Economy
NGX Spearheads Green Finance Solutions for Nigeria’s Environmental Challenges
Nigeria, a nation endowed with vast natural resources, faces a looming ecological catastrophe that threatens its economic stability and the well-being of its citizens. The unrelenting march of deforestation and desertification is leaving an indelible scar on the country’s landscape, exacerbating climate change woes and jeopardizing the livelihoods of millions.
According to statistics from the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), Nigeria grapples with an annual deforestation rate of 3.7%, the highest globally. Between 2002 and 2023, the country lost over 178,000 hectares, amounting to a staggering 95% of tree cover in natural forest areas (Global Forest Watch). This unchecked deforestation, driven by agricultural expansion, logging, and urbanization, has far-reaching consequences, including biodiversity loss, soil erosion, and a significant contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions.
Moreover, the spectre of desertification looms large, with a staggering 62 million Nigerians directly exposed to its debilitating impacts, as reported by UNOOSA. Desertification, a process characterized by the degradation of fertile land, has led to reduced agricultural productivity, water scarcity, and exacerbated poverty levels, particularly in the northern regions of the country.
NGX: Championing Sustainable Finance Solutions
Amidst the grim realities of environmental degradation, a glimmer of hope emerges from Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX), the nation’s premier securities exchange. NGX has taken bold strides in championing sustainable finance solutions, positioning itself as a catalyst for positive change.
In 2016, NGX launched the Green Bond Market Development Programme, a groundbreaking initiative aimed at fostering innovative financial instruments aligned with Nigeria’s climate mitigation and adaptation targets. This program laid the foundation for the issuance of Nigeria’s maiden sovereign green bond in 2017, valued at a significant N10.69 billion (approximately $26 million at the time).
The landmark green bond issuance was a collaborative effort between NGX, the Debt Management Office (DMO), and the Federal Ministry of Environment. The success of Nigeria’s inaugural sovereign green bond paved the way for subsequent issuances, with corporate trailblazers like Access Bank and North South Power Company leading the charge. These entities have issued corporate green bonds, collectively contributing over $136 million to the nation’s burgeoning green finance market, as reported by the Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission (NIPC).
Notably, several Nigerian states, including Gombe, are exploring the issuance of green bonds to finance developmental challenges and combat climate change issues like desertification and water scarcity. This decentralized approach underscores the growing recognition of sustainable finance as a powerful tool for achieving sustainable development goals at both national and sub-national levels.
Recognizing the need for global collaboration in tackling environmental challenges, NGX has forged strategic partnerships with international organizations, further amplifying its impact. One such partnership is with the Luxembourg Stock Exchange (LuxSE), a leading global platform for sustainable finance. This groundbreaking collaboration facilitates the cross-listing and trading of green bonds, enhancing their visibility and attractiveness to international investors. By creating a robust platform for green finance, this partnership enables Nigerian green bonds to gain global recognition and attract much-needed investment from environmentally conscious investors worldwide.
Capacity Building with IFC
Moreover, NGX’s collaboration with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) has been instrumental in developing and issuing green, social, and sustainability bonds in Nigeria. Through knowledge sharing, training domestic verifiers, and building capacity, NGX is ensuring the credibility and integrity of green finance instruments in the Nigerian market.
Temi Popoola, GMD/CEO of Nigerian Exchange Group Plc, emphasized the importance of these partnerships, stating, “The limited flow of climate finance remains a major issue for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions in Africa, particularly Nigeria. NGX’s collaboration with internationally recognized organizations like the IFC is targeted at sharing valuable green finance experiences and best practices, as well as promoting the development of sustainable finance market segments to support various stakeholders.”
Leveraging Green Finance and Carbon Markets
NGX’s efforts extend beyond the issuance of green bonds to leveraging the full potential of sustainable finance to address the pressing challenges of deforestation and desertification. One promising avenue is the development of a robust carbon market, which would incentivize the preservation of forests and the restoration of degraded lands. Through the carbon market, companies and organizations can purchase carbon credits, which represent the removal or avoidance of a certain amount of greenhouse gas emissions. These credits can be generated by projects that protect or restore forests, as well as initiatives that combat desertification through sustainable land management practices.
By creating a demand for carbon credits, the carbon market provides a financial incentive for entities to invest in projects that mitigate deforestation and desertification. This market-based approach not only generates revenue for conservation efforts but also encourages the private sector to actively participate in environmental stewardship. Currently, NGX is collaborating with other stakeholders and the Nigerian Climate Change Council on the framework for Nigeria’s carbon market.
Specialized Green Bonds for Environmental Conservation
Additionally, entities can explore the issuance of specialized green bonds specifically targeted at financing projects that address deforestation and desertification. These bonds could fund reforestation initiatives, agroforestry practices, and sustainable land management techniques, thereby directly tackling the root causes of these environmental challenges. NGX’s platform provides an avenue for issuers to adequately secure funding for these activities.
By leveraging the power of green finance and carbon markets, NGX is positioning itself at the forefront of Nigeria’s efforts to combat deforestation and desertification. As Jude Chiemeka, Ag. CEO of NGX, stated, “NGX recognizes the power and potential of sustainable finance. It is not merely a buzzword but a transformative force that has the potential to shape the economy and society for the better. The Exchange has wholeheartedly embraced this and is taking concrete steps to contribute to the advancement of sustainable finance in Nigeria.”
Through innovative financial instruments, international collaborations, and a commitment to environmental stewardship, NGX is paving the way for a sustainable future for Nigeria, where economic growth and environmental preservation coexist in harmony.
Economy
UK Backs Nigeria With Two Flagship Economic Reform Programmes
By Adedapo Adesanya
The United Kingdom via the British High Commission in Abuja has launched two flagship economic reform programmes – the Nigeria Economic Stability & Transformation (NEST) programme and the Nigeria Public Finance Facility (NPFF) -as part of efforts to support Nigeria’s economic reform and growth agenda.
Backed by a £12.4 million UK investment, NEST and NPFF sit at the centre of the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership and support Nigeria’s efforts to strengthen macroeconomic stability, improve fiscal resilience, and create a more competitive environment for investment and private-sector growth.
Speaking at the launch, Cynthia Rowe, Head of Development Cooperation at the British High Commission in Abuja, said, “These two programmes sit at the heart of our economic development cooperation with Nigeria. They reflect a shared commitment to strengthening the fundamentals that matter most for our stability, confidence, and long-term growth.”
The launch followed the inaugural meeting of the Joint UK-Nigeria Steering Committee, which endorsed the approach of both programmes and confirmed strong alignment between the UK and Nigeria on priority areas for delivery.
Representing the Government of Nigeria, Special Adviser to the President of Nigeria on Finance and the Economy, Mrs Sanyade Okoli, welcomed the collaboration, touting it as crucial to current, critical reforms.
“We welcome the United Kingdom’s support through these new programmes as a strong demonstration of our shared commitment to Nigeria’s economic stability and long-term prosperity. At a time when we are implementing critical reforms to strengthen fiscal resilience, improve macroeconomic stability, and unlock inclusive growth, this partnership will provide valuable technical support. Together, we are laying the foundation for a more resilient economy that delivers sustainable development and improved livelihoods for all Nigerians.”
On his part, Mr Jonny Baxter, British Deputy High Commissioner in Lagos, highlighted the significance of the programmes within the wider UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.
“NEST and NPFF are central to our shared approach to strengthening the foundations that underpin long-term economic prosperity. They sit firmly within the UK-Nigeria mutual growth partnership.”
Economy
MTN Nigeria, SMEDAN to Boost SME Digital Growth
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
A strategic partnership aimed at accelerating the growth, digital capacity, and sustainability of Nigeria’s 40 million Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) has been signed by MTN Nigeria and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN).
The collaboration will feature joint initiatives focused on digital inclusion, financial access, capacity building, and providing verified information for MSMEs.
With millions of small businesses depending on accurate guidance and easy-to-access support, MTN and SMEDAN say their shared platform will address gaps in communication, misinformation, and access to opportunities.
At the formal signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Thursday, November 27, 2025, in Lagos, the stage was set for the immediate roll-out of tools, content, and resources that will support MSMEs nationwide.
The chief operating officer of MTN Nigeria, Mr Ayham Moussa, reiterated the company’s commitment to supporting Nigeria’s economic development, stating that MSMEs are the lifeline of Nigeria’s economy.
“SMEs are the backbone of the economy and the backbone of employment in Nigeria. We are delighted to power SMEDAN’s platform and provide tools that help MSMEs reach customers, obtain funding, and access wider markets. This collaboration serves both our business and social development objectives,” he stated.
Also, the Chief Enterprise Business Officer of MTN Nigeria, Ms Lynda Saint-Nwafor, described the MoU as a tool to “meet SMEs at the point of their needs,” noting that nano, micro, small, and medium businesses each require different resources to scale.
“Some SMEs need guidance, some need resources; others need opportunities or workforce support. This platform allows them to access whatever they need. We are committed to identifying opportunities across financial inclusion, digital inclusion, and capacity building that help SMEs to scale,” she noted.
Also commenting, the Director General of SMEDAN, Mr Charles Odii, emphasised the significance of the collaboration, noting that the agency cannot meet its mandate without leveraging technology and private-sector expertise.
“We have approximately 40 million MSMEs in Nigeria, and only about 400 SMEDAN staff. We cannot fulfil our mandate without technology, data, and strong partners.
“MTN already has the infrastructure and tools to support MSMEs from payments to identity, hosting, learning, and more. With this partnership, we are confident we can achieve in a short time what would have taken years,” he disclosed.
Mr Odii highlighted that the SMEDAN-MTN collaboration would support businesses across their growth needs, guided by their four-point GROW model – Guidance, Resources, Opportunities, and Workforce Development.
He added that SMEDAN has already created over 100,000 jobs within its two-year administration and expects the partnership to significantly boost job creation, business expansion, and nationwide enterprise modernisation.
Economy
NGX Seeks Suspension of New Capital Gains Tax
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited is seeking review of the controversial Capital Gains Tax increase, fearing it will chase away foreign investors from the country’s capital market.
Nigeria’s new tax regime, which takes effect from January 1, 2026, represents one of the most significant changes to Nigeria’s tax system in recent years.
Under the new rules, the flat 10 per cent Capital Gains Tax rate has been replaced by progressive income tax rates ranging from zero to 30 per cent, depending on an investor’s overall income or profit level while large corporate investors will see the top rate reduced to 25 per cent as part of a wider corporate tax reform.
The chief executive of NGX, Mr Jude Chiemeka, said in a Bloomberg interview in Kigali, Rwanda that there should be a “removal of the capital gains tax completely, or perhaps deferring it for five years.”
According to him, Nigeria, having a higher Capital Gains Tax, will make investors redirect asset allocation to frontier markets and “countries that have less tax.”
“From a capital flow perspective, we should be concerned because all these international portfolio managers that invest across frontier markets will certainly go to where the cost of investing is not so burdensome,” the CEO said, as per Bloomberg. “That is really the angle one will look at it from.”
Meanwhile, the policy has been defended by the chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, who noted that the new tax will make investing in the capital market more attractive by reducing risks, promoting fairness, and simplifying compliance.
He noted that the framework allows investors to deduct legitimate costs such as brokerage fees, regulatory charges, realised capital losses, margin interest, and foreign exchange losses directly tied to investments, thereby ensuring that they are not taxed when operating at a loss.
Mr Oyedele also said the reforms introduced a more inclusive approach to taxation by exempting several categories of investors and transactions.
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