Economy
Osinbajo Advocates Market-Driven Approach to Boost FX Flows
By Adedapo Adesanya
Vice President Yemi Osinbajo has said that a more market-driven approach would be best for the country’s exchange rate management as it would boost confidence and inwards flows.
Mr Osinbajo made this submission in his presentation at the 3rd Ministerial Performance Review Retreat for Ministers, Permanent Secretaries, and top Government Functionaries at the State House Banquet Hall, Abuja, which started on Monday.
The VP, while giving his presentation, The President Muhammadu Buhari Administration: Reflections on the Journey So Far, said that there must be a synergy between fiscal and monetary policy.
“The failure of that synergy has led to unnecessary drawbacks in our economic performance and planning.
“What imports are eligible for foreign exchange must agree with the fiscal ambitions for manufacturing and industry.
“The second is that our exchange rate management continues to be an issue; the exchange rate of the naira to convertible currencies continues to face significant downward pressure because demand substantially outstrips supply.
“On one hand, we have tried demand management and rationing, which has not really worked because fixing the price while the parallel market reveals a massive arbitrage merely creates the opportunity for massive rents,” Mr Osinbajo said.
He noted hat such demand management and rationing would also compound the backlog of remittances for foreign businesses who wanted to repatriate their legitimate earnings.
According to the vice president, the imperative discussion is how best to manage the situation by finding a mechanism for increasing supply and moderating demand which will be transparent and boost confidence.
“I think a more market-driven approach will be best; some price discovery within the context of a managed float is certainly required.
“Some efforts at controlled price discovery that had been made in the past include the Foreign Exchange Market (FEM), interbank Foreign Exchange Market (IFEM), various iterations of the Dutch Auction System(DAS), Wholesale Dutch Auction System (W-DAS), Retail Dutch Auction System (R-DAS).
“While they may not have been perfect, it would appear as if the rules were clear and there was relative stability.
“When people know how to access foreign exchange competitively, this will boost confidence and inward flows will increase,” he submitted.
The vice president said the focus must be on value addition and productivity in our economy, adding that the ideas were well articulated in the Medium Term Economic Plan 2021-2025–the importance of loosening generalised restrictions on trade.
Mr Osinbajo said that blanket import restrictions dampened economic activity because many items that might be needed in the manufacturing process might be affected with a consequent negative impact on value addition in the economy.
“Importation itself is not the problem; it is what you import and what you do with it; it is a value-added that matters.
“This is how jobs and wealth are created; many countries of the world that manufacture are huge importers, and they import far more than Nigeria.
“Let us take the example of garment manufacturing; Bangladesh, the world’s leading garment manufacturer, does not produce most of the cotton it uses.
“It only grows two per cent of its annual cotton requirement; in 2019, Bangladesh imported $11.8 billion worth of textiles and apparel while it exported $37.94 billion worth of garments in the same year,” he said.
Economy
FG Unveils Industrial Policy to Raise Manufacturing Contribution to 25%
By Adedapo Adesanya
The federal government plans to boost the manufacturing sector’s contribution to the Nigerian economy to 15 per cent by 2030 and 25 per cent by 2035, from its current 8.2 per cent.
This was revealed in the newly launched Nigeria Industrial Policy (NIP), which was unveiled by the Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment (FMITI).
According to data, the sector employs 13 million Nigerians, mainly in food processing, cement production, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and the automotive industry.
The FG stated that the aim of NIP frameworks is “to drive economic growth, reduce dependence on oil exports, and promote sustainable development” and contribute to achieving Nigeria’s aspiration of attaining the $1 trillion economy by 2030.
The government said the plan would “accelerate Nigeria’s industrial transformation by leveraging its natural and human capital to promote inclusive, sustainable, and competitive manufacturing, deepen economic diversification, and generate mass employment through innovation, infrastructure development, investment, and export.”
It explained that the policy direction of its NIP is anchored on the development of four sectors, namely metals and solid minerals, oil and gas, construction, and manufacturing.
Over the past decade, the agro-allied industry has contributed an average of 25 per cent (27 per cent rebased) to Nigeria’s real GDP and currently accounts for 35 per cent of total employment. It serves as a primary source of raw materials for key manufacturing sectors, including food processing, leather goods, and textiles, reinforcing its pivotal role in driving industrial linkages and inclusive economic development.
The report noted, however, that the industry faces challenges such as limited mechanisation and outdated farming techniques, post-harvest losses, and insecurity.
The government assured that relevant legal and institutional frameworks are in place to address key challenges such as inadequate power supply, low access to finance, and competition from cheap imported products, limiting the performance of the sector.
The Minister of State, FMITI, Mr John Owan Enoh, described the NIP as “a comprehensive framework that reaffirms our national resolve to diversify the economy, create inclusive prosperity, and secure Nigeria’s rightful place as a leading industrial hub in Africa and the wider global economy.”
The government said that each of the four sectors comprises multiple sub-sectors that offer strategic opportunities for industrial development.
“These sectors have been prioritised due to strong comparative advantages, potential to generate large-scale employment, and deepen local value addition and expand exports.
“The future outlook for the industry is bright with abundant natural resources, massive investment in the development of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), the growing market size, and participation of Nigeria in AfCFTA and ECOWAS Trade Liberalisation Scheme (ETLS)”, the report added.
Economy
Financial Inclusion Drives Economic Growth—Smartcash CEO
By Dipo Olowookere
The chief executive of Smartcash Payment Service Bank (PSB), Mr Ayotunde Kuponiyi, has stressed the importance of financial inclusion to any nation’s economy.
Speaking with journalists in Lagos on Tuesday, he said the country will always experience economic growth when the majority of its citizens are financially included.
According to him, this is why the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has intensified its efforts to drive financial inclusion in the country to about 80 per cent.
“Financial inclusion is important because when 80 per cent of your population is included financially, it then ensures growth in the economy,” he said at the unveiling of the nationwide marketing campaign of Smartcash titled No Be Cho Cho Cho.
“We have about 40 million or 50 million Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, and a number of them don’t have bank accounts, but when they are included financially, they have access to finance, borrowing, and then grow their income.
“As the industry grows, they employ more hands (job creation), and when this happens, the government earns more revenue from taxes paid by the employed persons, which the government then uses to improve the standard of living of the citizens. Infrastructure will also be provided by the government. This is why financial inclusion is extremely important,” Mr Kuponiyi stated.
Commenting on the new campaign, the Smartcash boss said it reflects a broader philosophy of accountability in digital finance, with the zero-charge model, which eliminates fees on transfers and bill payments.
“Through our flagship zero-charge service, we promise no fees on P2P transfers or bill payments. Furthermore, our savings account offers 15 per cent per annum compounded interest, paid daily without penalties. Unlike conventional banks, we charge you nothing, ensuring your money truly works for you,” he averred, stressing that the zero-fee does not apply to the stamp duty charged by the federal government on transactions above N10,000.
He stated that the initiative centres on the three pillars of reliability, transparency and demonstrable service delivery and addresses what the company describes as a widening trust gap in Nigeria’s digital payments market.
Mr Kuponiyi also revealed that beyond consumer banking, the platform is also expanding its footprint through a nationwide network of agents that facilitate transactions and financial services in underserved communities.
Smartcash is the digital financial services platform of Airtel Nigeria, which is a subsidiary of Africa Plc, operating across 14 countries.
Economy
Oil at $85 Could Boost Nigeria’s External Balance Account—Bloomberg
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria has been identified as one of the winners of an oil windfall following the US and Israel’s war on Iran.
According to Bloomberg Economics, the rise in prices will improve the current account balance of just three sub-Saharan African economies.
Bloomberg Economics’ Ms Yvonne Mhango wrote in a report on Thursday that if oil stays at about $85 a barrel, Angola, Nigeria and Ghana will see their current account balance improve, while the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa and Kenya will be among the worst-hit.
“For most African economies, higher oil prices mean weaker currencies and renewed inflationary pressure, which could put rate hikes back on the table,” she said.
According to the analyst, Nigeria, which is Africa’s largest oil producer, will not only gain from crude sales but from fuel exports.
Bloomberg Economics data showed that Nigeria’s current account balance could benefit by as much as 2.3 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP), second only to Angola’s 3.3 per cent and Ghana’s 0.2 per cent.
Already, the 650,000-barrel-a-day Dangote oil refinery has raised the prospect of sending more product to Europe if the price is right.
Dangote is offering up to 44,000 metric tons of jet fuel for loading March 20-22, as well as at least 40,000 tons of gasoil with a maximum sulphur content of 50 parts per million for loading March 15-30.
However, countries like Africa’s largest economy – South Africa – may face challenges if India and Oman, two of its biggest fuel suppliers, cut down on exports. It may see a -1.0 per cent hit to its current account balance.
South African consumers are bracing for fuel costs to increase in April, according to Central Energy Fund data, while traders moved to price in a chance of an interest-rate hike later this month.
Following US and Israeli strikes on Iran over the weekend and retaliatory moves by the Islamic Republic, global crude prices have adjusted sharply.
The Strait of Hormuz, a narrow shipping lane between Iran and Oman, through which roughly a fifth of global oil supply normally passes, has been blocked completely by Iran.
As of press time, Brent crude, which Nigeria prices its crudes is trading up at 2.3 per cent at $83.23. Nigerian crude grades, Brass River and Qua Iboe, are selling at $87 per barrel.
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