Economy
Africa Urged To Prioritize Mechanized Farming
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
Limited use of improved technology is a major reason for low agricultural productivity across Africa, the African Development Bank (AfDB) has said at the ongoing African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF) in Nairobi.
“Low use of technology is partly why Africa continues to be a net importer of food ,” Chiji Ojukwu, the AfDB Director for Agriculture and Agro-Industry stated Tuesday, adding that over 60 percent of the continent’s land has irrigation potential, yet only five percent of it is under irrigation.
Speaking at a session on “Agriculture Infrastructure, Technology and Mechanization,” Ojukwu said it was impossible for Africa to be competitive while its farmers were still spending too much time tilling acres of land manually. “We cannot feed Africa with this kind of agriculture. We must mechanize. Mechanization of agriculture is imperative. Let us do what we can to push this agenda,” he stressed.
Statistics from the AfDB indicate that African farmers have 10 times fewer mechanized implements per farm area than farmers in other developing regions and access has not grown as quickly as in other regions.
Nigeria has embarked on a pilot project to provide tractors and fertilizer to farmers with the aim of boosting agricultural production. Abdullahi Abubakar, the Deputy Director for Engineering and Mechanization in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, said his department has partnered with Agricultural Equipment Hiring Enterprises (AEHEs), and is currently working with 110 centres to provide services to smallholder farmers. “Mechanization makes the farmer more efficient, displacing unskilled labour and allowing the farmer to till a large parcel of land over a short time,” he said.
The African Green Revolution Forum saw the AfDB reiterate its commitment to supporting its regional member countries to create AEHEs, as well as providing concessional debts to be on-lent for equipment hiring and purchasing through commercial banks.
But most important, as with mechanization, is solving Africa’s water problem. Experts say the continent is facing diminishing water supplies, thus making irrigation a challenge. According to the World Bank, water scarcity can translate into growth-rates decline as much as 6 percent of GDP by 2050 as a result of water-related losses in agriculture, among others.
“Mechanization starts with water management,” said Patrick Nduati Mwangi, Principal Secretary in Kenya’s Ministry of Water and Irrigation. He cited the Government’s efforts to irrigate a 10,000-acre model farm in the arid coastal region in order to boost food security.
The use of Information and communications technology (ICT) was mentioned as pertinent to Africa’s agricultural transformation, and is seen as a tool to woo the youth into entrepreneurship in agriculture (‘agri-preneurship’).
“The youth are not finding agriculture interesting because there is a gap which needs to be filled by information. The youth can bridge this gap by utilizing applications that provide information on farming methods, disease control, soil improvement technologies and market opportunities,” Gift Mafuleke, a youth farmer from South Africa, told delegates.
Already the AfDB is rolling out its ENABLE (Empowering Novel Agri-Business Led Employment) Youth initiative, in partnership with the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.
The program seeks to bolster youth entrepreneurship in agriculture and agri-business. The initiative will see the Bank train the next generation of agriculture entrepreneurs, also referred to as ‘agri-preneurs’, in several countries, and provide them with seed money through banks to finance their bankable business plans.
ENABLE Youth is also seen as an innovative initiative to address youth unemployment through agriculture. The initiative, under Feed Africa, the Bank’s Strategy for African Agricultural Transformation during the period 2016-2025, will embark on a number of approaches aimed at responding to the challenges of technology and mechanization.
These include: increasing investment to disseminate proven technologies for agricultural productivity improvement through the Technologies for African Agricultural Transformation initiative (TAAT); establishing a facility for on-farm mechanization leasing; investing in infrastructure and training to reduce on-farm and post-harvest losses; scaling-up and replicating innovative models to organize and aggregate farmers; accelerating and coordinating development of enabling hard infrastructure (energy, water, and logistics); building market centres and associated service infrastructure; and launching large scale farmer e-registration systems.
By Adedapo Adesanya
For another week, the Naira closed without recording a gain against the United States Dollar at the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX), as FX demand pressure continues to mount.
On Friday, the country’s legal tender further depreciated against the greenback by N5.82 or 0.42 per cent to trade at N1,393.26/$1 compared with the preceding day’s N1,387.45/$1.
Also, the local currency tumbled against the Pound Sterling in the official market segment yesterday by N7.61 to close at N1,859.99/£1 versus Thursday’s closing price of N1,852.38/£1, and crashed against the Euro by N1.58 to settle at N1,611.49/€1, in contrast to the N1,609.86/€1 it was traded a day earlier.
In the same vein, the Naira declined against the Dollar at the GTBank forex desk by N12 during the session to quote at N1,410/$1 versus the previous session’s rate of N1,398/$1, and at the parallel market, it lost N10 to sell for N1,415/$1 compared with the preceding day’s N1,405/$1.
The domestic currency continued its decline despite $300 million in FX intervention sales to banks by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), indicating that the rising demand for foreign payments is outpacing supply. However, worries have heightened as the Naira is entering a threshold that has not previously created panic.
In the international market, the US Dollar held broadly steady and saw its steepest weekly gain in more than a year as the escalating conflict in the Middle East drove demand for safe-haven assets. This creates pressure on other currencies.
This also affected the cryptocurrency market. As tensions escalated in the Middle East last week, investors moved quickly to the safety of the US Dollar, which strengthened as markets began pricing in higher energy prices and reignited inflation fears, potentially delaying Federal Reserve rate cuts.
Ethereum (ETH) dipped by 4.9 per cent to $1,975.54, Solana (SOL) depreciated by 4.8 per cent to $84.08, Bitcoin (BTC) lost 4.3 per cent to sell for $67,725.27, Cardano (ADA) slumped 4.2 per cent to $0.2527, and Litecoin (LTC) shrank by 3.4 per cent to $53.55.
Further, Dogecoin (DOGE) declined by 3.2 per cent to $0.0906, Binance Coin (BNB) slipped 2.9 per cent to $626.32, and Ripple (XRP) went down by 2.6 per cent to $1.36, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) closed flat at $1.00 each.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Crude futures climbed 12 per cent on Friday due to disruptions to global oil supplies because of the expanding US-Israel war with Iran.
During the session, Brent crude futures settled at $92.69 a barrel after gaining $7.28 or 8.52 per cent, and the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures finished at $90.90 a barrel, up $9.89 or 12.21 per cent.
In one week, WTI rose 35.63 per cent, and Brent climbed 27 per cent, the biggest weekly gains since the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Disruptions to the Middle East supply and tanker traffic through the Strait of Hormuz continue to rattle global energy markets.
The strait is a narrow waterway which handles roughly a fifth of the world’s traded crude, making it one of the most critical chokepoints in the global oil system. Even partial disruptions or perceived risks to tanker traffic can trigger rapid price moves as traders scramble to price in supply uncertainty.
With the Strait now effectively closed for seven days, that means about 140 million barrels of oil have been unable to reach the market. Vessel traffic has effectively dropped from an average of 138 ships a day to around 1 or 2.
The conflict has spread across the Middle East’s key energy-producing areas, disrupting output and forcing shutdowns of refineries and liquefied natural gas plants.
Qatar’s energy minister told the Financial Times he expects all Gulf energy producers to shut down exports within weeks, a move he said could drive oil to $150 a barrel. Kuwait is also discussing cutting production even further, and refining operations as well, to levels that would match what would be needed domestically.
US President Donald Trump, in an interview, said he was not concerned about rising petrol prices linked to the conflict after he said the US government would step in to provide insurance coverage have yet to have an effect.
President Trump also said the US Navy would escort tankers in the strait earlier this week, but soon after, took it back, after the Navy itself said there was “no chance” of such escorts.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Italian oil major, Eni, is positioning to embark on deepwater exploration investment in Nigeria after President Bola Tinubu met its chief executive Officer, Mr Claudio Descalzi, in Abuja to discuss the company’s deepwater expansion plans.
This follows the recent conversion of Oil Prospecting Licence 245 (OPL 245) into new development and exploration licenses.
Under an agreement with the Federal Government of Nigeria, OPL 245 has been converted into two Petroleum Mining Leases (PML 102 and 103) and two Petroleum Prospecting Leases (PPL 2011 and 2012), following a mutually agreed settlement of claims and the discontinuation of arbitration proceedings at the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
Nigerian Agip Exploration Limited will operate the licenses alongside partners Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited and Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company Limited (SNEPCO).
The conversion clears the path for the development of the Zabazaba and Etan deepwater fields under PML 102 and 103.
The Etan-Zabazaba project is estimated to contain approximately 500 MMbbl of reserves and is planned around a 150,000-bopd floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) facility. Associated gas volumes of up to 200 MMscf/d at peak are expected to be exported to Nigeria LNG.
Eni, which has operated in Nigeria since 1962, also discussed its broader offshore portfolio, including interests in the Abo and Bonga fields and Nigeria LNG.
The company recently increased its stake in OML 118 to 15 per cent, reinforcing its position in Nigeria’s deepwater sector, where it currently produces approximately 55,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day on an equity basis.
Business Post reported earlier this week that Nigeria has broken up the OPL 245 oil block into four new assets to be operated by Eni and Shell, potentially settling the future of the field at the centre of one of the oil industry’s biggest historic corruption trials.
The agreement clears the way for the development of OPL 245, one of Nigeria’s biggest deepwater reserves that has remained untapped for almost three decades amid overlapping lawsuits in multiple countries.
The block is estimated to hold up to 9 billion barrels of oil equivalent in reserves, enough to rival Nigeria’s entire proven reserves if fully developed.
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