Adedapo Adesanya
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Fixed Income and Currencies (FIC) markets recorded a total transaction turnover of N215.1 trillion in 2020, a year-on-year decline of 7.6 per cent compared with N232.7 trillion recorded in 2019.
This was disclosed in the latest FMDQ Exchange’s FIC Monthly Report for December 2020, which indicated that the period ended December 31, 2020, total contribution was N19.9 trillion, representing a Month-on-Month (M-o-M) increase of 35.3 per cent and YoY 20.9 per cent respectively.
It was explained that Foreign Exchange (FX) and Money Market transactions were the highest contributors to the FIC markets in December 2020, jointly accounting for 59.2 per cent of the total FIC market turnover, while OMO Bills and Money Market transactions accounted for the majority of turnover in 2020, jointly contributing 50.5 per cent to total turnover.
Giving a further breakdown, the turnover indicated that FX market turnover in December 2020 stood at $19.72 billion (N7.79 trillion), representing a m-o-m increase of 81.3 per cent ($8.84billion) from the turnover recorded in November 2020 – $10.88 billion (N4.21 trillion).
This was majorly driven by increased FX intervention sales by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to Dealing Member Banks to reduce the build-up of unmet clients’ FX demand in December 2020.
Analysis of the growth in FX market turnover indicated that FX Spot and FX Derivatives turnover increased m-o-m by 60 per cent ($2.55 billion) and 94.9 per cent ($6.29 billion) respectively in December 2020, with 71.2 per cent of the increase in turnover driven by the turnover growth in FX Derivatives.
In the Over-the-Counter (OTC) FX Futures market, the FMDQ report stated that near month contract (NGUS DEC 30 2020) recorded a total outstanding notional value (NV) of $2.2 billion matured and was settled, while a new long-term (60-month or 60M) contract, NGUS DEC 31 2025 was introduced at a Futures price of N608.10/$1, representing 3.24 per cent ($/N19.07) m-o-m increase in the futures price, compared to the offer rate (N589.03/$1) of the previous 60M contract (NGUS NOV 26 2025).
The total notional value of open OTC FX Futures contracts as at December 31, 2020, stood at $8.09 billion, representing a further decrease of 9.5 per cent ($0.85 billion) from its value as at November 30, 2020 ($8.94 billion), and continuing its downward the trend since May 2020.
The average CBN Official Spot Naira/US Dollar exchange rate remained constant at N379/$1 in December 2020.
Conversely, the Naira depreciated against the US Dollar at the Investors’ and Exporters’ (I&E) FX Window, losing 2.07 per cent (N8.01/$1) to close at an average of N394.92/$1 in December 2020 from N386.91/$1 recorded in November 2020.
Also, the Naira depreciated against the US Dollar in the parallel market, losing 0.17 per cent (N 0.81/$1) to close at an average of N476.05/$1 in December 2020 from N475.24/$1 recorded in November 2020.
However the average spread between the exchange rates in the formal (I&E FX Window) and unregulated (parallel) FX markets reduced by 8.2 per cent to N81.13/$1 in December 2020, from N88.33/$1 in November 2020 due to the higher depreciation of the Naira in the I&E FX Window.
Consequently, the primary markets, average discount rates for the 91-day, 182-day and 364-day Treasury bills increased m-o-m by an average of 0.68 percentage points (ppts), to close at a range of 0.03 per cent – 1.85 per cent in December 2020, while the discount rates for CBN OMO bills decreased m-o-m by an average of 1.01 ppts to close at a range of 1.78 per cent – 6.07 per cent in December 2020.
Similarly, the coupon rates of the 15Y and 25Y FGN Bond issuances increased by an average of 1.58 ppts to close at a range of 6.95 per cent – 7.00 per cent in December 2020.
Meanwhile, the total value of T-bills and OMO bills outstanding as at December 31, 2020, remained constant m-o-m at N2.72trillion and N5.37 trillion respectively, whilst the total value of FGN Bonds outstanding as at December 31, 2020, increased M-o-M by 0.28 per cent (0.03 trillion) to N10.70 trillion from N10.67 trillion recorded as at November 30, 2020.
