Economy
Nigeria Mulls Compressing Taxes into 8 Categories, N800/$1 Customs Duty
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee has recommended the harmonisation of taxes and levies collectable by the three tiers of government into eight broad headings.
The Chairman of the committee, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, said the proposed streamlining of taxes sought to make tax administration modern, simple, and adaptive to the Nigerian economy.
Speaking at a public consultation workshop for journalists and public analysts with the theme, Proposed Changes to the National Tax Policy, Tax Laws and Administration, in Lagos on Thursday, Mr Oyedele also urged the federal government to adopt an exchange rate of N800 per Dollar for customs import duty.
He expressed concern over the import duty rate, which constantly changed due to the volatility of the foreign exchange (FX) market, adding that this does not allow for adequate planning by businesses.
According to him, “When we did the budget, we said Naira to Dollar will be N800, now it is 1,000 something. People need to plan.
“So now, we’re saying, dear government, can you, please, sign an order that says for paying import duty, we shall use N800… for the rest of the year till December. So, we have proposed N800.”
The proposed list of harmonised taxes and levies included income tax, property tax, Value Added Tax (VAT), customs duties, excise tax, stamp duties, special levy, and harmonised levy.
Mr Oyedele said, “The principles that we are working with is to do away with nuisance taxes with very low revenue yield, high cost of collection and ultimate burden on the poor and small businesses.
“We are focusing on high revenue yielding taxes that are broad-based and relatively easy to collect by merging taxes and levies that are imposed on the same or substantially similar tax base and keep the total number of taxes across all levels of government to a single digit.”
He said the committee further recommended the institutionalisation of tax harmonisation reforms to ensure its sustainability.
Mr Oyedele explained that the committee had consolidated the education and police taxes under the special levy, adding that “We introduced the special levy with just one rate and we take out all those other taxes”.
He said the Harmonised Tax Levy (HTL), which comprised road and market taxes, was meant to cater for the local governments.
He said under the proposed new tax regime, income tax should now comprise Company Income Tax (CIT), Withholding Tax (WHT), CPT, and capital gain tax, among others.
“We are hoping that when we are done there will be no consumption tax in any state. We will just agree that it is VAT and it is VAT.
“We will specify who is paying it, who is collecting it and who owns the tax. Nigerians tend to assume that if the FIRS (Federal Inland Revenue Service) collect taxes it is for the federal government alone.
“No. Even though the number of taxes we propose is eight, the federal government will feel like collecting five taxes; state governments will feel they are collecting seven taxes; local governments collecting six taxes.”
According to him, “All these will be done automatically and when we are done, there will not be need to be sharing FAAC on a monthly basis.
“The tiers of government will get their accounts credited daily.”
He stressed that the objective of the committee was to simplify the tax to reduce the burden on businesses, particularly SMEs.
Mr Oyedele said part of the committee’s advocacy was an exemption for withholding taxes for small businesses within the range of N50 million annually as they will lack the capacity to comply.
He also revealed that the committee’s reform of the withholding tax, which he said remained the most difficult and complex tax to comply with in Nigeria, had been approved.
“The good news is that it has moved from proposal to approval because it has been signed, waiting to be gazetted. Among our objectives is to simplify the tax to reduce the burden on businesses, particularly SMEs.
“We want to promote competitiveness, prevent tax avoidance, detect tax evasion and close the tax gap that reflects what is happening globally.”
He also said, “We have reduced the rates for businesses producing goods and services because their margins are very small.
“We have created exemptions for manufacturers. So, if you are manufacturing anything, do not worry about withholding tax.
“We have put measures to curb evasion. These are part of the reforms that we have introduced in withholding tax regulation that has just been approved.”
The committee further recommended that any extra revenue incurred by the government should be used to pay down its Ways and Means borrowing from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
It also urged the federal government to use some portion of banks’ Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) to provide concessionary interest rates at a single digit for manufacturers.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The prices of the two major crude oil grades moderated on Friday amid news of an Iranian proposal on negotiations with the United States. However, prices remained on track for weekly gains, with Iran still blocking the Strait of Hormuz and the US Navy blocking exports of Iranian crude.
Brent crude settled at $108.17 per barrel after losing $2.23 or 2.02 per cent, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude finished at $101.94 a barrel after giving up $3.13 or 2.98 per cent. Both benchmarks gained 2.9 per cent over the week.
It was reported on Friday that Iran sent its latest proposal for negotiations with the US to Pakistani mediators on Thursday, a move that could improve prospects for breaking an impasse in efforts to end the Iran war.
Oil prices have been on the rise since the US and Israel attacked Iran at the end of February, resulting in the closure of the Strait of Hormuz and the disruption of shipments of about a fifth of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas supply.
Although a ceasefire has been in place since April 8, the oil market appeared to be accepting the uneasy truce in the conflict since Iran had already said and signalled that it won’t open the chokepoint to free traffic and won’t return to negotiations unless the American blockade is lifted.
There are fears of an escalation amid reports that US President Donald Trump would be briefed on further military options to force Iran’s hand to sign a deal, which could involve a ground operation.
Prices could spike to $140 per barrel, according to the Speaker of Iran’s Parliament, Mr Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, saying the US Administration is getting “junk advice” from people like [Treasury Secretary] Bessent, “who also push the blockade theory and cranked oil up to $120+. Next stop:140.”
The United Arab Emirates’ departure from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) this week may still mean that the market’s most striking feature in the next few years is not too little supply, but too much. It left the cartel to boost production (target ~5 million barrels per day by 2027) and gain full control over its oil strategy and global partnerships.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) has urged the federal government to prioritise reforms that address constraints in the manufacturing sector as it tackles broader macroeconomic and fiscal challenges facing the Nigerian economy.
President of LCCI, Mr Leye Kupoluyi, gave the advice on Thursday in Lagos, at the chamber’s quarterly state of the nation’s economy news conference.
He stated that the manufacturing sector remained a critical driver of revenue and industrial growth, citing a strong performance in 2025.
Mr Kupoluyi noted that the sector contributed N1.17 trillion in Value Added Tax (VAT), representing a 45.61 per cent increase from N803.53 billion recorded in 2024, adding that the Company Income Tax (CIT) from the sector rose to N881.29 billion, up by 32.83 per cent from N663.46 billion in the previous year.
“This strong year-on-year growth reinforces the sector’s expanding role in generating government revenue and in Nigeria’s industrial development.
“Following these results, we call on the government to invest more in productive infrastructure and economic policies that drive growth through job creation, lower production costs, and fiscal interventions,” he said.
On the global terrain, the LCCI president noted that the global economy remained unsettled, shaped by geopolitical tensions, supply chain disruptions and monetary tightening in advanced economies.
He said these trends had sustained inflationary pressures globally, while exposing emerging markets, including Nigeria, to capital outflows and currency volatility.
Mr Kupoluyi noted that Nigeria had benefited from high crude oil prices, warned against mismanaging the resulting windfall, urging the government to channel oil revenues into the Sovereign Wealth Fund, critical infrastructure and diversification initiatives to reduce import dependence and support long-term growth.
On monetary policy, the chamber’s president commended the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Monetary Policy Committee for reducing the Monetary Policy Rate by 50 basis points to 26.5 per cent at its February meeting.
He described the move as a cautious but important shift, reflecting growing confidence amid improvements in inflation and external sector performance.
Mr Kupoluyi also highlighted improvements in the foreign exchange market, noting that the naira had shown relative stability and appreciated to about N1,350.79 to the Dollar in the official market.
He said the performance reflects improved liquidity, investor confidence and the impact of ongoing reforms, but called for stronger policy coordination, increased FX inflows and fiscal discipline to sustain stability.
On fiscal operations, the LCCI president raised concerns over weak capital budget implementation, citing the rollover of N7.71 trillion in unexecuted 2025 capital projects.
He said delays in fund releases, bureaucratic bottlenecks and inefficiencies had continued to undermine project delivery and strain contractors.
He urged the government to develop a more effective framework for capital budget releases to ensure timely funding and execution of projects.
Addressing the oil and gas sector, Mr Kupoluyi welcomed the ongoing reform efforts aimed at boosting crude oil production and improving regulatory processes.
He called for a fully digital regulatory ecosystem to enhance transparency, accelerate approvals and restore investor confidence.
The official added that high global oil prices presented an opportunity for Nigeria to strengthen its position as a major supplier, provided local production and refining capacities are improved.
The LCCI president, however, expressed concern over high import duties on paper, printing materials and related inputs, noting that the policy had increased production costs across several value chains.
“The situation is worsened by port delays, multiple regulatory checks and inconsistent tariff classifications.
The chamber also called for a review of import duties, integration of regulatory agencies into the National Single Window and measures to reduce cargo clearance timelines.
“A balanced policy mix of moderate tariffs, support for local production and stable macroeconomic conditions would enhance industrial growth and reduce business costs,” he said.
He also reiterated its commitment to continued engagement with government and stakeholders to promote policies that support a thriving business environment.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange rose by 0.16 per cent on Thursday, April 29, with the Unlisted Security Index (NSI) returning above the 4,000-point mark after chalking up 6.55 points to settle at 4,005.78 points compared with the previous day’s 3,999.23 points.
During the trading session, the market capitalisation of the platform went up by N3.92 billion to close at N2.396 trillion, in contrast to the N2.392 trillion it ended on Wednesday.
The upliftment of the alternative stock market was influenced by the gains posted by four securities, which offset the losses printed by two securities.
According to data, Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc chalked up N4.03 to close at N76.02 per share versus the preceding session’s N71.99 per share, Food Concepts Plc appreciated by 24 Kobo to N2.67 per unit from N2.43 per unit, UBN Property Plc climbed 20 Kobo to trade at N2.23 per share versus N2.03 per share, and Geo-Fluids Plc improved by 9 Kobo to N3.00 per unit from N2.91 per unit.
On the flip side, MRS Oil Plc lost N17.65 to end at N178.10 per share compared with the previous price of N195.75 per share, and FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc dipped by N9.76 to N90.24 per unit from N100.00 per unit.
The volume of securities traded during the trading day went up by 184.3 per cent to 877,682 units from 308,698 units, the value of securities jumped 5.7 per cent to N26.7 million from N25.2 million, and the number of deals soared by 100 per cent to 56 deals from 28 deals.
Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc remained the most traded stock by value (year-to-date) with 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, followed by CSCS Plc with 60.1 million units exchanged for N4.1 billion, and Okitipupa Plc with 27.8 million units traded for N1.9 billion.
GNI Plc also closed as the most active stock by volume (year-to-date) with 3.4 billion units sold for N8.4 billion, followed by Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units worth N415.7 million, and Infrastructure Guarantee Credit Plc with 400 million units transacted for N1.2 billion.
The market will be closed on Friday, May 1, for Workers’ Day celebration.
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