Economy
N20.51trn 2023 Budget is Nigeria’s Highest in History
By Adedapo Adesanya
President Muhammadu Buhari on Friday presented before the two chambers of the National Assembly a record N20.51 trillion proposed budget for the 2023 financial year.
The N20.51 trillion budget, which is the highest so far in the nation’s history, is the last to be presented by the President before his tenure elapses on May 29, 2023.
Mr Buhari had been expected to present an Appropriation Bill of N19.75 trillion.
According to the President, this 8th financial blueprint of his administration is tagged the Budget of Fiscal Sustainability and Transition.
Mr Buhari while addressing members of the parliament noted that the 2023 transition budget was designed to address critical issues and lay a solid foundation for the incoming administration.
President Buhari said he believes that based on these fiscal assumptions and parameters, total federally-collectable revenue is estimated at N16.87 trillion in 2023.
Furthermore, he stated that the total federally distributable revenue is estimated at 11.09 trillion, while the total revenue available to fund the 2023 federal budget is estimated at N9.73 trillion.
This he said includes the revenues of 63 Government-Owned Enterprises.
The President also disclosed that oil revenue is projected at N1.92 trillion, non-oil taxes are estimated at N2.43 trillion, and FGN independent revenues are projected to be N2.21 trillion.
Other revenues total N762 billion, while the retained revenues of the GOEs amount to N2.42 trillion.
In his speech, Mr Buhari stressed that the 2023 Appropriation Bill aims to maintain the focus of MDAs on the revenue side of the budget and greater attention to internal revenue generation.
“Sustenance of revenue diversification strategy would further increase the non-oil revenue share of total revenues,” President Buhari opined.
While N2.42 trillion would be for spending by GOEs, the proposed N20.51 trillion 2023 expenditure comprises: Statutory Transfers of N744.11 billion; Non-debt Recurrent Costs of N8.27 trillion; Personnel Costs of N4.99 trillion; Pensions, Gratuities and Retirees’ Benefits of N854.8 billion; Overheads of N1.11 trillion; Capital Expenditure of N5.35 trillion, including the capital component of Statutory Transfers; Debt Service of N6.31 trillion; and Sinking Fund of N247.73 billion to retire certain maturing bonds.
He said the government expects total fiscal operations to result in a deficit of N10.78 trillion, noting that it represents 4.78 per cent of estimated GDP, above the 3 per cent threshold set by the Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007.
“As envisaged by the law, we need to exceed this threshold considering the need to continue to tackle the existential security challenges facing the country,” Mr Buhari explained.
Speaking further, the President revealed that the government plans to finance the deficit mainly by new borrowings totalling N8.80 trillion, N206.18 billion from Privatization Proceeds and N1.77 trillion drawdowns on bilateral and multilateral loans secured for specific development projects and programmes.
Economy
Nigeria’s Economic Recovery Yet to Improve Welfare, Says World Bank
By Adedapo Adesanya
The World Bank has warned that Nigeria’s economic recovery has yet to improve household welfare as wage growth continues to lag behind inflation, leaving real incomes under pressure.
This was disclosed in its April 2026 Nigeria Development Update titled Nigeria’s Tomorrow Must Start Today: The Case for Early Childhood Development.
According to the report, while the Nigerian economy recorded moderate growth in 2026, following expansions of 4.1 per cent in 2024 and 4.0 per cent in 2025, the gains have not translated into improved living standards for most citizens.
It stated that growth was largely driven by the services sector, particularly ICT, financial services, and real estate, while agriculture and crude oil production made modest contributions.
On inflation, the report said price pressures have eased but remain in double digits, partly due to the impact of the Middle East conflict.
The lender noted that multidimensional poverty and weak early childhood development outcomes are threatening Nigeria’s long-term economic potential, despite signs of macroeconomic recovery.
The report explained that Nigeria is facing a deep early childhood development crisis, with poor outcomes in health, nutrition, and learning undermining productivity and future growth.
It emphasised that early childhood development, especially from pregnancy to age five, is critical to reversing the trend.
“Investments during this period generate lasting benefits, including better education outcomes, higher earnings, lower health costs, and stronger social cohesion. Investments during this period are highly cost-effective,” the report said.
The report highlighted alarming child welfare indicators, noting that 110 out of every 1,000 Nigerian children die before the age of five, 40 per cent are stunted, and 52 per cent are not developmentally on track before entering school.
It attributed these outcomes to persistent gaps in maternal healthcare, nutrition, early learning, and access to water and sanitation, particularly within the first 2,000 days of a child’s life.
The bank added that these outcomes remain “weak and highly unequal,” with significant disparities across income levels, regions, and states.
The report further revealed that favourable external inflows boosted reserves, with net external reserves rising to $34.8 billion at the end of 2025, while gross reserves reached $45.5 billion, equivalent to 8.7 months of imports.
However, it noted that Nigeria’s fiscal deficit widened slightly in 2025, as increased non-oil revenues were offset by higher state-level capital spending and federal recurrent expenditure.
“Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC) gross revenues rose from 7.9 per cent of GDP in 2024 to 8.5 per cent in 2025, driven by strong non-oil tax collections reflecting improved tax administration.
“This includes expanded e-filing and e-payments, higher compliance ahead of the implementation of the new tax bills, and the rollout of VAT e-invoicing, alongside a 0.2 per cent of GDP rise in subnational internally generated revenues,” the report stated.
Economy
We Don’t Know When Our FY 2025 Results Will be Ready—Caverton
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
One of the players in the Nigerian aviation sector, Caverton Offshore Support Group Plc, has informed the investing public that it is unsure when it will file its audited financial statements for 2025.
Companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited are required to submit their audited financial results at most three months after the end of the fiscal year.
For Caverton, it was supposed to release the financial statements for 2025 on or before March 31, 2026; however, it has not done the needful.
In a statement to explain the delay in the filing of the results, the company said it has not completed the audit, and does not know when this process will be concluded by its external auditor.
“The delay in filing the 2025 AFS arises from the fact that the audit of the company’s financial statements is still ongoing. The company is working closely with its external auditors to conclude the audit process.
“However, as at the date of this notice, the audit has not been finalised due to the need to complete certain outstanding review procedures and obtain final audit clearances to ensure the accuracy, completeness, and integrity of the financial statements,” Caverton explained.
It further said, “While significant progress has been made, the audit process has not reached completion, and as such, the company is currently unable to confirm a definitive timeline for the finalisation and filing of the AFS.”
“The company considers it prudent not to provide an anticipated filing date at this time in order to avoid providing information that may subsequently require revision,” it further stated in the statement signed by its scribe, Ms Amaka Obiora.
Caverton assured “its shareholders and the market that it remains fully committed to maintaining the highest standards of financial reporting, transparency, and regulatory compliance,” promising to promptly file the results “upon completion of the audit process.”
Economy
Dangote Eyes $100bn Turnover from Investment in Data Centres, Ports, Others
By Adedapo Adesanya
African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) will support Dangote Group, as it seeks to expand its operations and grow its turnover to $100 billion by 2030, with new venture interests, including ports, pipelines, data centres, and mining.
The lender, in its long-term growth strategy Vision 2030: Supercharging Dangote Group for Long Term Success, outlines a two‑phase expansion programme spanning 2025–2028 and 2028–2030.
Key initiatives include increasing the capacity of the Dangote Petroleum Refinery from 650,000 barrels per day to 1.4 million barrels per day. Also, it will back plans to boost its fertiliser production from 3 million tonnes per annum to 12 million tonnes per annum, a move that would position the group as the world’s largest producer of urea fertiliser.
The expansion strategy encompasses rapid growth across other business lines, including cement, rice, and broader food production. Beyond its current portfolio, Dangote identified new investment opportunities in infrastructure, including ports and pipelines, as well as gas, mining (as a gateway for semi‑processed and value‑added mineral exports), data centres to support Africa’s digital transformation and enterprise resilience, and power, described as the engine of Africa’s industrial transformation.
To drive the growth over the five years, the Dangote Group predicts that it will require at least $40 billion in new investments to realise its continental ambitions.
Speaking on this, the chief executive of Dangote Industries Limited, Mr Aliko Dangote, said, “Our partnership with Afreximbank is more than financial support; it is about a shared dream for the continent. When we set out to build a 650,000 barrel-per-day refinery—the largest of its kind in Africa—the Bank believed in our vision when others were sceptical.
“Without their leadership and trust, the development of the African continent would not be where it is today. We are joined at the hip with the bank because we share the same mission: to drive local capacity, eliminate our dependence on imports, and ensure Africa’s industrial growth is led by Africans.”
On his part, the chairman of the Board of Afreximbank, Mr George Elombi, noted that the engagements demonstrated a strong convergence of purpose to free Africa from dependency and to ensure the continent’s resources are used to the benefit of its people.
He expressed confidence that the collaboration would lead to “a formidable bond of partnership to make large-scale investments that will accelerate the changes we desire,” changes that have gained urgency amid increasing global fragmentation and protectionism.
Mr Elombi recalled that at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Africa struggled to secure even the basic protective materials due to limited production capacity, adding that “even when financing was available, we could not access these essential items.”
He further pledged the readiness of Afreximbank and its Board of Directors to support the realisation of Dangote Group’s aspirations. “This is the very purpose for which our institution was created. As is deeply rooted in our DNA, we do not only listen—we execute and convert aspiration into action.”
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