and ensure that only credible players operate in the sector.

A 2024 guideline, which became effective in June 2024, requires all BDCs to reapply for Tier 1 or Tier 2 licences and meet minimum capital requirements, N2 billion for Tier 1 and N500 million for Tier 2, alongside non-refundable license fees of N5 million and N2 million, respectively.

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