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Let’s Talk About Nigeria’s Fuel Subsidies

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Nigeria’s fuel subsidies

By Lukman Otunuga

Oil benchmarks are up almost 40% since the start of 2022

Heightened geopolitical risks revolving around the Russia-Ukraine conflict have fuelled supply-side fears. With the United States banning imports of Russian oil and the European Union threatening to make a similar move, the fundamentals favour more upside.

However, last week’s announcement by President Biden to release a mammoth 180 million from the country’s strategic petroleum reserves (SPR) between May and October could help oil bears.

The idea of the SPR plugging the gaping hole in the absence of Russian oil may limit upside gains in the global commodity. Nevertheless, oil prices remain at multi-year highs.

The rally in oil prices has been a welcome development for oil-producing countries. Not so for Nigeria.

Africa’s largest crude producer has found itself in a tricky position despite the crude prices trading to their highest level since 2014.

Oil sales make up a massive amount of Nigeria’s export earnings and government revenues. However, the terrible combination of sub-optimal oil production, importing refined products, and petrol subsidies have turned a blessing into a curse.

If geopolitical tensions intensify and prices remain at elevated levels beyond $100, Nigeria stands to lose rather than gain.

Despite being Africa’s largest crude producer, Nigeria exports the global commodity but imports all by-products due to weak infrastructure.

So, as oil prices appreciate, this will support export earnings but also eat into foreign exchange earnings. To add insult to injury, whatever profit is left is drained by petrol subsidies which have cost the Nigerian government up to $7 billion a year in revenue.

Back in November 2021, the Nigerian government announced it will remove the subsidies. Fast forward to today, the removal of the subsidies has been delayed because of the general elections in 2023.

With the government being forced to draw $2.2 billion from the Eurobond it issued last September to fund the fuel subsidies, things are not looking pretty for the federal government or economy.

Even if the subsidies were to be removed in the future, the question is whether Nigeria is strong enough to weather the ramifications of such a move.

What will be the social-economic consequences? How about inflation? What will the Central Bank of Nigeria do to shield the economy? These are just a handful of the questions that need to be answered before Nigeria decides to pull the plug on fuel subsidies.

Lukman Otunuga is the Senior Research Analyst at FXTM

Economy

Investors Gain N333bn Trading Nigerian Equities

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attracted younger investors NGX

By Dipo Olowookere

A 0.31 per cent gain was recorded by the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited on Tuesday, helped by renewed bargain-hunting by investors, with the year-to-date return extending to 6.61 per cent.

It was observed that the growth achieved by Customs Street yesterday was supported by the banking and the industrial goods indices, which went up by 1.32 per cent and 0.69 per cent apiece.

They offset the losses recorded by the three other sectors, with the insurance counter down by 1.32 per cent, the consumer goods segment down by 0.23 per cent, and the energy space down by 0.17 per cent.

At the close of business, the All-Share Index (ASI) increased by 516.94 points to 165,901.57 points from 165,384.63 points and the market capitalization appreciated by N333 billion to N106.495 trillion from N106.162 trillion.

The market breadth index was positive yesterday after the bourse ended with 35 price gainers and 34 price losers, representing bullish investor sentiment.

The quartet of Industrial and Medical Gases (IMG), Union Dicon, Zichis, and Austin Laz chalked up 10.00 per cent each to sell for N34.65, N9.90, N5.06, and N4.07, respectively, while RT Briscoe appreciated by 9.95 per cent to N9.50.

On the flip side, Omatek lost 10.00 per cent to trade at N2.43, Cutix also fell by 10.00 per cent to N3.15, Union Homes shrank by 9.95 per cent to N76.90, Sunu Assurances declined by 9.94 per cent to N4.62, and Deap Capital crashed by 9.93 per cent to N7.62.

During the trading day, 736.4 million stocks worth N24.7 billion exchanged hands in 46,026 deals compared with the 762.8 million stocks valued at N18.4 billion traded in 55,374 deals a day earlier, indicating a rise in the trading value by 34.24 per cent, and a slip in the trading volume and number of deals by 3.46 per cent and 16.88 per cent apiece.

The activity chart was led by volume on the second trading session of the week by GTCO with 65.9 million equities valued at N6.5 billion, Chams transacted 55.7 million shares worth N249.8 million, Custodian Investment traded 49.8 million stocks for N2.2 billion, Universal Insurance sold 36.1 million equities valued at N51.5 million, and Zenith Bank exchanged 35.4 million shares worth N2.6 billion.

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Oil Market Rises 2% on Fresh Iran-US Confrontation

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crude oil market

By Adedapo Adesanya

The oil market was up by nearly 2 per cent on Tuesday after the United States shot down an Iranian drone approaching an aircraft carrier and armed boats in the Strait of Hormuz, stoking concerns talks aimed at de-escalating US-Iran tensions could be disrupted.

This action caused the Brent futures to rise by $1.03 or 1.6 per cent to $67.33 per barrel, as the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures jumped by $1.07 or 1.7 per cent to $63.21 a barrel.

Both crude benchmarks dropped more than 4 per cent on Monday after President Donald Trump said Iran was seriously talking with America.

However, the US military shot down an Iranian drone that “aggressively” approached the Abraham Lincoln aircraft carrier in the Arabian Sea on Tuesday.

In the Strait of Hormuz between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, Iranian gunboats approached a US-flagged oil tanker in what US and British maritime security sources describe as a failed attempt to interfere with the vessel’s transit.

Members of the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) including Saudi Arabia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Iraq export most of their crude via the strait, mainly to Asia. The Strait of Hormuz, through which roughly a fifth of the world’s oil supply passes, remains Iran’s most obvious pressure point.

Despite the latest development, the UAE urged Iran and the US on Tuesday to use the resumption of nuclear talks this week to resolve a standoff that has led to mutual threats of air strikes. Iran, meanwhile, is demanding that talks be held in Oman not Turkey.

In Ukraine, President Volodymyr Zelenskiy accused Russia on Tuesday of exploiting a US-backed energy truce to stockpile munitions, and using them to attack Ukraine a day before peace talks. This boosted worries that Russia’s oil would remain sanctioned for longer.

On Monday, President Trump announced a trade deal with India, one of the world’s biggest economies and oil importers, on Monday to cut tariffs to 18 per cent from 50 per cent in exchange for the country halting Russian oil purchases and lowering trade barriers.

The American Petroleum Institute (API) estimated that crude oil inventories in the US decreased by 11.1 million barrels in the week ending January 30. Crude oil inventories decreased by 247,000 barrels in the week prior.

Official data from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) will be published later on Wednesday.

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Economy

AFC Commits Support to Transformative Reforms in Nigeria’s Power Sector

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power sector liabilities

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Africa Finance Corporation (AFC), the continent’s leading infrastructure solutions provider, has reiterated its commitment to playing a pivotal role to support transformative reforms in Nigeria’s power sector.

This is as it act as co-Financial Adviser to the Nigerian government on the successful issuance of the recent N501 billion inaugural tranche under the Presidential Power Sector Financial Reforms Programme (PPSFRP), as part of the N4 trillion Power Sector Bond Programme, aimed at resolving over a decade of legacy debt obligations in Nigeria’s electricity supply industry and restoring financial stability across the sector.

AFC provided comprehensive financial advisory services to the federal government, including the design of the Programme’s negotiation strategy framework, support in negotiating and executing Settlement Agreements with Power Generation Companies (GenCos), and structuring the bond issuance. Working in partnership with CardinalStone Partners as co-Financial Advisers, AFC deployed its deep sector expertise and strong local market knowledge to deliver the landmark transaction.

The programme was overseen by the Presidential Power Sector Debt Reduction Committee (PPSDRC), with technical leadership from the Office of the Special Adviser to the President on Energy, and implemented through NBET Finance Company Plc, a special purpose vehicle of Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Plc (NBET). Proceeds from the issuance will be used to settle verified, overdue receivables owed to GenCos for electricity supplied between February 2015 and March 2025, injecting liquidity into the power sector and extinguishing long-standing claims.

Commenting on AFC’s involvement, Mr Banji Fehintola, Executive Board Member and Head, Financial Services at Africa Finance Corporation, said: “The successful issuance of the inaugural tranche under the Power Sector Bond Programme underscores AFC’s commitment to supporting transformative reforms in Nigeria’s power sector. By resolving long-standing liquidity challenges and restoring confidence among investors and operators, this transaction lays the foundation for sustainable growth and improved electricity supply across the country.”

When fully implemented, the programme is expected to impact approximately 5,398MW of electricity generation capacity by Nigerian GenCos and finalise settlement for 290,644.84GWh of electricity billed since 2015. It will also strengthen companies serving about 12 million active registered customers, creating a solid platform for new investments in capacity enhancement and expansion.

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